Effects of a Mindfulness Programme on Competitive Athletes With Physical Disabilities

NCT ID: NCT06184217

Last Updated: 2024-01-03

Basic Information

• Recruitment Status: COMPLETED
• Clinical Phase: NA
• Total Enrollment: 36 participants
• Study Classification: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Start Date: 2022-11-16
• Study Completion Date: 2023-05-17

Brief Summary

Pain affects the athlete's sporting career directly or indirectly. Directly, the injury affects other areas of the body causing a physical decompensation in the athlete and this affects the correct execution of the sporting technique, or how technical gestures can cause pain. Indirectly, through the psychological consequences of pain that generate a series of negative consequences and feelings. Some studies suggest that psychological skills are an important tool for pain management. For that reason, a mindfulness intervention programme would be a useful tool for manage pain in this population.

Detailed Description

The study hypothesised that the Mindfulness Sports Performance Enhancement (MSPE) programme adapted for this population, was more effective than mindfulness-based relaxation training as a treatment for chronic pain and associated emotional disturbances in Para athletes with physical disabilities, and that it contributes more to modifying psychological variables that have been shown to be related to or have modulatory value in the experience of chronic pain.

Conditions

Athletic Injuries; Physical Disability; Chronic Pain

Study Design

• Allocation Method: RANDOMIZED
• Intervention Model: PARALLEL
• Primary Study Purpose: PREVENTION
• Blinding Strategy: NONE

Study Groups

Experimental group (MSPE programme group).

Experimental (MSPE group). The experimental group received the Mindful Sport Performance Enhancement programme (MSPE), with some changes and adaptations taking into account the characteristics and needs of the Para-athletes and the overall aim of the study. Such as reducing the session time (2h), including staff and support material, extending the pre-session time (35-40 min), and incorporating the dynamics of emotions and Mindful Yoga into the floor of the MBSR programme \[2\].

Group Type: EXPERIMENTAL

Experimental group (MSPE programme group).

Intervention Type: OTHER

Experimental group. MSPE Programme. This group will receive a face-to-face mindfulness MSPE programme for 6 weeks, once a week for 1h 50min-2 hours. In addition to doing mindfulness activities at home. Each session contains the following exercises: (1) intention meditation, sultana exercise, diaphragmatic breathing and sitting meditation with a focus on breath, body and sound; (2) diaphragmatic breathing, Body Scan; (3) sitting meditation, dynamics of emotions, Mindful Yoga on the floor; (4) letting go of attachments, mindful Yoga on the floor walking meditation; (5) sports meditation, sitting meditation with a focus on breath, body and sound; (6) intention meditation, body scan analysis and review of sports meditation.

Control group (relaxation group).

Control group. Control group. Athletes with physical disabilities participating in the home were provided with a guide to body awareness-based relaxation training guidelines \[3\].

Group Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR

Control group (relaxation group).

Intervention Type: OTHER

These instructions included a combination of tension-relaxation of specific muscles and simple breathing techniques. They were recommended to do this on a daily basis, with a minimum of 4 sessions per week.

Interventions

Experimental group (MSPE programme group).

Experimental group. MSPE Programme. This group will receive a face-to-face mindfulness MSPE programme for 6 weeks, once a week for 1h 50min-2 hours. In addition to doing mindfulness activities at home. Each session contains the following exercises: (1) intention meditation, sultana exercise, diaphragmatic breathing and sitting meditation with a focus on breath, body and sound; (2) diaphragmatic breathing, Body Scan; (3) sitting meditation, dynamics of emotions, Mindful Yoga on the floor; (4) letting go of attachments, mindful Yoga on the floor walking meditation; (5) sports meditation, sitting meditation with a focus on breath, body and sound; (6) intention meditation, body scan analysis and review of sports meditation.

Intervention Type: OTHER

Control group (relaxation group).

These instructions included a combination of tension-relaxation of specific muscles and simple breathing techniques. They were recommended to do this on a daily basis, with a minimum of 4 sessions per week.

Intervention Type: OTHER

Eligibility Criteria

Inclusion Criteria

• Have a physical disability
• A minimum of 5 points on a Likert-type scale from 1 (no pain) to 10 (worst pain imaginable) at the time of recruitment
• Be at least 15 years of age
• Have been a competitive athlete (regional, national, world and/or Paralympic Games level) in any sport discipline.
• Have an official regional or Spanish Federation of Sports for People with Physical disabilities licence
• Be willing to participate in a mindfulness programme for pain management
• Sign an informed consent form.

Exclusion Criteria

• Not having at least one of the criteria mentioned as inclusion.

• Minimum Eligible Age: 15 Years
• Maximum Eligible Age: 60 Years
• Eligible Sex: ALL
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No

Sponsors

Universidad Politecnica de Madrid

OTHER

Sponsor Role: lead

Responsible Party

Sandra Constantino Murillo

Principal Investigator

Responsibility Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Principal Investigators

María I. B Barriopedro, PhD in Psychology

Role: STUDY_DIRECTOR

Universidad Politecnica de Madrid

Locations

Sandra Constantino Murillo

Madrid, , Spain

Countries

Spain

References

[1] Kaufman, K., Glass, C. R., & Pineau, T. R. (2018). Mindful sport performance enhancement: Mental training for athletes and coaches. American Psychological Association.

Reference Type: BACKGROUND

[2] Martín-Asuero (2008). On your own course. Enjoy life without stress. Platform.

Reference Type: BACKGROUND

[3] Bernstein, D., Borkovec, T., & Hazlett-Stevens, H. (2000). New Directions in Progressive Relaxation Training: A Guidebook for Helping Professionals. Bloomsbury Academic.

Reference Type: BACKGROUND

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Reference Type: BACKGROUND

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Reference Type: BACKGROUND

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Reference Type: BACKGROUND

PMID: 17296089 (View on PubMed)

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Reference Type: BACKGROUND

PMID: 11011872 (View on PubMed)

Gonzalez Menendez A, Fernandez Garcia P, Torres Viejo I. [Acceptance of chronic pain in fibromyalgia patients: adaptation of Chronic Pain Acceptance Questionnaire (CPAQ) in a Spanish population]. Psicothema. 2010 Nov;22(4):997-1003. Spanish.

Reference Type: BACKGROUND

PMID: 21044544 (View on PubMed)

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Reference Type: BACKGROUND

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Other Identifiers

UPM

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id