Efficacy and Safety of Sirolimus With or Without Cyclosporin A in Chinese Patients With Aplastic Anemia Refractory/Intolerant to Cyclosporin A

NCT ID: NCT06802055

Last Updated: 2025-06-04

Basic Information

• Recruitment Status: RECRUITING
• Clinical Phase: PHASE2
• Total Enrollment: 40 participants
• Study Classification: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Start Date: 2025-01-25
• Study Completion Date: 2027-01-31

Brief Summary

This is a single center, randomized, open-label, phase II study to compare the efficacy of sirolimus combined with cyclosporin A (CsA) to sirolimus alone in Chinese subjects with aplastic anemia refractory/intolerant to CsA. The safety would also be evaluated. Patients would be randomized to receive sirolimus alone or sirolimus combined with CsA at a 1:3 ratio. Treatment with sirolimus will be started at 1-3 mg once daily orally, with a target trough blood concentration of 4-12 ng/ml. CsA will be given at 25-150 mg orally every 12 hours, with the dose adjusted based on renal function and trough concentration. For patients with normal renal function, the target trough concentration is approximately 150 ng/ml. For patients with impaired renal function, the cyclosporine A dose is reduced to 25-50 mg every 12 hours, aiming for recovery or stabilization of renal function. The hematological response rate and safety will be recorded and compared at 3 and 6 months after starting the study treatment (Week 13 and 25).

Conditions

Aplastic Anaemia

Study Design

• Allocation Method: RANDOMIZED
• Intervention Model: PARALLEL
• Primary Study Purpose: TREATMENT
• Blinding Strategy: NONE

Study Groups

Sirolimus + cyclosporin A

Group Type: EXPERIMENTAL

Sirolimus (Rapamune®)

Intervention Type: DRUG

Sirolimus 1-3 mg once daily orally, with a target trough blood concentration of 4-12 ng/ml.

Cyclosporin A (CsA)

Intervention Type: DRUG

Cyclosporine A 25-150 mg orally every 12 hours, with the dose adjusted based on renal function and trough concentration. For patients with normal renal function, the target trough concentration is approximately 150 ng/ml. For patients with impaired renal function, the cyclosporine A dose is reduced to 25-50 mg every 12 hours, aiming for recovery or stabilization of renal function.

Sirolimus

Group Type: PLACEBO_COMPARATOR

Sirolimus (Rapamune®)

Intervention Type: DRUG

Sirolimus 1-3 mg once daily orally, with a target trough blood concentration of 4-12 ng/ml.

Interventions

Sirolimus (Rapamune®)

Sirolimus 1-3 mg once daily orally, with a target trough blood concentration of 4-12 ng/ml.

Intervention Type: DRUG

Cyclosporin A (CsA)

Cyclosporine A 25-150 mg orally every 12 hours, with the dose adjusted based on renal function and trough concentration. For patients with normal renal function, the target trough concentration is approximately 150 ng/ml. For patients with impaired renal function, the cyclosporine A dose is reduced to 25-50 mg every 12 hours, aiming for recovery or stabilization of renal function.

Intervention Type: DRUG

Eligibility Criteria

Inclusion Criteria

1. Age ≥ 18 years;

2. Diagnosed with acquired aplastic anemia (AA), excluding congenital AA;

3. At least one of the following criteria met at enrollment: hemoglobin < 100 g/L, platelets < 50 × 10⁹/L, or neutrophils < 1.0 × 10⁹/L;

4. At enrollment, meeting at least one of the following conditions:

① Cyclosporine A (CsA) ineffective: (CsA) used for at least 3 months without achieving partial response (PR), or disease relapse occurred;

② CsA intolerant: Unsuitable for standard dose CsA treatment due to adverse events or underlying conditions.

5. No active infections;

6. Not pregnant or breastfeeding;

7. Willing to sign the consent form;

8. Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status score of 0-2.

Exclusion Criteria

1. Pancytopenia caused by other reasons, such as myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS);

2. Evidence of clonal hematopoietic system bone marrow diseases (e.g., MDS or acute myeloid leukemia, AML);

3. Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) clone ≥ 50%;

4. History of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) before enrollment;

5. Previous use of sirolimus or allergy to sirolimus;

6. Severe adverse events to CsA in the past, making it unsuitable for reuse;

7. Uncontrolled infection or bleeding with standard treatment;

8. Active infections with HIV, HCV, or HBV, liver cirrhosis, portal hypertension;

9. Any concurrent malignancy within the past 5 years, except for localized basal cell carcinoma of the skin;

10. History of thromboembolic events, myocardial infarction, or stroke (including antiphospholipid antibody syndrome), or current use of anticoagulants;

11. Pregnant or breastfeeding women;

12. Participation in other clinical trials within the past 3 months.

• Minimum Eligible Age: 18 Years
• Eligible Sex: ALL
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No

Sponsors

Peking Union Medical College Hospital

OTHER

Sponsor Role: lead

Responsible Party

Responsibility Role: SPONSOR

Locations

Peking Union Medical College Hospital

Beijing, Beijing Municipality, China

Site Status: RECRUITING

Countries

China

Central Contacts

Ziwei Liu

Role: CONTACT

liuzw10@163.com

+8613811615392

Facility Contacts

Ziwei Liu

Role: primary

liuzw10@163.com

+8613811615392

Other Identifiers

I-25PJ0215

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id