Trial Outcomes & Findings for Middle School Parent Module for a Brief Bullying Intervention Program (NCT NCT06002347)
NCT ID: NCT06002347
Last Updated: 2023-11-09
Results Overview
Modified version of Teacher-Advocates Pre- and Post-Scale (TAPPS) Knowledge and confidence to support defenders was measured using a modified version of the TAPPS. The TAPPS is an 11 item survey that measures knowledge of buying behaviors, knowledge of how to support students using the STAC strategies, and confidence supporting students who intervene in bullying situations. Items are rated on a 4-point Likert Scale ranging from 1 (Totally Disagree) to 4 (Totally Agree) and were summed to compute a total scale score. Minimum =11; Maximum = 44 Higher scores are better outcomes
COMPLETED
NA
23 participants
pre-training (baseline); immediate post-training (30 minutes)
2023-11-09
Participant Flow
Participant milestones
| Measure |
STAC Parent Module
STAC Parent Module for Middle School: The STAC Parent Module is a 30-minute pre-recorded online presentation that includes normative feedback, didactic information, a review of the student STAC strategies and corresponding strategies parents can use to support students who act as defenders, and information about "perceptions vs. facts" about bullying.
|
|---|---|
|
Overall Study
STARTED
|
23
|
|
Overall Study
COMPLETED
|
20
|
|
Overall Study
NOT COMPLETED
|
3
|
Reasons for withdrawal
Withdrawal data not reported
Baseline Characteristics
Middle School Parent Module for a Brief Bullying Intervention Program
Baseline characteristics by cohort
| Measure |
STAC Parent Module
n=23 Participants
STAC Parent Module for Middle School: The STAC Parent Module is a 30-minute pre-recorded online presentation that includes normative feedback, didactic information, a review of the student STAC strategies and corresponding strategies parents can use to support students who act as defenders, and information about "perceptions vs. facts" about bullying.
|
|---|---|
|
Age, Continuous
|
41.17 years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 7.17 • n=5 Participants
|
|
Sex: Female, Male
Female
|
21 Participants
n=5 Participants
|
|
Sex: Female, Male
Male
|
2 Participants
n=5 Participants
|
|
Race (NIH/OMB)
American Indian or Alaska Native
|
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
|
|
Race (NIH/OMB)
Asian
|
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
|
|
Race (NIH/OMB)
Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander
|
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
|
|
Race (NIH/OMB)
Black or African American
|
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
|
|
Race (NIH/OMB)
White
|
21 Participants
n=5 Participants
|
|
Race (NIH/OMB)
More than one race
|
2 Participants
n=5 Participants
|
|
Race (NIH/OMB)
Unknown or Not Reported
|
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
|
PRIMARY outcome
Timeframe: pre-training (baseline); immediate post-training (30 minutes)Modified version of Teacher-Advocates Pre- and Post-Scale (TAPPS) Knowledge and confidence to support defenders was measured using a modified version of the TAPPS. The TAPPS is an 11 item survey that measures knowledge of buying behaviors, knowledge of how to support students using the STAC strategies, and confidence supporting students who intervene in bullying situations. Items are rated on a 4-point Likert Scale ranging from 1 (Totally Disagree) to 4 (Totally Agree) and were summed to compute a total scale score. Minimum =11; Maximum = 44 Higher scores are better outcomes
Outcome measures
| Measure |
STAC Parent Module
n=20 Participants
STAC Parent Module for Middle School: The STAC Parent Module is a 30-minute pre-recorded online presentation that includes normative feedback, didactic information, a review of the student STAC strategies and corresponding strategies parents can use to support students who act as defenders, and information about "perceptions vs. facts" about bullying.
|
|---|---|
|
Knowledge and Confidence to Support Defenders
Pre-Test
|
33.52 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 3.90
|
|
Knowledge and Confidence to Support Defenders
Post-Test
|
38.90 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 4.36
|
PRIMARY outcome
Timeframe: pre-training (baseline); immediate post-training (30 minutes)Modified version of Teacher's Attitudes about Bullying Questionnaire Confidence about managing bullying was measured using a modified version of the Teacher's Attitudes about Bullying Questionnaire. This questionnaire is a 22 item survey. The 3-item Confidence in Managing Bullying Subscale was used. Items are rated on a 5-point Likert Scale ranging from 1 (Strongly Disagree) to 5 (Strongly Agree) and are summed to compute a total scale score. Minimum = 3; Maximum = 15 Higher scores are better outcomes
Outcome measures
| Measure |
STAC Parent Module
n=20 Participants
STAC Parent Module for Middle School: The STAC Parent Module is a 30-minute pre-recorded online presentation that includes normative feedback, didactic information, a review of the student STAC strategies and corresponding strategies parents can use to support students who act as defenders, and information about "perceptions vs. facts" about bullying.
|
|---|---|
|
Confidence Managing Bullying
pre-test
|
12.00 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 2.00
|
|
Confidence Managing Bullying
post-test
|
13.75 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 1.21
|
PRIMARY outcome
Timeframe: pre-training (baseline); immediate post-training (30 minutes)National Education Association Bullying Survey Parent comfort with managing bullying was measured using items from the National Education Association Bullying Survey. Parents were asked "How comfortable would the participant feel intervening when the participant sees the following bullying behaviors?" followed by five types of bullying (a) Physical, (b) Verbal, (c) Relational, (d) Cyberbullying, and (e) Sexting . Items are rated on a 5-point Likert Scale ranging from 1 (Very Uncomfortable) to 5 (Very Comfortable) and are summed to compute a total scale score. Minimum = 5; Maximum = 25 Higher scores are better outcomes
Outcome measures
| Measure |
STAC Parent Module
n=20 Participants
STAC Parent Module for Middle School: The STAC Parent Module is a 30-minute pre-recorded online presentation that includes normative feedback, didactic information, a review of the student STAC strategies and corresponding strategies parents can use to support students who act as defenders, and information about "perceptions vs. facts" about bullying.
|
|---|---|
|
Comfort Managing Bullying
pre-test
|
11.04 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 3.67
|
|
Comfort Managing Bullying
post-test
|
13.70 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 1.84
|
PRIMARY outcome
Timeframe: pre-training (baseline); immediate post-training (30 minutes)National Education Association Bullying Survey Parental role in handling bullying situations was measured by four items from the National Education Association Bullying Survey. Items are rated on a 4-point Likert Scale ranging from 1 (Strongly Disagree) to 4 (Strongly Agree) and are summed to create the scale. Minimum = 4; Maximum = 16 Higher scores are better outcomes
Outcome measures
| Measure |
STAC Parent Module
n=20 Participants
STAC Parent Module for Middle School: The STAC Parent Module is a 30-minute pre-recorded online presentation that includes normative feedback, didactic information, a review of the student STAC strategies and corresponding strategies parents can use to support students who act as defenders, and information about "perceptions vs. facts" about bullying.
|
|---|---|
|
Parental Role
pre-test
|
12.17 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 2.27
|
|
Parental Role
post-test
|
13.95 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 2.09
|
PRIMARY outcome
Timeframe: pre-training (baseline); immediate post-training (30 minutes)Bullying Self-Efficacy Parents' perceptions of ability to help the participants' child respond to bullying were measured using a 6-item scale. Items are rated on a 4-point Likert Scale ranging from 1 (Not at All) to 4 (A Lot) and are summed to create the scale. Minimum = 6; Maximum = 24 Higher scores are better outcomes
Outcome measures
| Measure |
STAC Parent Module
n=20 Participants
STAC Parent Module for Middle School: The STAC Parent Module is a 30-minute pre-recorded online presentation that includes normative feedback, didactic information, a review of the student STAC strategies and corresponding strategies parents can use to support students who act as defenders, and information about "perceptions vs. facts" about bullying.
|
|---|---|
|
Bullying Self-Efficacy
post-test
|
22.50 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 1.67
|
|
Bullying Self-Efficacy
pre-test
|
20.44 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 2.37
|
PRIMARY outcome
Timeframe: pre-training (baseline); immediate post-training (30 minutes)Communication Self-Efficacy Parents' self-efficacy to talk with the participants' child about bullying was assessed using a 6-item scale. Items are rated on a 5-point Likert Scale ranging from 1 (Strongly Disagree) to 5 (Strongly Agree) and are summed to create the scale. Minimum = 6; Maximum = 30 Higher scores are better outcomes
Outcome measures
| Measure |
STAC Parent Module
n=20 Participants
STAC Parent Module for Middle School: The STAC Parent Module is a 30-minute pre-recorded online presentation that includes normative feedback, didactic information, a review of the student STAC strategies and corresponding strategies parents can use to support students who act as defenders, and information about "perceptions vs. facts" about bullying.
|
|---|---|
|
Communication Self-Efficacy
pre-test
|
25.39 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 3.01
|
|
Communication Self-Efficacy
post-test
|
27.75 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 2.27
|
PRIMARY outcome
Timeframe: pre-training (baseline); immediate post-training (30 minutes)Provictim Scale Attitudes about bullying were measured using the Provictim Scale, including 6 items that reflect anti-bullying attitudes. Items are rated on a 5-point Likert Scale ranging from 1 (Strongly Disagree) to 5 (Strongly Agree) and are summed to create the scale. Minimum = 6; Maximum = 30 Higher scores are better outcomes
Outcome measures
| Measure |
STAC Parent Module
n=20 Participants
STAC Parent Module for Middle School: The STAC Parent Module is a 30-minute pre-recorded online presentation that includes normative feedback, didactic information, a review of the student STAC strategies and corresponding strategies parents can use to support students who act as defenders, and information about "perceptions vs. facts" about bullying.
|
|---|---|
|
Attitudes About Bullying
pre-test
|
24.22 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 2.81
|
|
Attitudes About Bullying
post-test
|
25.65 score on a scale
Standard Deviation 3.12
|
PRIMARY outcome
Timeframe: immediate post-training (30 minutes)Use of STAC Strategies The intention to use Parent STAC strategies was measured using an adapted version of the Use of STAC Strategies for students and teachers. The 4-item measure asks parents "How likely is the participant to use these strategies to support the participants' adolescent to intervene in bullying in the future? a) Stealing the Show - support adolescents to use humor or distraction to get the attention away from the bullying situation, b) Turning it Over - support adolescents who tell the participant about bullying or support adolescents to report to an adult at school, c) Accompanying Others - support adolescents who reach out to a student who was a target of bullying, and d) Coaching Compassion - support adolescents who help the student who bullied develop empathy for the target." Items are rated on a 5-point Likert Scale ranging from 1 (Very Unlikely) to 5 (Very Likely).
Outcome measures
| Measure |
STAC Parent Module
n=20 Participants
STAC Parent Module for Middle School: The STAC Parent Module is a 30-minute pre-recorded online presentation that includes normative feedback, didactic information, a review of the student STAC strategies and corresponding strategies parents can use to support students who act as defenders, and information about "perceptions vs. facts" about bullying.
|
|---|---|
|
Intention to Use Parent STAC Strategies
Stealing the Show
|
14 Participants
|
|
Intention to Use Parent STAC Strategies
Turning it Over
|
19 Participants
|
|
Intention to Use Parent STAC Strategies
Accompanying Others
|
19 Participants
|
|
Intention to Use Parent STAC Strategies
Coaching Compassion
|
19 Participants
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: immediate post-training (30 minutes)Acceptability of the Parent STAC Training Program acceptability (e.g., how easy the program is to understand, utility of the program, program characteristics including interesting content and relevance of information and examples presented, participant learning, and interest in recommending program to others) was assessed using a social validity survey composed of 7 items. Items were ranked on a 4-point scale from 1 (Strongly Disagree) to 4 (Strongly Agree).
Outcome measures
| Measure |
STAC Parent Module
n=20 Participants
STAC Parent Module for Middle School: The STAC Parent Module is a 30-minute pre-recorded online presentation that includes normative feedback, didactic information, a review of the student STAC strategies and corresponding strategies parents can use to support students who act as defenders, and information about "perceptions vs. facts" about bullying.
|
|---|---|
|
Acceptability of the Parent STAC Training
Easy to understand
|
20 Participants
|
|
Acceptability of the Parent STAC Training
Interesting
|
18 Participants
|
|
Acceptability of the Parent STAC Training
Information Relevant
|
19 Participants
|
|
Acceptability of the Parent STAC Training
Examples Relevant
|
20 Participants
|
|
Acceptability of the Parent STAC Training
Learned something
|
18 Participants
|
|
Acceptability of the Parent STAC Training
Useful
|
18 Participants
|
|
Acceptability of the Parent STAC Training
Would recommend
|
19 Participants
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: immediate post-training (30 minutes)Interest in Receiving Bullying Prevention Participants were asked the question "how interested the participant would be in receiving a bullying prevention program." Responses were rated on a 5-point response scale with anchors ranging from 1 (Not at all Interested) to 5 (Extremely Interested).
Outcome measures
| Measure |
STAC Parent Module
n=20 Participants
STAC Parent Module for Middle School: The STAC Parent Module is a 30-minute pre-recorded online presentation that includes normative feedback, didactic information, a review of the student STAC strategies and corresponding strategies parents can use to support students who act as defenders, and information about "perceptions vs. facts" about bullying.
|
|---|---|
|
Interest in Receiving Bullying Prevention
|
20 Participants
|
SECONDARY outcome
Timeframe: immediate post-training (30 minutes)Features of A Technology-Based Program Participants were asked a series of questions regarding features (e.g., interactive, self-paced, based on research, designed by a reputable institution, containing slides, fact sheets, and quizzes) of a technology-based program. Items were rated on a 5-point scale from 1 (Not at All Important) to 5 (Extremely Important). The criteria for a participant to be counted as perceiving the feature to be important was for the participant to select the response rating 3 (Important), 4 (Very Important), or 5 (Extremely Important).
Outcome measures
| Measure |
STAC Parent Module
n=20 Participants
STAC Parent Module for Middle School: The STAC Parent Module is a 30-minute pre-recorded online presentation that includes normative feedback, didactic information, a review of the student STAC strategies and corresponding strategies parents can use to support students who act as defenders, and information about "perceptions vs. facts" about bullying.
|
|---|---|
|
Features of a Technology-Based Program
Interactive
|
14 Participants
|
|
Features of a Technology-Based Program
Self-paced
|
18 Participants
|
|
Features of a Technology-Based Program
Based on research
|
20 Participants
|
|
Features of a Technology-Based Program
Designed by reputable institution
|
18 Participants
|
|
Features of a Technology-Based Program
Have slides, fact sheets, and graphics
|
15 Participants
|
|
Features of a Technology-Based Program
Have quizzes
|
10 Participants
|
Adverse Events
STAC Parent Module
Serious adverse events
Adverse event data not reported
Other adverse events
Adverse event data not reported
Additional Information
Results disclosure agreements
- Principal investigator is a sponsor employee
- Publication restrictions are in place