The Effect of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT)-Based Psychoeducation on Cognitive Flexibility and Rumination in the Elderly

Study Results

Results pending

The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.

Basic Information

Get a concise snapshot of the trial, including recruitment status, study phase, enrollment targets, and key timeline milestones.

Recruitment Status

NOT_YET_RECRUITING

Clinical Phase

NA

Total Enrollment

38 participants

Study Classification

INTERVENTIONAL

Study Start Date

2025-09-01

Study Completion Date

2026-06-15

Brief Summary

Review the sponsor-provided synopsis that highlights what the study is about and why it is being conducted.

This study aimed to investigate the effect of psychoeducation on rumination and cognitive flexibility in elderly individuals residing in nursing homes. Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT)-based psychoeducation has recently been applied to multiple specific groups around the world and in our country. In general, executive functioning skills and, more specifically, cognitive flexibility appear to be important for the ability to use certain CBT techniques; however, considering that these skills naturally decline with age, further research is needed. It is anticipated that the results of this study will contribute to applications in the field of psychiatric nursing.

Related Clinical Trials

Explore similar clinical trials based on study characteristics and research focus.

The Effect of Psychoeducation Program Applied to Older Adults Based on Psychosocial Development Theory on Self-critical Rumination, Self-esteem and Psychological Well-being

NCT07274592

Older Adults (65 Years and Older)

ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING NA

Evaluation of the Effect of Memory-based Reminiscence Therapy

NCT07073443

Dementia Memory, Short-Term

ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING NA

Effect of Reminiscence Therapy on Older Adults

NCT05635058

Nurse's Role

COMPLETED NA

Impact of Sociodemographic, Psychological, and Quality of Life Factors on Dual-Task Performance in Elderly Iraqis

NCT06476561

Cognitive Dysfunction Motor Skills Disorders Aging

COMPLETED

Vestibular-Based Exercises vs. Calisthenic Exercises for Cognitive Functions

NCT05925582

Cognitive Change

COMPLETED NA

Detailed Description

Dive into the extended narrative that explains the scientific background, objectives, and procedures in greater depth.

Aging causes neuroanatomical and physiological changes that affect cognitive processes such as memory, attention, and executive functions. Positive developments in healthcare worldwide, along with increasing socioeconomic levels and declining birth rates, have led to an increase in the elderly population. Our country, like many other countries around the world, is one of the rapidly aging countries. With the increase in the elderly population, the needs specific to the elderly are increasing, and it is inevitable to encounter a series of problems.

As age increases, the cognitive abilities of older adults decline. Research shows that working memory and long-term memory abilities decline, as do reasoning ability, processing speed, executive function, and attention control. As a result, individuals' quality of life, independence, and daily activities such as planning medication and grocery shopping may be negatively affected.

Cognitive flexibility plays a fundamental role in the ability to adapt to constantly changing environments and is associated with various goal-directed behaviors, including creativity, problem solving, multitasking, and decision making. Cognitive flexibility and the underlying processes (executive functions) have also been linked to self- and emotional regulation, as well as mental health outcomes. Cognitive flexibility refers to the ability to change one's cognitive organization, thinking, or attention in order to perceive, process, or respond to situations in different ways. The skills required for cognitive restructuring closely align with those related to cognitive flexibility. Cognitive flexibility encompasses the ability to generate diverse ideas, evaluate response alternatives, and modify behavior and cognition in response to changing environmental demands. These processes appear to be important for the successful implementation of cognitive restructuring, which requires the individual to identify negative automatic thoughts, generate evidence that contradicts these thoughts, and then produce a more adaptive or helpful way of interpreting the situation.

Rumination is associated with inflexible cognitive and emotional processes. Various characteristics of rumination-related thinking, including its negative value content, abstract level of interpretation, and passive approach to problem-solving, may also contribute to its maladaptive outcomes.

In order to successfully carry out daily activities, it is necessary to be able to flexibly switch from one behavior to another. This skill is referred to as cognitive flexibility. Individuals who ruminate experience cognitive rigidity by getting stuck on a certain thought and find it difficult to change the behaviors they focus on. At the same time, cognitive rigidity is also thought to be the underlying cause of repetitive thinking patterns in rumination. It is well known that mental rumination, a negative and evaluative mode of repetitive thinking, is the main psychological process that accelerates and sustains depressive mood. In this context, rumination may be a variable that predicts cognitive flexibility. In particular, perseverative thinking styles have been found to negatively affect the ability to learn cognitive restructuring. Further research is needed to clarify whether older adults with weak cognitive flexibility can develop their cognitive restructuring skills through repetition rather than treatment, or whether alternative skills should be considered.

To date, there has been little research examining whether declines in cognitive abilities have an impact on overall treatment outcomes or the acquisition of specific therapeutic skills. Given the aging of the world's population, it is important to focus more research on understanding the impact of age-related cognitive changes in older adults on the treatment of mental health problems. This study will focus on cognitive flexibility and rumination, which are processes responsible for producing changes in behavior and thought in dynamic contexts and are subject to fluctuations and rapid changes.

Conditions

See the medical conditions and disease areas that this research is targeting or investigating.

Cognitive Flexibility Rumination Elderly (People Aged 65 or More) Psychoeducation

Study Design

Understand how the trial is structured, including allocation methods, masking strategies, primary purpose, and other design elements.

Allocation Method

RANDOMIZED

Intervention Model

PARALLEL

This study is planned to be conducted using a randomized controlled, pre-test-post-test, control group, and 1-month follow-up test experimental study design.To prevent contamination between groups, data collection for the intervention and control groups will be conducted at different times, except for the pre-test stage, which will be administered simultaneously by an independent assessor. The control group will not be subject to any intervention during the study period, but will be offered the psychoeducation programme after the study is completed if they wish.

Primary Study Purpose

TREATMENT

Blinding Strategy

DOUBLE

Participants Outcome Assessors

During the pre-test phase, both the participants and the independent evaluators will be unaware of the group distribution. The allocation of group assignments will be determined subsequent to the completion of baseline assessments. Following randomisation, participants will be informed of the group distribution due to the nature of the psychoeducational intervention; however, the baseline assessment results will be conducted blindly.

Study Groups

Review each arm or cohort in the study, along with the interventions and objectives associated with them.

Intervention Group: Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT)-Based Psychoeducation Program

Participants in this group will receive a cognitive-behavioral psychoeducation program aimed at improving cognitive flexibility and reducing rumination. Pre-test assessments will be conducted before group allocation.

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

Cognitive Behavioral Approach-Based Psychoeducation Program

Intervention Type BEHAVIORAL

Intervention Group: Cognitive Behavioral Approach-Based Psychoeducation Program Participants will receive a cognitive-behavioral psychoeducation program designed to improve cognitive flexibility and reduce rumination. The sessions include structured activities, discussions, and exercises based on cognitive-behavioral principles. Pre-test assessments will be conducted before group allocation.

Control Group: No intervention will be provided during the study period. Participants will complete pre-test assessments administered by an independent evaluator. After the study concludes, control group participants will be offered the opportunity to participate in the psychoeducation program if they wish.

Control Group: Usual Care (Standard Nursing Home Care)

Participants in this group will not be subject to any intervention during the study period. Pre-test assessments will be conducted by an independent evaluator simultaneously with the intervention group. Upon completion of the study, control group participants will be offered the opportunity to participate in the psycho-education program if they wish.

Group Type NO_INTERVENTION

No interventions assigned to this group

Interventions

Learn about the drugs, procedures, or behavioral strategies being tested and how they are applied within this trial.

Cognitive Behavioral Approach-Based Psychoeducation Program

Intervention Group: Cognitive Behavioral Approach-Based Psychoeducation Program Participants will receive a cognitive-behavioral psychoeducation program designed to improve cognitive flexibility and reduce rumination. The sessions include structured activities, discussions, and exercises based on cognitive-behavioral principles. Pre-test assessments will be conducted before group allocation.

Control Group: No intervention will be provided during the study period. Participants will complete pre-test assessments administered by an independent evaluator. After the study concludes, control group participants will be offered the opportunity to participate in the psychoeducation program if they wish.

Intervention Type BEHAVIORAL

Eligibility Criteria

Check the participation requirements, including inclusion and exclusion rules, age limits, and whether healthy volunteers are accepted.

Inclusion Criteria

* Be 65 years of age or older,
* Be willing to participate in the study,
* Not have hearing or vision problems that would prevent understanding the training to be provided,
* Have communication and comprehension skills,
* Be literate,
* Have a Standardized Mini Mental Test score between 25 and 30 points.

Exclusion Criteria

* Having any hearing or vision problems.
* Having physical, neurological, or psychological health problems that could disrupt group harmony and integrity.
* Having an illness or problem that could prevent them from responding to the measurement tools used in the study.
* Having a Standardized Mini Mental Test score below 25.

Minimum Eligible Age

65 Years

Eligible Sex

ALL

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No