The Impact of Video Education on Pain and Anxiety in Patients Undergoing Transrectal Ultrasonography-Guided Prostate Biopsy
NCT ID: NCT07156747
Last Updated: 2025-09-05
Study Results
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Basic Information
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COMPLETED
NA
223 participants
INTERVENTIONAL
2023-12-10
2025-05-20
Brief Summary
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Participants were allocated to three groups: control (verbal information), video (verbal information accompanied by dynamic video), and image (verbal information supplemented by static images). Pain intensity was quantified utilizing the Visual Analog Scale (VAS), while anxiety was evaluated with the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) prior to and following the surgery.
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Detailed Description
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Although categorized as a minimally invasive technique, TRUS-Bx can induce significant psychological anguish in patients. Pre-procedural anxiety is prevalent and can stem from various factors: dread of discomfort related with the biopsy, concern regarding a possible cancer diagnosis, and lack of familiarity or misunderstanding about the biopsy procedure. This worry is not solely an emotional concern; it can negatively impact physiological metrics such as blood pressure and heart rate, heighten the perceived discomfort during the surgery, and diminish patient compliance. Furthermore, elevated anxiety levels are associated with diminished patient satisfaction and can adversely affect patients' readiness to pursue essential medical procedures in the future, potentially resulting in long-term health repercussions.
Reducing preoperative anxiety is essential for patient-centered treatment in procedural medicine. Effective educational interventions have demonstrated the capacity to alleviate anxiety by improving patient comprehension and establishing reasonable expectations. Conventional approaches encompass oral elucidations by healthcare professionals and printed pamphlets, whose efficacy fluctuates owing to disparities in literacy, attention, and retention among patients. Visual aids, particularly educational movies, provide a multimodal learning experience by integrating aural narrative with dynamic visuals, which may enhance understanding and engagement.
Prior studies on diverse medical procedures, including colonoscopy, endoscopy, and small surgical interventions, have shown that video-based teaching can markedly boost patients' understanding, alleviate anxiety, and improve overall satisfaction with the care experience. Nonetheless, despite the prevalent application of TRUS-Bx, there is a scarcity of data investigating the particular influence of video education in this domain. Moreover, it is uncertain whether dynamic video content (e.g., animated or actual procedural footage) provides benefits over static visuals or verbal information alone in mitigating anxiety and perceived pain associated with prostate biopsy.
Moreover, due to the growing accessibility of internet video platforms such as YouTube, individuals frequently pursue information autonomously before undergoing medical operations. Although this can empower patients, the quality and accuracy of such content fluctuate significantly, potentially affecting their psychological condition in unforeseen manners.
Research Aim
This study seeks to systematically assess the impact of pre-procedural video education regarding TRUS-Bx on patients' anxiety and subjective pain levels. The researchers aim to compare the impact of dynamic, detailed videos-akin to those found on popular platforms such as YouTube-with static image displays or traditional spoken therapy. The fundamental premise posits that exposure to extensive, dynamic video information before biopsy will adequately prepare patients by clarifying the technique, therefore alleviating psychological discomfort and enhancing their overall experience.
This study aims to clarify the function of video-based instructional aids in the clinical environment, intending to guide best practices for patient education and aid in the formulation of standardized procedures to enhance patient-centered outcomes in prostate cancer diagnosis.
Conditions
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Study Design
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NON_RANDOMIZED
PARALLEL
SUPPORTIVE_CARE
NONE
Study Groups
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Control Group
The control group received verbal information regarding the biopsy procedure.
Visual Analog Scale
The Visual Analog Scale (VAS) is a linear instrument employed to measure perceived pain intensity, spanning from 0 (indicating no pain) to 10 (representing the most severe pain), where patients indicate the level that most accurately represents their experience.
State-Trait Anxiety Inventory
The STAI is a self-administered questionnaire with two parts: STAI-1 measures state anxiety, representing a transient emotional state triggered by a particular circumstance, while STAI-2 examines trait anxiety, denoting a consistent predisposition to experience anxiety across diverse situations.
Video Group
The Video Group viewed a brief video about TRUS-Bx that was sourced from a frequently utilized video-sharing platform.
Visual Analog Scale
The Visual Analog Scale (VAS) is a linear instrument employed to measure perceived pain intensity, spanning from 0 (indicating no pain) to 10 (representing the most severe pain), where patients indicate the level that most accurately represents their experience.
State-Trait Anxiety Inventory
The STAI is a self-administered questionnaire with two parts: STAI-1 measures state anxiety, representing a transient emotional state triggered by a particular circumstance, while STAI-2 examines trait anxiety, denoting a consistent predisposition to experience anxiety across diverse situations.
Video
watching video on Digital Platfrom (for example, Youtube)
Image Group
The image group (Image Group) was provided with information and still images that depicted the biopsy procedure.
Visual Analog Scale
The Visual Analog Scale (VAS) is a linear instrument employed to measure perceived pain intensity, spanning from 0 (indicating no pain) to 10 (representing the most severe pain), where patients indicate the level that most accurately represents their experience.
State-Trait Anxiety Inventory
The STAI is a self-administered questionnaire with two parts: STAI-1 measures state anxiety, representing a transient emotional state triggered by a particular circumstance, while STAI-2 examines trait anxiety, denoting a consistent predisposition to experience anxiety across diverse situations.
Image
Prostate biopsy information with images
Interventions
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Visual Analog Scale
The Visual Analog Scale (VAS) is a linear instrument employed to measure perceived pain intensity, spanning from 0 (indicating no pain) to 10 (representing the most severe pain), where patients indicate the level that most accurately represents their experience.
State-Trait Anxiety Inventory
The STAI is a self-administered questionnaire with two parts: STAI-1 measures state anxiety, representing a transient emotional state triggered by a particular circumstance, while STAI-2 examines trait anxiety, denoting a consistent predisposition to experience anxiety across diverse situations.
Video
watching video on Digital Platfrom (for example, Youtube)
Image
Prostate biopsy information with images
Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria
* Elevated prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels and/or suspicious digital rectal examination (DRE) findings
* Literacy and comprehension
Exclusion Criteria
* Cognitive or psychiatric disorders
* Using anxiolytic medications
* After being informed, declining to participate in the study
50 Years
80 Years
MALE
No
Sponsors
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Ankara Etlik City Hospital
OTHER_GOV
Responsible Party
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Fatih SANDIKCI
Dr. Fatih SANDIKCI, Urology Specialist, Principal Investigator
Locations
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Ankara Etlik City Hospital
Ankara, Yenimahalle, Turkey (Türkiye)
Countries
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References
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Tarhan H, Cakmak O, Unal E, Akarken I, Un S, Ekin RG, Konyalioglu E, Isoglu CS, Zorlu F. The effect of video-based education on patient anxiety in men undergoing transrectal prostate biopsy. Can Urol Assoc J. 2014 Nov;8(11-12):E894-900. doi: 10.5489/cuaj.2208.
Sheng LP, Han CQ, Nie C, Xu T, Zhang K, Li XJ, Xie XR, Lin R, Ding Z. Watching Videos of Colonoscopies and Receiving Interpretations Reduce Pain and Anxiety While Increasing the Satisfaction of Patients. Dig Dis Sci. 2021 Feb;66(2):541-546. doi: 10.1007/s10620-020-06186-6. Epub 2020 Mar 19.
Bujnowska-Fedak MM, Wegierek P. The Impact of Online Health Information on Patient Health Behaviours and Making Decisions Concerning Health. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Jan 31;17(3):880. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17030880.
Monteiro Grilo A, Ferreira AC, Pedro Ramos M, Carolino E, Filipa Pires A, Vieira L. Effectiveness of educational videos on patient's preparation for diagnostic procedures: Systematic review and Meta-Analysis. Prev Med Rep. 2022 Jul 5;28:101895. doi: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2022.101895. eCollection 2022 Aug.
Sefik E, Gunlusoy B, Eker A, Celik S, Ceylan Y, Koskderelioglu A, Basmaci I, Degirmenci T. Anxiety and depression associated with a positive prostate biopsy result: A comparative, prospective cohort study. Int Braz J Urol. 2020 Nov-Dec;46(6):993-1005. doi: 10.1590/S1677-5538.IBJU.2019.0719.
Provided Documents
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Document Type: Study Protocol and Statistical Analysis Plan
Document Type: Informed Consent Form
Other Identifiers
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AESH-U-FS-01
Identifier Type: -
Identifier Source: org_study_id
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