PPOS vs GnRH Antagonist in Ovarian Stimulation (ProGanOS Study)
NCT ID: NCT06378268
Last Updated: 2025-09-16
Study Results
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Basic Information
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RECRUITING
NA
626 participants
INTERVENTIONAL
2024-04-24
2026-09-30
Brief Summary
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This study compares the effectiveness of Progestin-Primed Ovarian stimulation versus GnRH protocol for ovarian stimulation in IVF treatment. Participants will be randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to receive Progestins or GnRH antagonists.
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Detailed Description
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Participants will be randomized into two arms:
* PPOS group: Recombinant FSH 150-300 IU/day will start from day 2 to day 4 of menstruation. The initial FSH dose will be chosen based on age, anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) level, antral follicle count (AFC), and body mass index (BMI). The FSH dosage will be fixed during ovarian stimulation. Dydrogesterone (Duphaston, Abbott, USA) 20mg/day will start on the day of gonadotropin injection to the oocyte maturation trigger night.
* GnRH antagonist group: Recombinant FSH 150-300 IU/day will be given from day 2 to day 4 of menstruation. The initial FSH dose will be chosen based on age, anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) level, antral follicle count (AFC), and body mass index (BMI). The FSH dosage will be fixed during ovarian stimulation. Cetrorelix (Cetrotide, Merck, Germany) 0.25mg/day will be given from day 5 of stimulation by the oocyte maturation trigger day.
Follicular monitoring will start on the fifth or sixth day of ovarian stimulation and was performed every 3-5 days thereafter using transvaginal ultrasound to record the number of developing follicles. Measuring LH, estradiol, and progesterone serum levels will be performed on the fifth or sixth day of ovarian stimulation and oocyte maturation day (before the trigger injection). The FSH dosage will be fixed during ovarian stimulation. When more than two dominant follicles reach a diameter of at least 17mm, \>= 50% diameter of remaining follicles cohort \>=12 mm, the final stage of oocyte maturation will trigger using human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG; IVF-C 10.000 IU, LG Chem, Ltd., Korea or Ovitrelle Pen 250µg, Merck Serono S.p.A., Italy). In individuals who are at high risk for OHSS, GnRH agonist trigger 0.2mg (Diphereline 0.2mg, Ipsen Pharma, France) will given subcutaneously.
Transvaginal ultrasound-guided oocyte retrieval will be performed 34-36 hours after trigger, with the retrieval of all follicles exceeding 10mm in diameter. Oocyte fertilization will be carried out in vitro using ICSI. On the third day after fertilization, embryos will be evaluated for the degree of embryonic fragmentation, regularity, and number of blastomeres in accordance with the Istanbul consensus (Alpha Scientists in Reproductive Medicine and ESHRE Special Interest Group of Embryology, 2011). Day 3 embryos will be cryopreserved or cultured until the blastocyst stage based on physician recommendation or patient references; viable blastocysts will then be cryopreserved on day 5 or day 6.
Endometrial preparation for frozen embryo transfer (FET) will be given using an exogenous steroid regimen from day 2 to day 4 of the menstrual cycle. Oral estradiol valerate (Progynova, Bayer Schering Pharma, Germany) 8mg/day will be given for 10-12 days. When endometrial thickness reaches ≥ 7mm, along with a triple-line pattern, micronized progesterone 800mg will be administered. FET will be performed three to five days after progesterone administration. There will be no more than 2 embryo(s) transfers each FET cycle. After FET, estradiol and progesterone supplementation will be continued for all participants until the day of taking the pregnancy test. Participants with a positive pregnancy test continued to receive oral estradiol valerate 8mg/day and micronized progesterone 800mg/day until the fetal heart appeared, and then only micronized progesterone 800mg will be used until 12 weeks of gestation.
All participants will be followed up per local protocol until outcomes are achieved.
Conditions
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Study Design
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RANDOMIZED
PARALLEL
TREATMENT
NONE
Study Groups
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Progestins Primed Ovarian stimulation group
PPOS group: Recombinant FSH 150-300 IU/day will start from day 2 to day 4 of menstruation. The initial FSH dose will be chosen based on age, anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) level, antral follicle count (AFC), and body mass index (BMI). The FSH dosage will be fixed during ovarian stimulation. Dydrogesterone (Duphaston, Abbott, USA) 20mg/day will start on the day of gonadotropin injection to the oocyte maturation trigger night.
Dydrogesterone 10 mg
Dydrogesterone 10mg orally 2 times daily, starting on the day of gonadotropin injection to the oocyte maturation trigger night.
GnRH antagonist group
GnRH antagonist group: Recombinant FSH 150-300 IU/day will be given from day 2 to day 4 of menstruation. The initial FSH dose will be chosen based on age, anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) level, antral follicle count (AFC), and body mass index (BMI). The FSH dosage will be fixed during ovarian stimulation. Cetrorelix (Cetrotide, Merck, Germany) 0.25mg/day will be given from day 5 of stimulation by the oocyte maturation trigger day.
Cetrorelix 0.25 mg
Cetrorelix 0.25mg is injected subcutaneously once a day. It is given from day 5 or day 6 of stimulation by the oocyte maturation trigger day.
Interventions
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Dydrogesterone 10 mg
Dydrogesterone 10mg orally 2 times daily, starting on the day of gonadotropin injection to the oocyte maturation trigger night.
Cetrorelix 0.25 mg
Cetrorelix 0.25mg is injected subcutaneously once a day. It is given from day 5 or day 6 of stimulation by the oocyte maturation trigger day.
Other Intervention Names
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria
* BMI ≤ 25kg/m2
* AMH \> 1.2ng/mL or AFC \>5
* Having indication for IVF treatment
* Agree to have frozen embryo(s) transfer
* Not participating in any other clinical trials
* Provision of written informed consent to participate
Exclusion Criteria
* Oocyte donation cycles
* Undergoing vitrified oocyte accumulation
* Oocyte cryopreservation
* Cycle with PGT (Preimplatation genetic testing)
* Women with PCOS
* Women allergy to dydrogesterone, rFSH, GnRH antagonist
18 Years
40 Years
FEMALE
No
Sponsors
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Mỹ Đức Hospital
OTHER
Responsible Party
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Principal Investigators
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Lan N Vuong, MD, PhD
Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City
Locations
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My Duc Hospital
Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
Countries
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Central Contacts
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Facility Contacts
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References
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Messinis IE. Ovarian feedback, mechanism of action and possible clinical implications. Hum Reprod Update. 2006 Sep-Oct;12(5):557-71. doi: 10.1093/humupd/dml020. Epub 2006 May 3.
Papanikolaou EG, Kolibianakis EM, Pozzobon C, Tank P, Tournaye H, Bourgain C, Van Steirteghem A, Devroey P. Progesterone rise on the day of human chorionic gonadotropin administration impairs pregnancy outcome in day 3 single-embryo transfer, while has no effect on day 5 single blastocyst transfer. Fertil Steril. 2009 Mar;91(3):949-52. doi: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2006.12.064. Epub 2007 Jun 6.
Van Vaerenbergh I, Fatemi HM, Blockeel C, Van Lommel L, In't Veld P, Schuit F, Kolibianakis EM, Devroey P, Bourgain C. Progesterone rise on HCG day in GnRH antagonist/rFSH stimulated cycles affects endometrial gene expression. Reprod Biomed Online. 2011 Mar;22(3):263-71. doi: 10.1016/j.rbmo.2010.11.002. Epub 2010 Nov 13.
Droesch K, Muasher SJ, Brzyski RG, Jones GS, Simonetti S, Liu HC, Rosenwaks Z. Value of suppression with a gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist prior to gonadotropin stimulation for in vitro fertilization. Fertil Steril. 1989 Feb;51(2):292-7. doi: 10.1016/s0015-0282(16)60493-4.
van Loenen AC, Huirne JA, Schats R, Hompes PG, Lambalk CB. GnRH agonists, antagonists, and assisted conception. Semin Reprod Med. 2002 Nov;20(4):349-64. doi: 10.1055/s-2002-36713.
Al-Inany HG, Youssef MA, Aboulghar M, Broekmans F, Sterrenburg M, Smit J, Abou-Setta AM. Gonadotrophin-releasing hormone antagonists for assisted reproductive technology. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2011 May 11;(5):CD001750. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD001750.pub3.
Toftager M, Bogstad J, Bryndorf T, Lossl K, Roskaer J, Holland T, Praetorius L, Zedeler A, Nilas L, Pinborg A. Risk of severe ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome in GnRH antagonist versus GnRH agonist protocol: RCT including 1050 first IVF/ICSI cycles. Hum Reprod. 2016 Jun;31(6):1253-64. doi: 10.1093/humrep/dew051. Epub 2016 Apr 8.
Griesinger G, Schultz L, Bauer T, Broessner A, Frambach T, Kissler S. Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome prevention by gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist triggering of final oocyte maturation in a gonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonist protocol in combination with a "freeze-all" strategy: a prospective multicentric study. Fertil Steril. 2011 May;95(6):2029-33, 2033.e1. doi: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2011.01.163. Epub 2011 Mar 2.
Kuang Y, Chen Q, Fu Y, Wang Y, Hong Q, Lyu Q, Ai A, Shoham Z. Medroxyprogesterone acetate is an effective oral alternative for preventing premature luteinizing hormone surges in women undergoing controlled ovarian hyperstimulation for in vitro fertilization. Fertil Steril. 2015 Jul;104(1):62-70.e3. doi: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2015.03.022. Epub 2015 May 5.
Wang Y, Chen Q, Wang N, Chen H, Lyu Q, Kuang Y. Controlled Ovarian Stimulation Using Medroxyprogesterone Acetate and hMG in Patients With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Treated for IVF: A Double-Blind Randomized Crossover Clinical Trial. Medicine (Baltimore). 2016 Mar;95(9):e2939. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000002939.
Zhu X, Ye H, Fu Y. The Utrogestan and hMG protocol in patients with polycystic ovarian syndrome undergoing controlled ovarian hyperstimulation during IVF/ICSI treatments. Medicine (Baltimore). 2016 Jul;95(28):e4193. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000004193.
Massin N. New stimulation regimens: endogenous and exogenous progesterone use to block the LH surge during ovarian stimulation for IVF. Hum Reprod Update. 2017 Mar 1;23(2):211-220. doi: 10.1093/humupd/dmw047.
Vuong LN, Dang VQ, Ho TM, Huynh BG, Ha DT, Pham TD, Nguyen LK, Norman RJ, Mol BW. IVF Transfer of Fresh or Frozen Embryos in Women without Polycystic Ovaries. N Engl J Med. 2018 Jan 11;378(2):137-147. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1703768.
Shrestha D, La X, Feng HL. Comparison of different stimulation protocols used in in vitro fertilization: a review. Ann Transl Med. 2015 Jun;3(10):137. doi: 10.3978/j.issn.2305-5839.2015.04.09.
Ferin M, Rosenblatt H, Carmel PW, Antunes JL, Vande Wiele RL. Estrogen-induced gonadotropin surges in female rhesus monkeys after pituitary stalk section. Endocrinology. 1979 Jan;104(1):50-2. doi: 10.1210/endo-104-1-50.
Leroy I, d'Acremont M, Brailly-Tabard S, Frydman R, de Mouzon J, Bouchard P. A single injection of a gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonist (Cetrorelix) postpones the luteinizing hormone (LH) surge: further evidence for the role of GnRH during the LH surge. Fertil Steril. 1994 Sep;62(3):461-7. doi: 10.1016/s0015-0282(16)56932-5.
Other Identifiers
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05/24/DD-BVMD
Identifier Type: -
Identifier Source: org_study_id
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