Early Detection of Acute Respiratory Failure Using an Intelligent Respiratory Monitoring System

NCT ID: NCT07164586

Last Updated: 2025-09-10

Study Results

Results pending

The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.

Basic Information

Get a concise snapshot of the trial, including recruitment status, study phase, enrollment targets, and key timeline milestones.

Recruitment Status

ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING

Total Enrollment

300 participants

Study Classification

OBSERVATIONAL

Study Start Date

2025-08-18

Study Completion Date

2025-12-22

Brief Summary

Review the sponsor-provided synopsis that highlights what the study is about and why it is being conducted.

Introduction: The monitoring of respiratory patterns is crucial in the management of respiratory diseases, but in many cases, it still relies on subjective and visual assessment. The use of healthcare technologies based on artificial intelligence (AI) can, in these contexts, enhance clinical decision-making by providing a more objective and accurate analysis. Given the high prevalence of acute and chronic respiratory diseases, the implementation of a device capable of detecting variables such as flow, volume, and time becomes a priority for more effective diagnosis and therapeutic planning. Objective: Evaluate the accuracy, validity, and usability of an intelligent system for monitoring the respiratory pattern of patients at risk of acute respiratory failure. Methods: This is a prospective cohort study that will be conducted in the emergency departments of the Otávio de Freitas Hospital and Urgent Care Units (UPAs). The sample will consist of volunteers of both sexes, aged 18 years or older, breathing spontaneously, and suspected of having acute respiratory failure. Screening will be performed daily, where sociodemographic information, blood gas data, laboratory results, and additional information will be collected. When indicated, pulmonary function tests, respiratory muscle strength tests, and diaphragmatic ultrasound will be conducted. Respiratory pattern data will be collected using the Respiratory Diagnostic Assistant. Statistical analysis will be performed according to data modeling and treatment, adopting significant differences with p \< 0.05. Expected Results: It is expected that the results of this study will provide quantitative data on the respiratory pattern of volunteers suspected of having acute respiratory failure. This information will be integrated into a database with the aim of enhancing the device's ability to detect changes in respiratory patterns, as well as contributing to the development of artificial intelligence capable of accurately and efficiently identifying these changes.

Detailed Description

Dive into the extended narrative that explains the scientific background, objectives, and procedures in greater depth.

Monitoring respiratory patterns is essential in the management of respiratory diseases, yet it often still relies on subjective and visual assessments. Health technologies based on artificial intelligence (AI) can enhance clinical decision-making by providing more objective and accurate analyses. Given the high prevalence of acute and chronic respiratory diseases, implementing devices capable of detecting variables such as flow, volume, and time has become a priority for enabling more effective diagnosis and therapeutic planning. This study aims to evaluate the accuracy, validity, and usability of an intelligent system for monitoring respiratory patterns in patients at risk of acute respiratory failure.

This is a prospective cohort study to be conducted in the emergency departments of Hospital Otávio de Freitas and Urgent Care Units (UPAs), involving volunteers of both sexes, aged 18 years or older, breathing spontaneously, and under suspicion of acute respiratory failure. Daily screening will be performed, collecting sociodemographic, blood gas, laboratory, and additional clinical data. When indicated, pulmonary function tests, respiratory muscle strength assessments, and diaphragmatic ultrasonography will be performed. Respiratory patterns will be recorded using the Respiratory Diagnostic Assistant (RDA), with data collected directly at the patient's bedside, preferably in a seated position or, if not feasible, in the supine position with the head of the bed elevated to 30°. The device will be used with appropriate protective filters and a face mask properly fitted to the patient, preceded by a clinical evaluation that includes peripheral oxygen saturation, respiratory rate, and signs of respiratory distress. The protocol comprises three minutes of spontaneous basal breathing to record time, volume, and flow variables.

Simultaneously with the RDA assessment, respiratory parameters will also be measured using conventional methods-manual or multiparameter monitor respiratory rate, arterial blood gas analysis (when clinically indicated), pulse oximetry, and spirometry-serving as reference standards for diagnostic accuracy analysis. The collected data will be analyzed using correlation coefficients, agreement tests, and ROC curves to assess the sensitivity, specificity, and overall performance of the RDA algorithm. In addition to accuracy, clinical usability of the device will be evaluated using the System Usability Scale (SUS) questionnaire, assessing interface clarity, ease of mask fitting, examination duration, data interpretation, and clinical applicability. The mean SUS score will be used as an indicator of acceptance, with values ≥68 considered satisfactory.

All clinical and technical data will be securely stored on an encrypted server with access restricted to the research team, in compliance with the Declaration of Helsinki, Brazilian regulations, and the General Data Protection Law (LGPD). Participation will be voluntary, requiring the signing of an informed consent form (ICF) by patients or, when applicable, their legal representatives. Data will be stored in Microsoft Excel 2016 (Microsoft®, USA) and analyzed using SPSS Statistics v.22.0. Descriptive variables will be presented as means and standard deviations or as medians and interquartile ranges, depending on their distribution, assessed using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test.

The analysis will be guided by three main hypotheses: (1) Accuracy - to assess whether the intelligent monitoring system provides superior performance compared to conventional methods in detecting respiratory pattern alterations, using performance metrics such as accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), and area under the ROC curve (AUC), with comparisons made using McNemar's test for paired binary data and AUC comparisons using the z-test; (2) Validation - to verify the system's precision and reliability using the Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) and Bland-Altman analysis, as well as Cohen's Kappa index for categorical variables, with ICC values above 0.75 indicating satisfactory validation; (3) Usability - to assess system acceptance based on SUS scores, complemented by analysis of average training time and operational error rates, using the Student's t-test or Mann-Whitney test depending on data distribution.

The study is expected to generate robust quantitative data on the respiratory patterns of patients with suspected acute respiratory failure, contributing to the refinement of the device, the development of more accurate AI algorithms, and its safe and effective integration into clinical practice.

Conditions

See the medical conditions and disease areas that this research is targeting or investigating.

Patients at Risk of Acute Respiratory Failure

Study Design

Understand how the trial is structured, including allocation methods, masking strategies, primary purpose, and other design elements.

Observational Model Type

COHORT

Study Time Perspective

PROSPECTIVE

Study Groups

Review each arm or cohort in the study, along with the interventions and objectives associated with them.

Control Group - Healthy Individuals

Individuals without pulmonary impairment as confirmed through comprehensive respiratory assessment including pulmonary function testing (spirometry), respiratory muscle strength evaluation (manometry), and thorough medical history screening for previous respiratory or cardiopulmonary diseases. Participants must demonstrate normal lung function parameters, adequate respiratory muscle strength, and absence of any history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma, pneumonia, tuberculosis, or other conditions that could compromise respiratory function

Respiratory Pattern Monitoring

Intervention Type DIAGNOSTIC_TEST

Respiratory pattern assessment and continuous monitoring will be conducted utilizing the Respiratory Diagnostic Assistant, a device capable of providing comprehensive quantitative evaluation of respiratory variables including frequency, volume, flow rates, inspiratory/expiratory timing parameters, and respiratory entropy analysis, as well as qualitative analysis of respiratory pattern curves for volume and flow dynamics, incorporating entropy measurements for assessment of respiratory pattern complexity and variability.

Diaphragmatic Excursion

Intervention Type DIAGNOSTIC_TEST

Diaphragmatic mobility assessment will be conducted using diaphragmatic ultrasonography, a method capable of providing comprehensive quantitative evaluation of diaphragmatic excursion parameters including range of motion, contraction velocity, muscle thickening during inspiration and expiration, as well as qualitative analysis of diaphragm muscle morphology and echogenicity, incorporating craniocaudal displacement measurements for assessment of contractile function and early detection of diaphragmatic dysfunction."

Respiratory Muscle Strength

Intervention Type DIAGNOSTIC_TEST

Respiratory muscle strength assessment will be conducted using manovacuometry, a method capable of providing comprehensive quantitative evaluation of respiratory muscle force parameters including maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP) and maximal expiratory pressure (MEP), as well as qualitative analysis of contractile capacity and muscle endurance, incorporating peak pressure measurements and performance indices for assessment of global respiratory muscle function and early detection of muscle weakness

Pulmonary Function Assessment

Intervention Type DIAGNOSTIC_TEST

Pulmonary function assessment will be conducted using spirometry, a method capable of providing comprehensive quantitative evaluation of respiratory function parameters including forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), FEV1/FVC ratio, and forced expiratory flow 25-75% (FEF25-75%), as well as qualitative analysis of flow-volume and volume-time curves, incorporating lung capacity and volume measurements for assessment of respiratory mechanics and early detection of obstructive and restrictive ventilatory disorders."

Data Acquisition System

Intervention Type OTHER

The PowerLab C is a biomedical data acquisition system used as an auxiliary tool for physiological monitoring. In this study, it will be employed to collect respiratory signals and diaphragmatic excursion data through specific sensors, integrated with LabChart software for data visualization and analysis. The device is not considered an investigational intervention, but a supporting tool for data collection.

Borg Scale

Intervention Type OTHER

The Borg Scale is a standardized self-report instrument used to assess perceived exertion and breathlessness during physical activity. In this study, it will be applied to evaluate participants' perception of respiratory effort. The scale is used solely for data collection and is not considered a therapeutic intervention.

Patient Identification Questionnaire

Intervention Type OTHER

The Patient Identification Questionnaire is a standardized form used to collect sociodemographic and basic clinical information from participants, such as age, sex, and medical history. In this study, it will serve solely for data collection and will not constitute a therapeutic intervention.

Peak Expiratory Flow (PEF) Measurement

Intervention Type DIAGNOSTIC_TEST

Peak Expiratory Flow (PEF) measurement is a rapid and noninvasive method to assess the maximum expiratory volume a participant can achieve after a full inhalation. In this study, participants will be seated upright and use a mouthpiece connected to a peak flow meter. After a deep inspiration, they will exhale forcefully, and three measurements will be taken with at least one minute between attempts; the highest value will be recorded. PEF values provide an objective measure of airflow limitation, correlate with asthma symptoms, and will be used solely for data collection, not as a therapeutic intervention

Intervention Group - Patients at Risk of Acute Respiratory Failure

This group will consist of adult patients (≥18 years), of both sexes, seen in emergency departments, urgent care units, or walk-in clinics associated with the study, who are in spontaneous breathing, with or without supplemental oxygen, and present with respiratory complaints associated with the risk of acute respiratory failure. Participants will be assessed using a sociodemographic and clinical form, including their documented medical diagnosis. Respiratory pattern monitoring will be conducted using the Respiratory Diagnostic Assistant (RDA) device, diaphragmatic mobility will be evaluated via ultrasonography, and muscle electrical activity will be assessed through surface electromyography. When clinically appropriate, pulmonary function tests and respiratory muscle strength assessments will also be performed, in accordance with the recommendations of the American Thoracic Society and the European Respiratory Society.

Respiratory Pattern Monitoring

Intervention Type DIAGNOSTIC_TEST

Respiratory pattern assessment and continuous monitoring will be conducted utilizing the Respiratory Diagnostic Assistant, a device capable of providing comprehensive quantitative evaluation of respiratory variables including frequency, volume, flow rates, inspiratory/expiratory timing parameters, and respiratory entropy analysis, as well as qualitative analysis of respiratory pattern curves for volume and flow dynamics, incorporating entropy measurements for assessment of respiratory pattern complexity and variability.

Diaphragmatic Excursion

Intervention Type DIAGNOSTIC_TEST

Diaphragmatic mobility assessment will be conducted using diaphragmatic ultrasonography, a method capable of providing comprehensive quantitative evaluation of diaphragmatic excursion parameters including range of motion, contraction velocity, muscle thickening during inspiration and expiration, as well as qualitative analysis of diaphragm muscle morphology and echogenicity, incorporating craniocaudal displacement measurements for assessment of contractile function and early detection of diaphragmatic dysfunction."

Respiratory muscle electrical activity

Intervention Type DIAGNOSTIC_TEST

espiratory muscle electrical activity assessment will be conducted using surface electromyography, a method capable of providing comprehensive quantitative evaluation of muscle activation parameters including electrical signal amplitude, firing frequency, muscle recruitment patterns during inspiration and expiration, as well as qualitative analysis of synchronization and coordination between respiratory muscles, incorporating Root Mean Square (RMS) measurements and spectral analysis for assessment of respiratory neuromuscular function and detection of muscle fatigue.

Respiratory Muscle Strength

Intervention Type DIAGNOSTIC_TEST

Respiratory muscle strength assessment will be conducted using manovacuometry, a method capable of providing comprehensive quantitative evaluation of respiratory muscle force parameters including maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP) and maximal expiratory pressure (MEP), as well as qualitative analysis of contractile capacity and muscle endurance, incorporating peak pressure measurements and performance indices for assessment of global respiratory muscle function and early detection of muscle weakness

Pulmonary Function Assessment

Intervention Type DIAGNOSTIC_TEST

Pulmonary function assessment will be conducted using spirometry, a method capable of providing comprehensive quantitative evaluation of respiratory function parameters including forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), FEV1/FVC ratio, and forced expiratory flow 25-75% (FEF25-75%), as well as qualitative analysis of flow-volume and volume-time curves, incorporating lung capacity and volume measurements for assessment of respiratory mechanics and early detection of obstructive and restrictive ventilatory disorders."

Data Acquisition System

Intervention Type OTHER

The PowerLab C is a biomedical data acquisition system used as an auxiliary tool for physiological monitoring. In this study, it will be employed to collect respiratory signals and diaphragmatic excursion data through specific sensors, integrated with LabChart software for data visualization and analysis. The device is not considered an investigational intervention, but a supporting tool for data collection.

Nijmegen Questionnaire

Intervention Type OTHER

The Nijmegen Questionnaire is a standardized self-report instrument designed to assess symptoms related to dysfunctional breathing and hyperventilation. In this study, it will be administered to evaluate respiratory symptoms and their impact on participants' daily life. The questionnaire is used solely for data collection and is not considered a therapeutic intervention.

System Usability Scale (SUS)

Intervention Type OTHER

The System Usability Scale (SUS) is a standardized questionnaire used to evaluate the usability and user experience of systems and devices. In this study, it will be applied to assess participants' perceptions of the usability of an intelligent respiratory monitoring system. The SUS will be used solely as a data collection tool and does not constitute a therapeutic intervention.

Borg Scale

Intervention Type OTHER

The Borg Scale is a standardized self-report instrument used to assess perceived exertion and breathlessness during physical activity. In this study, it will be applied to evaluate participants' perception of respiratory effort. The scale is used solely for data collection and is not considered a therapeutic intervention.

Patient Identification Questionnaire

Intervention Type OTHER

The Patient Identification Questionnaire is a standardized form used to collect sociodemographic and basic clinical information from participants, such as age, sex, and medical history. In this study, it will serve solely for data collection and will not constitute a therapeutic intervention.

Peak Expiratory Flow (PEF) Measurement

Intervention Type DIAGNOSTIC_TEST

Peak Expiratory Flow (PEF) measurement is a rapid and noninvasive method to assess the maximum expiratory volume a participant can achieve after a full inhalation. In this study, participants will be seated upright and use a mouthpiece connected to a peak flow meter. After a deep inspiration, they will exhale forcefully, and three measurements will be taken with at least one minute between attempts; the highest value will be recorded. PEF values provide an objective measure of airflow limitation, correlate with asthma symptoms, and will be used solely for data collection, not as a therapeutic intervention

Interventions

Learn about the drugs, procedures, or behavioral strategies being tested and how they are applied within this trial.

Respiratory Pattern Monitoring

Respiratory pattern assessment and continuous monitoring will be conducted utilizing the Respiratory Diagnostic Assistant, a device capable of providing comprehensive quantitative evaluation of respiratory variables including frequency, volume, flow rates, inspiratory/expiratory timing parameters, and respiratory entropy analysis, as well as qualitative analysis of respiratory pattern curves for volume and flow dynamics, incorporating entropy measurements for assessment of respiratory pattern complexity and variability.

Intervention Type DIAGNOSTIC_TEST

Diaphragmatic Excursion

Diaphragmatic mobility assessment will be conducted using diaphragmatic ultrasonography, a method capable of providing comprehensive quantitative evaluation of diaphragmatic excursion parameters including range of motion, contraction velocity, muscle thickening during inspiration and expiration, as well as qualitative analysis of diaphragm muscle morphology and echogenicity, incorporating craniocaudal displacement measurements for assessment of contractile function and early detection of diaphragmatic dysfunction."

Intervention Type DIAGNOSTIC_TEST

Respiratory muscle electrical activity

espiratory muscle electrical activity assessment will be conducted using surface electromyography, a method capable of providing comprehensive quantitative evaluation of muscle activation parameters including electrical signal amplitude, firing frequency, muscle recruitment patterns during inspiration and expiration, as well as qualitative analysis of synchronization and coordination between respiratory muscles, incorporating Root Mean Square (RMS) measurements and spectral analysis for assessment of respiratory neuromuscular function and detection of muscle fatigue.

Intervention Type DIAGNOSTIC_TEST

Respiratory Muscle Strength

Respiratory muscle strength assessment will be conducted using manovacuometry, a method capable of providing comprehensive quantitative evaluation of respiratory muscle force parameters including maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP) and maximal expiratory pressure (MEP), as well as qualitative analysis of contractile capacity and muscle endurance, incorporating peak pressure measurements and performance indices for assessment of global respiratory muscle function and early detection of muscle weakness

Intervention Type DIAGNOSTIC_TEST

Pulmonary Function Assessment

Pulmonary function assessment will be conducted using spirometry, a method capable of providing comprehensive quantitative evaluation of respiratory function parameters including forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), FEV1/FVC ratio, and forced expiratory flow 25-75% (FEF25-75%), as well as qualitative analysis of flow-volume and volume-time curves, incorporating lung capacity and volume measurements for assessment of respiratory mechanics and early detection of obstructive and restrictive ventilatory disorders."

Intervention Type DIAGNOSTIC_TEST

Data Acquisition System

The PowerLab C is a biomedical data acquisition system used as an auxiliary tool for physiological monitoring. In this study, it will be employed to collect respiratory signals and diaphragmatic excursion data through specific sensors, integrated with LabChart software for data visualization and analysis. The device is not considered an investigational intervention, but a supporting tool for data collection.

Intervention Type OTHER

Nijmegen Questionnaire

The Nijmegen Questionnaire is a standardized self-report instrument designed to assess symptoms related to dysfunctional breathing and hyperventilation. In this study, it will be administered to evaluate respiratory symptoms and their impact on participants' daily life. The questionnaire is used solely for data collection and is not considered a therapeutic intervention.

Intervention Type OTHER

System Usability Scale (SUS)

The System Usability Scale (SUS) is a standardized questionnaire used to evaluate the usability and user experience of systems and devices. In this study, it will be applied to assess participants' perceptions of the usability of an intelligent respiratory monitoring system. The SUS will be used solely as a data collection tool and does not constitute a therapeutic intervention.

Intervention Type OTHER

Borg Scale

The Borg Scale is a standardized self-report instrument used to assess perceived exertion and breathlessness during physical activity. In this study, it will be applied to evaluate participants' perception of respiratory effort. The scale is used solely for data collection and is not considered a therapeutic intervention.

Intervention Type OTHER

Patient Identification Questionnaire

The Patient Identification Questionnaire is a standardized form used to collect sociodemographic and basic clinical information from participants, such as age, sex, and medical history. In this study, it will serve solely for data collection and will not constitute a therapeutic intervention.

Intervention Type OTHER

Peak Expiratory Flow (PEF) Measurement

Peak Expiratory Flow (PEF) measurement is a rapid and noninvasive method to assess the maximum expiratory volume a participant can achieve after a full inhalation. In this study, participants will be seated upright and use a mouthpiece connected to a peak flow meter. After a deep inspiration, they will exhale forcefully, and three measurements will be taken with at least one minute between attempts; the highest value will be recorded. PEF values provide an objective measure of airflow limitation, correlate with asthma symptoms, and will be used solely for data collection, not as a therapeutic intervention

Intervention Type DIAGNOSTIC_TEST

Eligibility Criteria

Check the participation requirements, including inclusion and exclusion rules, age limits, and whether healthy volunteers are accepted.

Inclusion Criteria

* Volunteers and patients of both sexes
* Age greater than or equal to 18 years
* Spontaneous breathing
* Patients awaiting care in emergency departments, urgent care units, and emergency services
* Presence of complaints associated with respiratory difficulty
* Patients at risk of acute respiratory failure
* With or without supplemental oxygen therapy
* Ability to remain without oxygen therapy for a minimum period of three minutes

Exclusion Criteria

* Psychomotor agitation
* Anxiety validated through qualitative assessment
* Poor mask fit and/or presence of air leaks
* Facial fracture or trauma
* Refusal to participate in the study or sign the informed consent form
* Contraindications to performing manovacuometry and spirometry, when appropriate, according to the recommendations of the American Thoracic Society and European Respiratory Society (Graham et al., 2019)
Minimum Eligible Age

18 Years

Maximum Eligible Age

90 Years

Eligible Sex

ALL

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Sponsors

Meet the organizations funding or collaborating on the study and learn about their roles.

Fundação de Amparo à Ciência e Tecnologia de Pernambuco

OTHER

Sponsor Role collaborator

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico

OTHER_GOV

Sponsor Role collaborator

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior.

OTHER_GOV

Sponsor Role collaborator

University of Pernambuco

OTHER

Sponsor Role lead

Responsible Party

Identify the individual or organization who holds primary responsibility for the study information submitted to regulators.

Shirley Lima Campos

PhD

Responsibility Role PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Locations

Explore where the study is taking place and check the recruitment status at each participating site.

Emergency Care Unit from Engenho Velho

Jaboatão dos Guararapes, Pernambuco, Brazil

Site Status

Department of Physical Therapy

Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil

Site Status

Otávio de Freitas Hospital

Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil

Site Status

Countries

Review the countries where the study has at least one active or historical site.

Brazil

Related Links

Access external resources that provide additional context or updates about the study.

https://doi.org/10.55905/rcssv13n1-030

Development and validation of a respiratory pattern analysis system for Post-COVID-19 patients

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38432693/

Diagnosis and Epidemiology of Acute Respiratory Failure

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34476405/

Biomarker-Based Classification of Patients With Acute Respiratory Failure Into Inflammatory Subphenotypes: A Single-Center Exploratory Study

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23344830/

Sonographic evaluation of the diaphragm in critically ill patients. Technique and clinical applications

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40423964/

Leveraging intrinsic non-sinusoidal patterns to infer search behavior to predict exposure to respiratory stressors

Other Identifiers

Review additional registry numbers or institutional identifiers associated with this trial.

7.741.786

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id

More Related Trials

Additional clinical trials that may be relevant based on similarity analysis.

Evaluation of COPD Co-Pilot
NCT02944591 UNKNOWN
Breathing Exercises on Lung Function
NCT06472167 RECRUITING NA