Enhanced Recovery After Surgery-Based Multimodal Preemptive Analgesia for Perioperative Management in Transarterial Chemoembolization of Intermediate-to-Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma
NCT ID: NCT07315022
Last Updated: 2026-01-02
Study Results
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Basic Information
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COMPLETED
PHASE4
129 participants
INTERVENTIONAL
2024-08-01
2025-08-30
Brief Summary
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Detailed Description
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Conditions
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Study Design
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RANDOMIZED
SINGLE_GROUP
TREATMENT
NONE
Study Groups
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A:hydromorphone + flurbiprofen axetil
Group A received hydromorphone hydrochloride combined with flurbiprofen axetil via PCIA. Hydromorphone hydrochloride 6 mg (2 mL:2 mg, Hubei Yichang Humanwell Pharmaceutical) + flurbiprofen axetil 50 mg (5 mL:50 mg, Beijing Tide Pharmaceutical) were diluted with normal saline to 100 ml and loaded into a PCIA pump (48-h cycle). The pump was initiated 15 min before surgery, with settings of background infusion 2 ml/h, bolus dose 2 ml, and lockout interval 15 min. Patients could self-administer boluses when the numerical pain rating scale (NRS) score was ≥4, with repeated presses during lockout having no effect. For patients with an NRS score ≥4 after two effective boluses, hydromorphone 1 mg diluted in normal saline to 10 ml was administered as a slow push over 2-3 min.
hydrochloride hydromorphone + flurbiprofen axetil
Group A received hydromorphone hydrochloride combined with flurbiprofen axetil via PCIA. The pump was initiated 15 min before surgery, with settings of background infusion 2 ml/h, bolus dose 2 ml, and lockout interval 15 min.
conventional analgesia
Group B received on-demand analgesia. When the NRS score was ≥4, flurbiprofen axetil 50 mg was administered intravenously, with intramuscular tramadol 100 mg added if analgesia was inadequate.
conventional analgesia
When the NRS score was ≥4, flurbiprofen axetil 50 mg was administered intravenously, with intramuscular tramadol 100 mg added if analgesia was inadequate.
Interventions
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hydrochloride hydromorphone + flurbiprofen axetil
Group A received hydromorphone hydrochloride combined with flurbiprofen axetil via PCIA. The pump was initiated 15 min before surgery, with settings of background infusion 2 ml/h, bolus dose 2 ml, and lockout interval 15 min.
conventional analgesia
When the NRS score was ≥4, flurbiprofen axetil 50 mg was administered intravenously, with intramuscular tramadol 100 mg added if analgesia was inadequate.
Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria
2. staged as China Liver Cancer Stage II-III1 or 2022 Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer stage B-C14;
3. liver function classified as Child-Pugh grade A or B;
4. ECOG PS score 0-215;
5. meeting the following hematological criteria: white blood cell count ≥3×10⁹/L, platelet count ≥50×10⁹/L, hemoglobin ≥80 g/L, serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) ≤twice the upper limit of normal (ULN), serum creatinine ≤1.5×ULN, INR \<1.5 or prothrombin time \<ULN + 4 s, albumin (ALB) ≥30 g/L, total bilirubin \<34 mmol/L.
Exclusion Criteria
2. severe psychological or psychiatric disorders;
3. history of long-term analgesic medication use;
4. severe cardiopulmonary disease;
5. severe uncontrolled infection;
6. incomplete medical records.
18 Years
80 Years
ALL
No
Sponsors
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Guangzhou Institute of Cancer Reasearch, the Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University
UNKNOWN
Jinshazhou Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine
UNKNOWN
First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University
OTHER
Responsible Party
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Jiaping Li
Chief Physician
Locations
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The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University
Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
Countries
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References
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Chou R, Gordon DB, de Leon-Casasola OA, Rosenberg JM, Bickler S, Brennan T, Carter T, Cassidy CL, Chittenden EH, Degenhardt E, Griffith S, Manworren R, McCarberg B, Montgomery R, Murphy J, Perkal MF, Suresh S, Sluka K, Strassels S, Thirlby R, Viscusi E, Walco GA, Warner L, Weisman SJ, Wu CL. Management of Postoperative Pain: A Clinical Practice Guideline From the American Pain Society, the American Society of Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, and the American Society of Anesthesiologists' Committee on Regional Anesthesia, Executive Committee, and Administrative Council. J Pain. 2016 Feb;17(2):131-57. doi: 10.1016/j.jpain.2015.12.008.
Thompson AR, Vernamonti JP, Rollins P, Speck KE. Implementing Change: Sustaining Enhanced Recovery After Surgery Protocols in Pediatric Surgery Using Iterative Assessments. J Surg Res. 2024 Jun;298:371-378. doi: 10.1016/j.jss.2024.03.039. Epub 2024 Apr 25.
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Jones DB, Abu-Nuwar MRA, Ku CM, Berk LS, Trainor LS, Jones SB. Less pain and earlier discharge after implementation of a multidisciplinary enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocol for laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy. Surg Endosc. 2020 Dec;34(12):5574-5582. doi: 10.1007/s00464-019-07358-w. Epub 2020 Jan 14.
Interventional perioperative committee of Chinese College of Interventionalists, clinical practice guideline committee of Chinese college of interventionalists. Expert consensus on perioperative pain management for interventional treatment of hepatic malignancies (2022). J Interv Radiol. 2022;31(10):943-948.
Meyer T, Fox R, Ma YT, Ross PJ, James MW, Sturgess R, Stubbs C, Stocken DD, Wall L, Watkinson A, Hacking N, Evans TRJ, Collins P, Hubner RA, Cunningham D, Primrose JN, Johnson PJ, Palmer DH. Sorafenib in combination with transarterial chemoembolisation in patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (TACE 2): a randomised placebo-controlled, double-blind, phase 3 trial. Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2017 Aug;2(8):565-575. doi: 10.1016/S2468-1253(17)30156-5. Epub 2017 Jun 23.
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Zhou B, Wang J, Yan Z, Shi P, Kan Z. Liver cancer: effects, safety, and cost-effectiveness of controlled-release oxycodone for pain control after TACE. Radiology. 2012 Mar;262(3):1014-21. doi: 10.1148/radiol.11110552.
Other Identifiers
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EMAT2025
Identifier Type: -
Identifier Source: org_study_id
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