Cluster RCT of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy to Support Caregivers of Older Adults in Hong Kong
NCT ID: NCT06473012
Last Updated: 2025-03-28
Study Results
The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.
Basic Information
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ENROLLING_BY_INVITATION
NA
250 participants
INTERVENTIONAL
2024-09-03
2025-12-31
Brief Summary
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What is the impact of the 6-week psychosocial intervention on distress and burden among participants? Participants will participate in a 6-week psychosocial intervention. Researchers will compare the results between the intervention group and the active control group to see if participants in the intervention group have lower distress and burden.
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Detailed Description
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The investigators propose a 6-week cluster randomized controlled trial to compare the effectiveness of a novel psychosocial intervention for caregivers of older adults in Hong Kong. The intervention is based on Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, lifestyle intervention, and effective communication skills.
Cluster Randomization:
The research team will perform cluster randomization using statistical software and notify the district-based caregiver support units of their group allocations. Randomisation will be first stratified by SES of district-based caregiver support units, then using random permuted blocks via an online computer randomisation system from an independent clinical trials unit. District-based caregiver support units will be randomised into an intervention or control group.
Objectives:
The primary objective of this study is to reduce carers' depressive symptoms and anxiety through the implementation of a CBT-guided intervention that includes symptom management, stress management, and coping skills training. The secondary objective of this study is to improve carers' self-efficacy for stress management by providing them with the necessary skills and strategies from the CBT-guided intervention.
Recruitment and Inclusion Criteria:
A total of 250 caregivers from elderly community service units will be recruited. The inclusion criteria are as follows: 1) Participants must be adults aged 18 or above with a family member aged 60 or above requiring caregiving, providing at least 6 hours of care per week; 2) They must self-identify as a family caregiver; 3) Participants must live in Hong Kong and 4) be able to communicate with the interventionist; 5) Participation must be voluntary; 6) Participants must report significant insufficiency in self-efficacy (a score \< 50 using the Caregiver Self-Efficacy Scale (CSES-8)) or 7) low level of caregiving preparedness (a score \< 2 using the Preparedness for Caregiving Scale (CPS)); 8) Additionally, participants must report moderate risk need in the Carer Need Screening tool, as well as 9) mild to moderate depressive symptoms (PHQ-9 score 5-14) and 10) mild to moderate anxiety (GAD-7 score 5-14). The exclusion criteria include: 1) the older family member receiving government-subvented service; 2) having diagnosed Alzheimer's or other dementia; or 3) experiencing acute health conditions that hinder caregiving support or intervention participation.
Study Procedures:
This study will consist of a 6-week intervention, with a screening process to be conducted prior to the intervention implementation. Pre-implementation and post-implementation assessments, as well as a 3-month follow-up evaluation, will be performed for statistical comparison. The participation of caregivers in tests, surveys, and interviews will not affect the quality of care they receive. No drug usage or medical treatment is involved in this study, and there are no anticipated physical or medical risks to participants. Withdrawal from the study is voluntary at any time, and will not impact participants' ongoing medical care or legal rights.
The screening process involves carers completing a standardized screening form comprising items pertaining to demographics, self-efficacy, caregiving preparedness, and willingness to join, which they will either fill out independently or have facilitated by project staff upon enrolling for membership. Carers' needs are classified into four levels: low, mild, moderate, and high.
The Carer Need Screening Tool was developed and validated by the research team of the Jockey Club Carer Space Project, which was led by Professor Vivian Lou, the Director of the Sau Po Centre on Ageing at the University of Hong Kong. The research centre followed a six-step approach, based on the scale development method proposed by Hinkin (1995), to establish the Carer Need Screening Tool. These steps encompassed: (1) a literature review, (2) the formation of an expert panel, (3) a Delphi study, (4) the confirmation of an item list, (5) an item validation study, and (6) the finalization of the scale. The research team developed a 22-item screening tool, and the screening tool involves 5 domains of risk including carers' mental ill health, caregiving capacity, lack of support, carers' health challenges, and high care demands.
Data Analysis:
A MANOVA will be conducted for the continuous variables and a chi-square test will be used for the categorical variables, to compare the differences between the primary and secondary outcomes of the two groups. The associations among different variables will be investigated using Pearson's correlation analysis. The interaction Group x Time treatment effects within and between the groups will be tested with a factorial ANOVA with repeated measures. Differential changes in each outcome across the 3 assessment time points (T0, T1, T2) between the two treatment groups will be compared. Recruitment rate, attrition rate, and missing data will also be examined and reported. All outcome measures will be analysed based on intention-to-treat principles. Exploratory analysis will assess whether the intervention effects are mediated by caregiver self-efficacy or knowledge gain. The data will be analysed using SPSS, version 28.0. All statistical tests will be two-sided with the level of significance set at .05.
Data Storage and Privacy:
Personal data will be securely stored by the principal investigator for 5 years after the publication of the first paper, followed by 10 years for anonymized data. All information will be used for research purposes only and stored on encrypted workstations and password-protected online cloud storage.
Conditions
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Study Design
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RANDOMIZED
PARALLEL
SUPPORTIVE_CARE
SINGLE
Study Groups
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CBT Experimental Group
Group intervention based on Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, lifestyle intervention, and effective communication.
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Caregivers of Older Adults
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Intervention for Caregivers of Older Adults is designed to be implemented in a group setting with 12 to 15 caregivers in a group. It consists of 6 weekly sessions, and each session lasts for 90 minutes to 120 minutes. The content of the intervention is based on lifestyle intervention, CBT and effective communication skills. Home practices will be assigned to the participants in between each weekly session.
Active Control Group
The session focused on education about lifestyle and communication.
Control intervention for Caregivers of Older Adults
The control group receives 6 weekly education sessions on useful healthcare information (mental health, physical health, health ageing and dementia). Each session lasts for 90 minutes to 120 minutes.
Interventions
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Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Caregivers of Older Adults
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Intervention for Caregivers of Older Adults is designed to be implemented in a group setting with 12 to 15 caregivers in a group. It consists of 6 weekly sessions, and each session lasts for 90 minutes to 120 minutes. The content of the intervention is based on lifestyle intervention, CBT and effective communication skills. Home practices will be assigned to the participants in between each weekly session.
Control intervention for Caregivers of Older Adults
The control group receives 6 weekly education sessions on useful healthcare information (mental health, physical health, health ageing and dementia). Each session lasts for 90 minutes to 120 minutes.
Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria
* caregiver needs to score \< 50 using the Caregiver Self-Efficacy Scale (CSES-8) which represents significant insufficiency in self-efficacy
* report mild to moderate depressive symptoms: a total score ranged from 5 to 14 using the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9)
* report mild to moderate anxiety: a total score ranged from 5 to 14 using the Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item (GAD-7)
* living in designated clusters in Hong Kong
Exclusion Criteria
* older family member with caregiving needs is receiving government-subvented service
* suffering from acute health conditions, such as conditions caused by a virus, infection, injury, misuse of drugs or medications, preventing the provision of caregiving support
* illiterate
18 Years
ALL
Yes
Sponsors
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The University of Hong Kong
OTHER
Responsible Party
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Prof. Vivian W.Q. Lou
Professor
Principal Investigators
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Vivian Lou, PhD
Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
Sau Po Center on Ageing, HKU
Locations
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Sau Po Center on Ageing HKU
Hong Kong, , Hong Kong
Countries
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Other Identifiers
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2023-0030-001
Identifier Type: -
Identifier Source: org_study_id
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