Intraosseous (IO) Cefazolin and Vancomycin in Primary Total Knee Arthroplasty (TKA)

NCT ID: NCT06640491

Last Updated: 2025-05-18

Study Results

Results pending

The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.

Basic Information

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Recruitment Status

RECRUITING

Clinical Phase

PHASE1/PHASE2

Total Enrollment

40 participants

Study Classification

INTERVENTIONAL

Study Start Date

2025-05-15

Study Completion Date

2035-12-01

Brief Summary

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The goal of this clinical trial is to compare the efficacy of intravenous (IV) and intraosseous (IO) antibiotic administration techniques during primary total knee arthroplasty (TKA) in adults undergoing a TKA procedure at Houston Methodist Hospital. The main questions it aims to answer are:

Does IO administration of vancomycin and cefazolin protect against perioperative exposure risks? Is there a difference in post-operative complication rates between IV and IO administration of these drugs?

Participants will be randomized to receive either the standard of care IV administration of Vancomycin and Cefazolin, or the IO administration of Vancomycin and Cefazolin.

Detailed Description

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Conditions

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Total Knee Arthroplasty

Study Design

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Allocation Method

RANDOMIZED

Intervention Model

PARALLEL

Primary Study Purpose

TREATMENT

Blinding Strategy

SINGLE

Participants

Study Groups

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Intraosseous Administration of Vancomycin and Cefazolin

Intraosseous vancomycin plus cefazolin is administered via an intraosseous cannulation device (Arrow EZ-IO; Teleflex, Morrisville, NC) in the OR after sterile prep of the leg and draping has occurred prior to skin incision and after the tourniquet has been inflated. The injection will take place into the tibial tubercle, which is a known safe IO injection site. The IO injection will include 500mg of vancomycin and a 1g dose of cefazolin, previously used in prior IO studies of cefazolin.

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

IO Administration of Cefazolin

Intervention Type DRUG

Intraosseous injection of cefazolin to guard against infection.

IO Administration of Vancomycin

Intervention Type DRUG

Intraosseous injection of vancomycin to guard against infection.

Standard IV Administration of Vancomycin and Cefazolin

Patients will receive the Houston Methodist Hospital orthopedic surgery standard of care pre-operative antibiotic regimen for primary total knee arthroplasty patients. This includes IV antibiotics cefazolin will be started in the pre-operative period approximately 1 hour prior to incision. The cefazolin dose is generally 2g if patient is under 120kg, and 3g is the patient is above 120kg in line with guidelines. Vancomycin IV administration will be dosing will be weight-based at approximately 15mg/kg generally 1000-1750mg in 500mL NS.

Group Type ACTIVE_COMPARATOR

IV Administration of Cefazolin

Intervention Type DRUG

Intravenous dose of cefazolin to guard against infection.

IV Administration of Vancomycin

Intervention Type DRUG

Intravenous dose of vancomycin to guard against infection.

Interventions

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IO Administration of Cefazolin

Intraosseous injection of cefazolin to guard against infection.

Intervention Type DRUG

IO Administration of Vancomycin

Intraosseous injection of vancomycin to guard against infection.

Intervention Type DRUG

IV Administration of Cefazolin

Intravenous dose of cefazolin to guard against infection.

Intervention Type DRUG

IV Administration of Vancomycin

Intravenous dose of vancomycin to guard against infection.

Intervention Type DRUG

Eligibility Criteria

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Inclusion Criteria

* Patient is scheduled to undergo an elective primary total knee arthroplasty.
* Patient is able to understand the study design and intervention and gives informed consent to participate in the study.
* Patient is 18 years or older.

Exclusion Criteria

* Contraindication to receiving vancomycin or cefazolin.
* Body mass index (BMI) \> 40.
* Uncontrolled Diabetes (defined as A1c \> 7.5%).
* Patient received or is scheduled to receive IV vancomycin or cefazolin within 7 days prior to their planned procedure.
* Any hardware, condition, or anatomic status that prevents the tibial tubercle from being a viable intraosseous injection site.
* Refusal to participate
* Any condition, in the opinion of the primary investigator, that deems the participant unsuitable for participation in the research study.
Minimum Eligible Age

18 Years

Eligible Sex

ALL

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Sponsors

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The Methodist Hospital Research Institute

OTHER

Sponsor Role lead

Responsible Party

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Brian Parsley

Physician

Responsibility Role PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Locations

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Houston Methodist Hospital

Houston, Texas, United States

Site Status RECRUITING

Countries

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United States

Central Contacts

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Thomas Sullivan

Role: CONTACT

346-238-1603

References

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Reference Type BACKGROUND
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Reference Type BACKGROUND
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Young SW, Zhang M, Freeman JT, Mutu-Grigg J, Pavlou P, Moore GA. The Mark Coventry Award: Higher tissue concentrations of vancomycin with low-dose intraosseous regional versus systemic prophylaxis in TKA: a randomized trial. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2014 Jan;472(1):57-65. doi: 10.1007/s11999-013-3038-z.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
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Reference Type BACKGROUND
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Reference Type BACKGROUND
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Reference Type BACKGROUND
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Burger JR, Hansen BJ, Leary EV, Aggarwal A, Keeney JA. Dual-Agent Antibiotic Prophylaxis Using a Single Preoperative Vancomycin Dose Effectively Reduces Prosthetic Joint Infection Rates With Minimal Renal Toxicity Risk. J Arthroplasty. 2018 Jul;33(7S):S213-S218. doi: 10.1016/j.arth.2018.03.009. Epub 2018 Mar 14.

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Reference Type BACKGROUND
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Other Identifiers

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PRO00038477

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id

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