Comparing Post-intravitreal Injection Pain Scores Using Loteprednol, Bromfenac Sodium, and Artificial Tears Over a 24-hour Period

NCT ID: NCT07090044

Last Updated: 2025-07-29

Study Results

Results pending

The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.

Basic Information

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Recruitment Status

COMPLETED

Clinical Phase

PHASE4

Total Enrollment

77 participants

Study Classification

INTERVENTIONAL

Study Start Date

2021-08-20

Study Completion Date

2022-12-08

Brief Summary

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The goal of this clinical trial is to learn how various topical drops (bromfenac, loteprednol, and artificial tears) fare in alleviating post-intravitreal injection pain. The main questions it aims to answer are:

\- Do bromfenac sodium and/or loteprednol etabonate improve post-injection pain scores compared to preservative-free artificial tears?

Participants will:

* Receive one drop of the topical drops five minutes prior to their regularly scheduled intravitreal injection. Depending on the treatment arm, they will also administer drops on their own at home up to 3 times per day on the day of their procedure.
* They will answer a standardized pain score survey at 4 hours and 24 hours following their intravitreal injection and convey their results to study coordinators by phone.

Detailed Description

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Conditions

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Vein Occlusion Macular Degeneration Choroidal Neovascularization Macular Edema Diabetic Retinopathy

Study Design

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Allocation Method

RANDOMIZED

Intervention Model

PARALLEL

Primary Study Purpose

PREVENTION

Blinding Strategy

NONE

Study Groups

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Artificial Tears

Propylene Glycol Preservative-free artificial tears is a placebo comparator to be adminstered in the eye receiving the standard of care intravitreal injection.

Group Type PLACEBO_COMPARATOR

Propylene Glycol Preservative-free Artificial Tears

Intervention Type DRUG

Propylene Glycol Preservative-free Artificial Tears is a placebo compartor administered as one topical drop three times daily on the day of the regularly scheduled standard of care intravitreal injection. The first drop administered 5 minutes prior to the intravitreal injection.

Bromfenac

Bromfenac sodium 0.07% is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug to be administered as a topical drop in the eye receiving the standard of care intravitreal injection.

Group Type ACTIVE_COMPARATOR

Bromfenac Sodium 0.07%

Intervention Type DRUG

Bromfenac sodium 0.07% is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug to be administered as one topical drop, one time 5 minutes prior to the regularly scheduled standard of care intravitreal injection.

Loteprednol

Loteprednol etabonate ophthalmic gel 0.38% is a steroidal drug to be administered as a topical drop in the eye receiving the standard of care intravitreal injection.

Group Type ACTIVE_COMPARATOR

Loteprednol Etabonate 0.38% Ophthalmic Gel/Jelly

Intervention Type DRUG

Loteprednol etabonate 0.38% ophthalmic gel is a steroidal drug to be administered as one topical drop three times daily on the day of the regularly scheduled standard of care intravitreal injection. The first drop administered 5 minutes prior to the intravitreal injection.

Interventions

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Bromfenac Sodium 0.07%

Bromfenac sodium 0.07% is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug to be administered as one topical drop, one time 5 minutes prior to the regularly scheduled standard of care intravitreal injection.

Intervention Type DRUG

Loteprednol Etabonate 0.38% Ophthalmic Gel/Jelly

Loteprednol etabonate 0.38% ophthalmic gel is a steroidal drug to be administered as one topical drop three times daily on the day of the regularly scheduled standard of care intravitreal injection. The first drop administered 5 minutes prior to the intravitreal injection.

Intervention Type DRUG

Propylene Glycol Preservative-free Artificial Tears

Propylene Glycol Preservative-free Artificial Tears is a placebo compartor administered as one topical drop three times daily on the day of the regularly scheduled standard of care intravitreal injection. The first drop administered 5 minutes prior to the intravitreal injection.

Intervention Type DRUG

Eligibility Criteria

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Inclusion Criteria

* Standard of Care Treatment with intravitreal injection
* History of at least 1 anti-VEGF injection in the 90 days prior to inclusion
* Less than 13 intravitreal injection in the 365 days prior to inclusion

Exclusion Criteria

* History of autoimmune disease, graft versus host disease, neurotrophic corneal disease, contact lens use, keratitis, fibromyalgia, uveitis, herpetic ocular disease
* Drug allergy to any drug components
* History of any ocular surgery in the 30 days prior to inclusion
* Current topical corticosteroid or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID)
Minimum Eligible Age

18 Years

Eligible Sex

ALL

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Sponsors

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Bausch & Lomb Incorporated

INDUSTRY

Sponsor Role collaborator

Retina Research Institute, LLC

OTHER

Sponsor Role lead

Responsible Party

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Responsibility Role SPONSOR

Principal Investigators

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Sabin Dang, MD

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Retina Research Institute, LLC

Locations

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The Retina Institute

St Louis, Missouri, United States

Site Status

Countries

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United States

References

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SakallioGlu AK, Kaya S, GarIp R, Guclu H. COMPARISON OF THE EFFECTS OF EIGHT DIFFERENT TOPICAL NONSTEROIDAL ANTI-INFLAMMATORY DRUGS ON REDUCING INTRAVITREAL INJECTION-INDUCED PAIN. Retina. 2024 Jul 1;44(7):1196-1202. doi: 10.1097/IAE.0000000000004085.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 38437826 (View on PubMed)

Lee DH, Kim M, Choi EY, Chin HS, Kim M. Efficacy of Pretreatment with Preservative-Free Topical Bromfenac in Improving Post-Intravitreal-Injection Pain: A Prospective Pilot Study. J Clin Med. 2022 Jul 18;11(14):4172. doi: 10.3390/jcm11144172.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 35887936 (View on PubMed)

Rifkin L, Schaal S. Shortening ocular pain duration following intravitreal injections. Eur J Ophthalmol. 2012 Nov-Dec;22(6):1008-12. doi: 10.5301/ejo.5000147. Epub 2012 Apr 24.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 22562296 (View on PubMed)

Shtayer C, Lily Okrent Smolar A, Elmalak M, Abayev L, Grzybowski A, Moisseiev E. Post-Intravitreal injection pain reduction using topical NSAIDS: A comparative study. Eur J Ophthalmol. 2025 Sep;35(5):1703-1709. doi: 10.1177/11206721231201176. Epub 2023 Sep 10.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 37691285 (View on PubMed)

Georgakopoulos CD, Tsapardoni F, Makri OE. EFFECT OF BROMFENAC ON PAIN RELATED TO INTRAVITREAL INJECTIONS: A Randomized Crossover Study. Retina. 2017 Feb;37(2):388-395. doi: 10.1097/IAE.0000000000001137.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 27442130 (View on PubMed)

Popovic MM, Muni RH, Nichani P, Kertes PJ. Topical Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs for Pain Resulting from Intravitreal Injections: A Meta-Analysis. Ophthalmol Retina. 2020 May;4(5):461-470. doi: 10.1016/j.oret.2020.01.024. Epub 2020 Feb 13.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 32199867 (View on PubMed)

Other Identifiers

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19928

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id

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