Patient-Directed Antimicrobial Duration in Acute Uncomplicated Pyelonephritis

NCT ID: NCT06127160

Last Updated: 2025-09-12

Study Results

Results pending

The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.

Basic Information

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Recruitment Status

COMPLETED

Clinical Phase

PHASE4

Total Enrollment

35 participants

Study Classification

INTERVENTIONAL

Study Start Date

2024-06-04

Study Completion Date

2025-08-29

Brief Summary

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This pilot study will randomize 40 female patients with acute uncomplicated pyelonephritis to receive standard duration of therapy versus patient-directed antimicrobial duration (PDAD). The primary objectives of this pilot trial are to determine the feasibility and safety of conducting a full-scale multi-center randomized controlled trial.

Detailed Description

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Following informed consent, patients will be randomized to receive 10 days of cephalexin or PDAD (minimum of 3 days of cephalexin followed by placebo once patient reports 24 hours of symptom resolution). Patients will be evaluated at day 1 in-person, then daily using a mobile cellphone application to assess acute uncomplicated pyelonephritis (AUP) symptoms and quality of life (QOL). Urine samples will be collected at in-person visits at day 1, 3 weeks, and 4 weeks. Study feasibility will be assessed through day 90.

Conditions

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Pyelonephritis Acute

Study Design

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Allocation Method

RANDOMIZED

Intervention Model

PARALLEL

Primary Study Purpose

TREATMENT

Blinding Strategy

DOUBLE

Participants Caregivers

Study Groups

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Standard Duration Treatment

Group Type ACTIVE_COMPARATOR

Cephalexin

Intervention Type DRUG

Cephalexin 1000 mg by mouth 3 times daily for 10 days

Patient-directed antimicrobial duration (PDAD)

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

Cephalexin or placebo

Intervention Type DRUG

Cephalexin 1000 mg by mouth 3 times daily for a minimum of 3 days, once participant reports symptom resolution for 24 hours they will switch to placebo for remainder of 10 days of treatment.

Interventions

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Cephalexin

Cephalexin 1000 mg by mouth 3 times daily for 10 days

Intervention Type DRUG

Cephalexin or placebo

Cephalexin 1000 mg by mouth 3 times daily for a minimum of 3 days, once participant reports symptom resolution for 24 hours they will switch to placebo for remainder of 10 days of treatment.

Intervention Type DRUG

Eligibility Criteria

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Inclusion Criteria

* Females between 18 and 55 years of age
* Diagnosis of acute uncomplicated pyelonephritis
* Can be discharged home on oral antimicrobial treatment
* Ability to provide written informed consent in English or Spanish

Exclusion:

* Took antibiotics in the prior 48 hours
* Insulin-dependent diabetes
* End-stage liver disease
* If the patient reports a penicillin allergy, and is deemed to be high-risk using the penicillin allergy clinical decision rule (PEN-FAST)
* Serious allergy (e.g., angioedema, anaphylaxis) to the study medication or a similarly reported allergy to a cephalosporin
* Known or identified hydronephrosis, obstruction, or abscess identified by emergency department ultrasound
* Presence of a kidney stone
* Pregnancy or lactation
* Renal dysfunction (defined as creatinine clearance of less than 30 mL/min)
* Renal transplantation
* Complicated pyelonephritis (defined anatomical or functional abnormality of the urinary tract that predisposes to infection)
* Need for additional antimicrobial therapy for a coexisting infection
* Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, with either a recent (in the past 6 months) acquired immune deficiency syndrome-defining condition or a cluster of differentiation-4 (CD-4+) T lymphocyte count \<200/mm\^3
Minimum Eligible Age

18 Years

Maximum Eligible Age

55 Years

Eligible Sex

FEMALE

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Sponsors

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University of California, Los Angeles

OTHER

Sponsor Role collaborator

Brett A Faine

OTHER

Sponsor Role lead

Responsible Party

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Brett A Faine

Clinical Associate Professor

Responsibility Role SPONSOR_INVESTIGATOR

Locations

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Olive View - UCLA Medical Center

Sylmar, California, United States

Site Status

University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics

Iowa City, Iowa, United States

Site Status

Countries

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United States

References

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Other Identifiers

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202303721

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id

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