Autologous Fat Grafting Beneath Penile Split Thickness Skin Graft Placement During Penile Reconstruction

NCT ID: NCT07316491

Last Updated: 2026-01-05

Study Results

Results pending

The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.

Basic Information

Get a concise snapshot of the trial, including recruitment status, study phase, enrollment targets, and key timeline milestones.

Recruitment Status

NOT_YET_RECRUITING

Clinical Phase

NA

Total Enrollment

24 participants

Study Classification

INTERVENTIONAL

Study Start Date

2026-01-03

Study Completion Date

2028-01-01

Brief Summary

Review the sponsor-provided synopsis that highlights what the study is about and why it is being conducted.

The goal of this randomized interventional clinical trial is to learn if placement of a thin layer of fatty tissue (fat graft) beneath a split-thickness skin graft on the surface of the penis improved outcomes of surgery in men who are scheduled to undergo reconstructive surgery on their penis and genitals. This is a randomized study, meaning that half of participants will receive the fat graft with their standard-of-care surgery, and half will have their standard-of-care surgery alone. Fat grafting underneath split-thickness skin grafts in other parts of the body has been shown to improve healing of the skin graft. Both study groups will be followed for specific outcomes through outpatient clinic visits for the first 12 months after their surgery, as well as chart review.

Questions the investigators hope to answer include:

* Does fat grafting improve the pliability and feel of the penile skin after grafting
* Does fat grafting change the penile length after surgery
* Does fat grafting improve sexual function, urinary function, and genital self-image after surgery
* Are there any unforeseen complications related to the fat grafting procedure

Participants will be asked to complete questionnaires related to sexual, urinary, and genital self-image questionnaires before surgery, 3 months after surgery, and 12 months after surgery. Noninvasive testing of the penile skin will also be performed at participants' routine appointments.

Detailed Description

Dive into the extended narrative that explains the scientific background, objectives, and procedures in greater depth.

The investigators seek to study a novel adipose-based therapeutic strategy to improve cosmetic and function outcomes at the time of penile split-thickness skin graft (STSG) application during penile reconstruction. This entails a therapeutic repurposing of commonly utilized fat and skin grafting protocols to provide a fat-first reconstruction to address each of these limitations in one simple, economical, and widely accessible treatment for point-of-care penile reconstruction. Autologous adipose tissue is ideal as an adjunct to penile split-thickness skin grafting because it: 1) provides immediate, biologic soft tissue coverage with minimal to no donor site burden; 2) remains viable in poorly vascularized wound beds and can be placed as a biologic dressing without specialized microsurgical care; 3) enhances angiogenesis to mitigate risk of infection of deeper structures; 4) mitigates adhesions to underlying structures; and 5) can be used as immediate platform for rapid restoration of cutaneous integrity. By leveraging these techniques, the investigators seek to provide a safe, effective, and available option to augment standard-of-care reconstruction techniques.

Multiple conditions can lead to a need for penile reconstruction. Penile trauma, including burns, penetrating injury, blast injury, and friction injury can irreversibly damage penile skin, leading to a need to resurface the shaft and/or glans of the penis with local tissue flaps or autologous grafts. Infectious processes, most notably Fournier's gangrene, can also lead to loss of penile skin. Finally, adult-acquired buried penis (AABP) disease, a condition wherein the penis becomes trapped by adjacent soft tissues leading to chronic inflammation and loss of penile epithelial integrity, can require surgical excision of penile skin as part of a multicomponent repair. In all of these cases, STSG of the penile shaft is considered standard of care if local flaps, such as scrotal flaps, are not available for reconstruction due to overlapping disease processes. STSGs are commonly utilized to allow for rapid, definitive closure and restoration of the integument.

While STSG graft take on the penis following these processes is successful \>95% of the time with restoration of urinary outcomes, patients who have undergone the procedure typically report dissatisfaction with the cosmetic appearance of their penile skin. This is due to adhesion of the STSG to the fixed Buck's deep fascia of the penis, which occurs due to the loss of the mobile Dartos fascia during the time of initial insult/injury. The combination of adhesion and graft contracture/fibrosis can lead to a "plasticky" feeling of the penile skin, which is especially bothersome given the expansile nature of the deep cavernosal bodies during sexual arousal. While current sexual outcomes in patients undergoing penile reconstruction are superior to patients who do not undergo reconstruction, there exists significant room for improvement. There currently exist no off-the-shelf products with proven efficacy in improving outcomes.

Adipose tissue is a prime candidate for this application due to its autologous origin, ease of procurement with minimal-to-no additional donor site morbidity, and abundant availability in patients, alongside its unique reconstructive and regenerative capacities. The use of autologous adipose in delayed tissue reconstruction is well established. However, the full therapeutic potential of adipose tissue remains underexploited. Fat grafting provides immediate soft tissue bulk, enhances angiogenesis, is both immunomodulatory and enhances immunologic homing, and supplies mesenchymal cells for soft tissue healing. Fat grafting is viable in hostile recipient beds including infected/contaminated and poorly vascularized wounds such as the diabetic foot ulcer, irradiated skin, and burn scars.

Grafting of autologous fat tissue is a minimally invasive surgical technique that starts with the harvest of small particles (2-5 mm) of fat tissue from the abdomen or using liposuction. Sometimes, fat graft can be harvested from tissue that is removed for other reasons. This technique utilizes incisions smaller than 5 mm in length and rapid intraoperative processing allowing for immediate transplantation of a patient's own tissue in a single operative procedure. Autologous fat can also be obtained from adipose tissue removed intraoperatively, which is a standard component to AABP repair, and processed intraoperatively for immediate use. This follows a standard fat grafting preparation protocol currently being used for standard of care cases.

A multitude of data exist to support the utility of autologous fat grafting for other disease processes at a variety of anatomic sites. Applications that have been subject to rigorous prior study include:

* Improvement in soft tissue volume, pliability, and skin quality after autologous fat grafting of atrophic amputation stumps
* Improvement in tissue pliability in a porcine burn model
* Improvement in human burn patients when autologous fat grafting was performed beneath a STSG overlying tendon in a burn patient

In the study described herein, participants will undergo the standard-of-care baseline reconstructive surgery for their primary disease process. This will include any necessary debridement, penile degloving, and soft tissue excision of the penis, genitals, and surrounding tissues as indicated by their primary traumatic, infectious, or other disease process. Post-operative wound care will proceed along standard-of-care pathways and will not be altered for the purposes of this protocol.

It is important to recognize that no cell extraction or isolation will be performed in this trial. The fat graft is regulated as a standard surgical procedure with no more than minimal manipulation of the fat tissue. Fat graft injection has been widely adopted by plastic surgeons, dermatologists, and ophthalmologists in clinical practice. Because these are autologous fat grafts that undergo minimal manipulation, they are regulated as a standard surgical procedure and are well-tolerated by patients with minimal safety risks. Only simple processing will be performed with the fat tissue to improve its texture and compliance as is already the standard of care and commonly performed. As autologous fat grafting is well known to soften scarring from trauma, surgical manipulation/incisions, and radiation fibrosis, the investigators believe this approach will be efficacious and well-tolerated due to the common anatomic factors seen in the penis and other parts of the body.

Conditions

See the medical conditions and disease areas that this research is targeting or investigating.

Penis/Surgery Penis/Injuries Penile Skin Adult-Acquired Buried Penis

Study Design

Understand how the trial is structured, including allocation methods, masking strategies, primary purpose, and other design elements.

Allocation Method

RANDOMIZED

Intervention Model

PARALLEL

Primary Study Purpose

TREATMENT

Blinding Strategy

SINGLE

Participants

Study Groups

Review each arm or cohort in the study, along with the interventions and objectives associated with them.

STSG Alone

Subjects randomized to this arm of the study will undergo standard-of-care split-thickness skin grafting of their penis without autologous fat grafting. They will undergo the same pre- and post-operative monitoring and complete the same testing as those in the experimental arm of the study.

Group Type ACTIVE_COMPARATOR

Genitourinary Reconstruction with Split-Thickness Skin Grafting

Intervention Type PROCEDURE

Subject eligibility for this study is contingent upon a baseline disease process in which subjects require and are appropriate for genitourinary reconstruction with penile split-thickness skin grafting as their surgical standard of care. Patients in both arms will receive the standard of care reconstruction and split-thickness skin grafting. The donor site for the split-thickness skin graft with be at the discretion of the operating surgeon during the case and will not be affected by enrollment and/or allocation within the trial.

STSG with Autologous Fat Grafting

Subjects randomized to this arm of the study will undergo standard-of-care split-thickness skin grafting of their penis with autologous fat grafting. For subjects from whom a sufficient quantity of healthy adipose tissue is excised as part of the standard-of-care reconstructive surgery they have elected to undergo, the autologous fat graft will be processed from this specimen and placed between the skin graft and fascia of the penis. For subjects from whom a sufficient quantity of healthy adipose tissue is not excised as part of their standard-of-care reconstructive surgery, lipoaspiration (liposuction) will be performed to harvest fatty tissue that will subsequently undergo minimal processing for grafting.

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

Autologous fat grafting

Intervention Type PROCEDURE

In this intervention, subjects will undergo their standard-of-care reconstructive urologic surgery with penile split-thickness skin grafting as medically indicated for treatment of their underline penile/genitourinary condition(s). In addition to this reconstruction, autologous fat grafting will be performed beneath their penile skin graft. For subjects from whom a sufficient quantity of healthy adipose tissue is excised as part of the standard-of-care reconstructive surgery they have elected to undergo, the autologous fat graft will be processed from this specimen and placed between the skin graft and fascia of the penis. For subjects from whom a sufficient quantity of healthy adipose tissue is not excised as part of their standard-of-care reconstructive surgery, lipoaspiration (liposuction) will be performed to harvest fatty tissue that will subsequently undergo minimal processing for grafting.

Genitourinary Reconstruction with Split-Thickness Skin Grafting

Intervention Type PROCEDURE

Subject eligibility for this study is contingent upon a baseline disease process in which subjects require and are appropriate for genitourinary reconstruction with penile split-thickness skin grafting as their surgical standard of care. Patients in both arms will receive the standard of care reconstruction and split-thickness skin grafting. The donor site for the split-thickness skin graft with be at the discretion of the operating surgeon during the case and will not be affected by enrollment and/or allocation within the trial.

Interventions

Learn about the drugs, procedures, or behavioral strategies being tested and how they are applied within this trial.

Autologous fat grafting

In this intervention, subjects will undergo their standard-of-care reconstructive urologic surgery with penile split-thickness skin grafting as medically indicated for treatment of their underline penile/genitourinary condition(s). In addition to this reconstruction, autologous fat grafting will be performed beneath their penile skin graft. For subjects from whom a sufficient quantity of healthy adipose tissue is excised as part of the standard-of-care reconstructive surgery they have elected to undergo, the autologous fat graft will be processed from this specimen and placed between the skin graft and fascia of the penis. For subjects from whom a sufficient quantity of healthy adipose tissue is not excised as part of their standard-of-care reconstructive surgery, lipoaspiration (liposuction) will be performed to harvest fatty tissue that will subsequently undergo minimal processing for grafting.

Intervention Type PROCEDURE

Genitourinary Reconstruction with Split-Thickness Skin Grafting

Subject eligibility for this study is contingent upon a baseline disease process in which subjects require and are appropriate for genitourinary reconstruction with penile split-thickness skin grafting as their surgical standard of care. Patients in both arms will receive the standard of care reconstruction and split-thickness skin grafting. The donor site for the split-thickness skin graft with be at the discretion of the operating surgeon during the case and will not be affected by enrollment and/or allocation within the trial.

Intervention Type PROCEDURE

Eligibility Criteria

Check the participation requirements, including inclusion and exclusion rules, age limits, and whether healthy volunteers are accepted.

Inclusion Criteria

* Ability to participate in informed consent
* Loss of penile skin necessitating split-thickness skin grafting for reconstruction
* Willingness to undergo the study interventions and comply with required study procedures
* Is a medical and surgical candidate to undergo standard-of-care split-thickness skin graft reconstruction of the penis after standard preoperative optimization

Exclusion Criteria

* History of neophallus creation
* A diagnosed disorder of connective tissue or collagen deposition/formation
* The inability to obtain sufficient fat from the surgical specimen or separate lipoharvest donor site to allow the autologous fat tissue processing
* Any medical condition that would preclude safe conduct of the lipoharvest and/or injection procedure per investigator discretion
Minimum Eligible Age

18 Years

Eligible Sex

MALE

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Sponsors

Meet the organizations funding or collaborating on the study and learn about their roles.

University of Pittsburgh

OTHER

Sponsor Role lead

Responsible Party

Identify the individual or organization who holds primary responsibility for the study information submitted to regulators.

Paul Rusilko

Director of Reconstructive Urology, Associate Professor of Urology

Responsibility Role PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Principal Investigators

Learn about the lead researchers overseeing the trial and their institutional affiliations.

Paul J Rusilko, DO

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

University of Pittsburgh

Locations

Explore where the study is taking place and check the recruitment status at each participating site.

UPMC Mercy Hospital

Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States

Site Status

Countries

Review the countries where the study has at least one active or historical site.

United States

Central Contacts

Reach out to these primary contacts for questions about participation or study logistics.

Roger D Klein, MD, PhD

Role: CONTACT

800-533-8762

Michelle Lucas, MS

Role: CONTACT

412-624-4708

Facility Contacts

Find local site contact details for specific facilities participating in the trial.

Michelle Lucas, MS

Role: primary

412-624-4708

Eleanor Shirley, MA, CCRC

Role: backup

References

Explore related publications, articles, or registry entries linked to this study.

Sivak WN, Ruane EJ, Hausman SJ, Rubin JP, Spiess AM. Decellularized Matrix and Supplemental Fat Grafting Leads to Regeneration following Traumatic Fingertip Amputation. Plast Reconstr Surg Glob Open. 2016 Oct 12;4(10):e1094. doi: 10.1097/GOX.0000000000001094. eCollection 2016 Oct.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 27826486 (View on PubMed)

Bourne DA, Thomas RD, Bliley J, Haas G, Wyse A, Donnenberg A, Donnenberg VS, Chow I, Cooper R, Coleman S, Marra K, Pasquina PF, Rubin JP. Amputation-Site Soft-Tissue Restoration Using Adipose Stem Cell Therapy. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2018 Nov;142(5):1349-1352. doi: 10.1097/PRS.0000000000004889.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 30511990 (View on PubMed)

Biyao Z, Gang X, Hai J, Chenwang D, Xuan L. Autologous fat grafting combined with negative pressure wound therapy in severe diabetic foot ulcer: a case study. J Wound Care. 2021 Apr 1;30(Sup4):S38-S40. doi: 10.12968/jowc.2021.30.Sup4.S38.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 33856926 (View on PubMed)

Piccolo NS, Piccolo MS, Piccolo MT. Fat grafting for treatment of burns, burn scars, and other difficult wounds. Clin Plast Surg. 2015 Apr;42(2):263-83. doi: 10.1016/j.cps.2014.12.009. Epub 2015 Feb 21.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 25827568 (View on PubMed)

Kenny EM, Egro FM, Ejaz A, Coleman SR, Greenberger JS, Rubin JP. Fat Grafting in Radiation-Induced Soft-Tissue Injury: A Narrative Review of the Clinical Evidence and Implications for Future Studies. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2021 Apr 1;147(4):819-838. doi: 10.1097/PRS.0000000000007705.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 33776031 (View on PubMed)

Gentile P, Sterodimas A, Calabrese C, Garcovich S. Systematic review: Advances of fat tissue engineering as bioactive scaffold, bioactive material, and source for adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells in wound and scar treatment. Stem Cell Res Ther. 2021 Jun 2;12(1):318. doi: 10.1186/s13287-021-02397-4.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 34078470 (View on PubMed)

Dong J, Wu B, Tian W. Adipose tissue-derived small extracellular vesicles modulate macrophages to improve the homing of adipocyte precursors and endothelial cells in adipose tissue regeneration. Front Cell Dev Biol. 2022 Dec 6;10:1075233. doi: 10.3389/fcell.2022.1075233. eCollection 2022.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 36561367 (View on PubMed)

Theisen KM, Fuller TW, Rusilko P. Surgical Management of Adult-acquired Buried Penis: Impact on Urinary and Sexual Quality of Life Outcomes. Urology. 2018 Jun;116:180-184. doi: 10.1016/j.urology.2018.03.031. Epub 2018 Apr 3.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 29625136 (View on PubMed)

Seitz AJ, Edalatpour A, Israel JS, Grimes MD, Williams DH, Poore SO. Postoperative Outcomes following Buried Penis Reconstruction: A Single-Institution Experience Using the Wisconsin Classification System. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2024 May 1;153(5):1151-1160. doi: 10.1097/PRS.0000000000010868. Epub 2023 Jun 20.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 37337329 (View on PubMed)

Staniorski CJ, Myrga JM, Vasan RV, Klein RD, Rusilko PJ. Surgical Outcomes and Prediction of Complications Following High-complexity Buried Penis Reconstruction. J Urol. 2023 Nov;210(5):782-790. doi: 10.1097/JU.0000000000003669. Epub 2023 Aug 16.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 37586110 (View on PubMed)

Kara O, Teke K, Ciftci S, Ustuner M, Uslubas AK, Bosnali E, Culha MM. Buried penis in adults as a complication of circumcision: Surgical management and long-term outcomes. Andrologia. 2021 Mar;53(2):e13921. doi: 10.1111/and.13921. Epub 2020 Nov 26.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 33244793 (View on PubMed)

Kumar T, Patel A, Chaffin AE. Use of Suprapubic Panniculus for Split-Thickness Skin Graft in Buried Penis Repair. Eplasty. 2024 Feb 6;24:e6. eCollection 2024.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 38476520 (View on PubMed)

Flynn KJ, Vanni AJ, Breyer BN, Erickson BA. Adult-Acquired Buried Penis Classification and Surgical Management. Urol Clin North Am. 2022 Aug;49(3):479-493. doi: 10.1016/j.ucl.2022.04.009. Epub 2022 Jun 29.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 35931438 (View on PubMed)

Falcone M, Preto M, Timpano M, Oderda M, Plamadeala N, Cirigliano L, Blecher G, Peretti F, Ferro I, Gontero P. The outcomes of surgical management options for adult acquired buried penis. Int J Impot Res. 2023 Dec;35(8):712-719. doi: 10.1038/s41443-022-00642-9. Epub 2022 Nov 18.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 36400942 (View on PubMed)

Thornton SM, Seitz AJ, Edalatpour A, Poore SO. Surgical management of adult acquired buried penis syndrome: A systematic review of patient-reported outcome instruments. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg. 2024 Apr;91:181-190. doi: 10.1016/j.bjps.2024.02.009. Epub 2024 Feb 6.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 38422919 (View on PubMed)

Deptula P, Fox P. Autologous Fat Grafting in Hand Surgery. J Hand Surg Am. 2021 Jul;46(7):594-600. doi: 10.1016/j.jhsa.2021.02.015. Epub 2021 Apr 13.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 33858716 (View on PubMed)

Kaur S, Rubin JP, Gusenoff J, Sommers CA, Shamsunder MG, Hume KM, Mehrara BJ. The General Registry of Autologous Fat Transfer: Concept, Design, and Analysis of Fat Grafting Complications. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2022 Jun 1;149(6):1118e-1129e. doi: 10.1097/PRS.0000000000009162. Epub 2022 Apr 11.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 35404336 (View on PubMed)

Other Identifiers

Review additional registry numbers or institutional identifiers associated with this trial.

STUDY25050015

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id

More Related Trials

Additional clinical trials that may be relevant based on similarity analysis.

Acellular Adipose Tissue (AAT) for Soft Tissue Reconstruction
NCT03544632 ENROLLING_BY_INVITATION PHASE2