Mindfulness Interventions and Emotional Distress: A Daily Study

NCT ID: NCT06785259

Last Updated: 2025-01-21

Basic Information

• Recruitment Status: NOT_YET_RECRUITING
• Clinical Phase: NA
• Total Enrollment: 120 participants
• Study Classification: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Start Date: 2025-01-18
• Study Completion Date: 2025-05-20

Brief Summary

This study hopes to explore whether the changes in rumination exhibited in Daily Diary mediates the effects of mindfulness intervention on alleviating emotional distress

Detailed Description

This study will employ a daily diary research design to collect detailed time-series data, capturing the dynamic evolution of participants' emotional changes. This approach not only facilitates the provision of robust evidence regarding the effects of mindfulness interventions but also offers valuable insights for refining and personalizing future intervention strategies.

Mindfulness involves observing one's current state of mind with an open, non-judgmental attitude, including awareness of breathing, bodily sensations, and actions (Wielgosz et al., 2019). With the widespread use of the internet and smartphones, there has been a rapid increase in the demand for mental health services, leading to the emergence of lightweight online mindfulness intervention programs that have garnered increasing attention (Taylor et al., 2021).

Mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) can positively impact various aspects of individuals' lives (Wielgosz et al., 2019), including physical and mental health, cognitive abilities, emotions, and interpersonal relationships. Regular mindfulness training often leads to healthier behaviors, such as reduced substance abuse, decreased self-harm and suicidal behaviors, and alleviation of eating disorder symptoms (Schuman-Olivier et al., 2020). MBIs are applicable to both clinical and non-clinical populations: they benefit not only patients with physical or mental illnesses (Carlson, 2012; Turgon et al., 2019) but also those experiencing behavioral or emotional distress (Ju, 2022; Ma et al., 2018).

In addition to studying the efficacy of interventions, it is crucial to explore their mechanisms of action. Traditional methods of mechanism research have provided some evidence, defining mechanisms as "processes responsible for change," while mediators are "statistical explanations of the relationship between independent and dependent variables" (Kazdin, 2007, p.3). Currently, researchers have begun to investigate the mechanisms underlying mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) and mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) (Batink et al., 2013; Geschwind et al., 2011; Alsubaie et al., 2017).

However, traditional theoretical frameworks and analytical methods cannot adequately explain or capture sudden, nonlinear changes during the intervention process. Such phenomena can be better understood through complex systems theory. By applying complex network theory and methods, we can gain new insights into the complexity and dynamics of changes during the intervention process, identify intervention targets, uncover potential core targets, predict abrupt changes, and provide evidence for optimizing intervention targets and timing, thereby enhancing the effectiveness of intervention programs. Complex systems theory holds great promise for understanding the mechanisms of psychological interventions, yet few studies have examined the complex and dynamic changes in psychological variables during interventions from this perspective in the field of mindfulness research.

Therefore, in this study, we will first focus on several potential mechanism variables, specifically rumination, using the framework and analytical tools of complex systems theory to examine the complexity and dynamics of changes during online mindfulness interventions.

An increasing number of researchers are beginning to view rumination as a transdiagnostic pathological process closely related to the development and maintenance of various emotional disturbances (Ehring & Watkins, 2008; Nolen-Hoeksema & Watkins, 2011; Watkins & Roberts, 2020). Rumination is associated with multiple emotional disorders and their comorbid conditions, including depressive disorders and anxiety disorders (Nolen-Hoeksema, 2000; Nolen-Hoeksema, Wisco, & Lyubomirsky, 2008). Rumination is a negative thought pattern characterized by repetitive negative thinking about problems, the causes, meanings, and consequences of distress (Watkins, 2008). It typically involves negative self-evaluations and is considered a maladaptive emotion regulation strategy linked to reduced well-being (Brans et al., 2013).

In summary, most current mechanism studies have not rigorously characterized the processes underlying mindfulness interventions using multiple measurement points and appropriate statistical methods, nor have they simultaneously examined the complexity and dynamics of multiple mechanism variables and outcome variables in mindfulness interventions. Therefore, conducting daily diary research will provide valuable evidence for a deeper and more comprehensive understanding of how interventions work.

Conditions

Emotional Distress

Study Design

• Allocation Method: NA
• Intervention Model: SINGLE_GROUP
• Primary Study Purpose: SUPPORTIVE_CARE
• Blinding Strategy: NONE

Study Groups

MIED group

Mindfulness Intervention for Emotional Distress (MIED) program provides standard audio instructions for mindfulness exercises, introduces the nature and law of anxiety, depression, and other emotions, the source of anxiety, depression, and other emotional distress, and the strategies and methods to alleviate emotional distress. These exercises, knowledge, and strategies are based on the latest progress in the field of psychological counseling and treatment, and their application in daily life can help alleviate anxiety, depression, and other emotional problems.

Group Type: EXPERIMENTAL

Mindfulness Intervention for Emotional Distress(MIED)

Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL

Mindfulness Intervention for Emotional Distress (MIED) program provides standard audio instructions for mindfulness exercises, introduces the nature and law of anxiety, depression, and other emotions, the source of anxiety, depression, and other emotional distress, and the strategies and methods to alleviate emotional distress. These exercises, knowledge and strategies are based on the latest progress in the field of psychological counseling and treatment, and their application in daily life can help alleviate anxiety, depression and other emotional problems.

Interventions

Mindfulness Intervention for Emotional Distress(MIED)

Mindfulness Intervention for Emotional Distress (MIED) program provides standard audio instructions for mindfulness exercises, introduces the nature and law of anxiety, depression, and other emotions, the source of anxiety, depression, and other emotional distress, and the strategies and methods to alleviate emotional distress. These exercises, knowledge and strategies are based on the latest progress in the field of psychological counseling and treatment, and their application in daily life can help alleviate anxiety, depression and other emotional problems.

Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL

Eligibility Criteria

Inclusion Criteria

• Subjects with scores greater than 21 on the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale.

Exclusion Criteria

• Subjects who could not access the Internet.
• Subjects with insufficient Chinese ability.
• Subjects who have participated in mindfulness-based projects for more than 6 weeks before, and / or the current frequency of meditation practice is more than once a week.
• Patients with schizophrenia or psychotic affective disorder, current organic mental disorder, substance abuse disorder and generalized developmental disorder.
• Subjects at risk of suicide.

• Minimum Eligible Age: 18 Years
• Maximum Eligible Age: 65 Years
• Eligible Sex: ALL
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: Yes

Sponsors

Peking University

OTHER

Sponsor Role: lead

Responsible Party

Xinghua Liu

Director

Responsibility Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Principal Investigators

Xinghua Liu

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

School of Psychological and Cognitive Sciences, Peking University

Central Contacts

Zitong Xin

Role: CONTACT

2201110738@pku.edu.cn

+86 13718720771

Xinghua Liu

Role: CONTACT

xinghua_liu@pku.edu.cn

+86 13371669818

Other Identifiers

E20250107

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id