Promoting Children's Participation in Conventional X-ray Examinations

NCT ID: NCT06322264

Last Updated: 2025-04-18

Study Results

Results pending

The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.

Basic Information

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Recruitment Status

RECRUITING

Total Enrollment

220 participants

Study Classification

OBSERVATIONAL

Study Start Date

2024-11-05

Study Completion Date

2026-12-10

Brief Summary

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The goal of this explorative observational study is to map the procedure and child centered approach in the examination for children that undergo conventional X-ray examinations. The main questions aim to answer:

* How many images need to be retaken during conventional X-ray examinations?
* What is the reason why the pictures need to be redone?
* What is the time required for the various examinations?
* What experience of the procedure of the examination is there among those involved?
* Can the physical impact be observed through variation in heart rate in children that undergo conventional X-ray examinations?

Participants will answer questionnaires about the children's participation in the procedure and the variation in heart rate will be measured on the children who undergo the examinations.

Detailed Description

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Many children receive healthcare services during their childhood. In Sweden, approximately 330,000 children aged 0-15 require conventional X-ray examinations annually. It is imperative that the justification for conducting these X-ray examinations on children is carefully considered. Improper positioning during the image capturing process can result in inadequate images that do not provide necessary diagnostic information. This may require that the X-ray procedure must be repeated, leading to unnecessary exposure of children to radiation. This situation poses complexities as a means to minimize the occurrence of repeated imaging procedures and minimize unnecessary radiation exposure, children may be subject to some level of restraint.

Effective January 1, 2020, Sweden adopted the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child into law, with the aim of enhancing and elucidating the rights of children.

This entails that children are entitled to receive care from personnel who possess the expertise and qualifications necessary to uphold both the physical and mental well-being of children, as well as their rights, prior to, during, and following a procedure such as an X-ray examination.

The radiographer plays a significant role in determining the outcome of pediatric examinations, impacting both the child's experience and the quality of imaging as well as the radiation dose received. This study investigates the perceptions of health care professionals regarding pediatric examinations, focusing on procedure, child centered approach, and overall experience during conventional X-ray procedures. Additionally, it explores the experiences of children and their parents during examinations, including children's level of participation in the process. It is also essential to evaluate the physical indicators, this in the form of changes in the child's pulse rate.

To establish a standard baseline for normal variation, investigators will measure pulse rates before, during, and after an examination using portable heart rate monitors.

The questionnaires will be answered by the population -children, parents and the examining radiographer after each examination has been completed and will mainly consist of shorter multiple-choice options with the possibility of extended answers in cases where additions need to be made.

For the parts that are common between the three groups, the questions to the children are taken from a questionnaire about children's participation. Parents and radiographers receive the same questions and answers on a Likert scale.

A descriptive and comparative analysis will be done with the support of different software, Excel and SPSS.

Conditions

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Heart Rate Determination Patient Participation

Study Design

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Observational Model Type

FAMILY_BASED

Study Time Perspective

CROSS_SECTIONAL

Study Groups

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Pediatric patients

Pediatric patients between the ages of 4 and 12 undergoing conventional X-ray examinations.

Measurement of variation in heart rate

Intervention Type DIAGNOSTIC_TEST

The children will be given a portable device that will monitor their heart rate, enabling the recording of the rate of their pulse.

Parents

Parents of the included pediatric patients between the ages of 4 and 12 undergoing conventional X-ray examinations.

No interventions assigned to this group

Radiographers

Radiographers who examine the included pediatric patients between the ages of 4 and 12 undergoing conventional X-ray examinations.

No interventions assigned to this group

Interventions

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Measurement of variation in heart rate

The children will be given a portable device that will monitor their heart rate, enabling the recording of the rate of their pulse.

Intervention Type DIAGNOSTIC_TEST

Eligibility Criteria

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Inclusion Criteria

* Children ages 4-12 yrs who undergo standard x-ray examinations
* parents to the child
* assigned radiographers

Exclusion Criteria

* Children and parents who have cognitive and/or language difficulties
Minimum Eligible Age

4 Years

Maximum Eligible Age

12 Years

Eligible Sex

ALL

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Sponsors

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Skane University Hospital

OTHER

Sponsor Role collaborator

Lund University

OTHER

Sponsor Role lead

Responsible Party

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Responsibility Role SPONSOR

Principal Investigators

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Pether Jildenstål, Assoc. Prof.

Role: STUDY_DIRECTOR

Lund University

Locations

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SUS

Lund, Skåne County, Sweden

Site Status RECRUITING

Countries

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Sweden

Central Contacts

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Camilla Viseu, MMedSci

Role: CONTACT

+46705425698

Carina Sjöberg, Phd

Role: CONTACT

+46703636917

Facility Contacts

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Camilla Viseu

Role: primary

0046-462220000

References

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Hardy M, Armitage G. The child's right to consent to x-ray and imaging investigations: issues of restraint and immobilization from a multidisciplinary perspective. J Child Health Care. 2002 Jun;6(2):107-19. doi: 10.1177/136749350200600204.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 12136815 (View on PubMed)

Sahlberg S, Karlsson K, Darcy L. Children's rights as law in Sweden-every health-care encounter needs to meet the child's needs. Health Expect. 2020 Aug;23(4):860-869. doi: 10.1111/hex.13060. Epub 2020 Apr 22.

Reference Type RESULT
PMID: 32319716 (View on PubMed)

Gilljam BM, Arvidsson S, Nygren JM, Svedberg P. Child participation in health care (ChiPaC)-Development and psychometric evaluation of a self-report instrument for children's participation in health care. J Clin Nurs. 2020 Jan;29(1-2):107-118. doi: 10.1111/jocn.15063. Epub 2019 Oct 10.

Reference Type RESULT
PMID: 31531995 (View on PubMed)

Related Links

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https://www.stralsakerhetsmyndigheten.se/publikationer/rapporter/stralskydd/2020/202014/

Almen, A., \& Jangland, L., (2020). Radiological examinations in Sweden in 2018 (Report 2020:14). The Radiation Safety Authority.

Other Identifiers

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2023-05435-01

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id

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