Effectiveness of Educational Gamified Cards About Nephrotic Syndrome

NCT ID: NCT05904197

Last Updated: 2025-04-22

Basic Information

• Recruitment Status: COMPLETED
• Clinical Phase: NA
• Total Enrollment: 40 participants
• Study Classification: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Start Date: 2024-06-01
• Study Completion Date: 2024-11-30

Brief Summary

This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of educational innovative gamified cards about nephrotic syndrome for school age children on their outcomes and caregivers' practices

Detailed Description

Nephrotic Syndrome (NS) is the most common glomerular disorder in children, globally. Eighty percent of NS cases occur in preschool-aged children (less than 6 years of age). The ratio between boys and girls is approximately 2 to 1. It requires long-term treatment and can be recurrent. Steroid responsiveness is one of the critical determinants of the disease course. It has been reported to be 5% for steroid-sensitive NS and 40%-50% for steroid-resistant NS. Although up to approximately 85% of pediatric NS, patients are reportedly sensitive to steroids, most cases relapse, with around half having frequent relapses or becoming steroid-dependent. NS not only compromises the physical health of patients but also affects their psychological health, daily functioning, general well-being, and social functioning. Children with NS are not happy and not satisfied with their lives when compared with their healthy peers. Furthermore, corticosteroid (CS) therapy can cause behavioral abnormalities in children with NS. There was a strong positive correlation between using CS therapy for a long period and the development of psychiatric disorders such as aggression, anxiety, and depression.

Children with NS have unique nutrition support needs. Children should follow a healthy, age-appropriate diet to meet energy requirements and the daily recommended intake of protein. It is recommended to continue to limit sodium, saturated, and trans-saturated fat; as these have been linked to inflammation. Standardized diet recommendations are needed for the regulation of daily energy, sodium, calcium, and vitamin D intakes. Also, the management of the associated conditions and side effects of corticosteroid treatment should be considered. Studies on self-care in childhood NS are very few especially in developing countries (Eid et al, 2020; Rousselet al., 2019). Child education and self-care empowerment are key, which involve both the ability to care for oneself and the activities necessary to achieve, maintain, or promote one's optimal health. Through self-care, various outcomes may be achieved; for example, improved symptom control, coping with the illness, and quality of life (QoL).

In recent years, there has been a lot of attention given to the trend of including game elements in non-gaming facilities. The usage of gamification in education is a massive benefit for motivation, user interaction, and social effects. Gamification is recognized and implemented in diverse areas such as marketing, politics, industry, information technology, fitness exercise, and health . Health researchers and providers have started using gamification apps to deliver medical education online and through mobile apps. Many studies defined the technical term "gamification", it is a mechanism by which game design components are implemented in non-game environments. There are different studies on educational programs that prove the effectiveness of using technologies and gamification with children to promote healthy habits in the short term. Using game-based education, children experience opportunities to solve problems through analytical thinking and improve specific skills through training and adequate feedback. Engagement is also essential for programs designed to promote healthy behaviors.

The nursing role of a child with NS includes relief from edema, enhanced nutritional status, conservation energy, supplying sufficient information about the disease, considering the importance of compliance with the medication and nutritional therapy, and prevention of infection as well as relapse. The nursing Insufficient knowledge, poor compliance to medications, and health-related advice have diverse effects on children with NS including frequent relapse, drug toxicity, higher rates of complications, increased healthcare cost of NS, and high morbidity and mortality rates. In this study, we use empowering school-age children's and their caregivers' education through gamification to support children's self-care.

Conditions

Nephrotic Syndrome

Study Design

• Allocation Method: NA
• Intervention Model: SINGLE_GROUP
• Primary Study Purpose: SUPPORTIVE_CARE
• Blinding Strategy: NONE

Study Groups

School age children with nephrotic syndrome and their Caregivers

Children with NS will be expected to have higher knowledge scores about nephrotic syndrome post-intervention than pre-intervention.

Children with NS will be expected to have higher scores in healthcare-related practices including higher medication adherence post-intervention than pre-intervention.

Children with NS will be expected to have lower psychosocial problems post-intervention than pre-intervention.

Caregivers of children with NS will be expected to have higher knowledge scores about nephrotic syndrome post-intervention than pre-intervention.

Caregivers of children with NS will be expected to have higher scores in health care-related practices post-intervention than pre-intervention.

Group Type: OTHER

Gamified Cards about Nephrotic Syndrome

Intervention Type: OTHER

• The study intervention "Spin to Win - Nephro Cards" will include the following items with simple Arabic language and graphic designation appropriate to children's developmental levels including; nephrotic syndrome, hygiene practices, weight control, fluids, blood pressure control, diet, medication…etc.
• A spin wheel with numbers and images similar to the educational gamified cards will be designed. Children will request to spin the wheel. After the spin, the educational gamified "Nephro Cards" will reveal and discuss with the child.

Interventions

Gamified Cards about Nephrotic Syndrome

• The study intervention "Spin to Win - Nephro Cards" will include the following items with simple Arabic language and graphic designation appropriate to children's developmental levels including; nephrotic syndrome, hygiene practices, weight control, fluids, blood pressure control, diet, medication…etc.
• A spin wheel with numbers and images similar to the educational gamified cards will be designed. Children will request to spin the wheel. After the spin, the educational gamified "Nephro Cards" will reveal and discuss with the child.

Intervention Type: OTHER

Other Intervention Names

Spin to Win - Nephro Cards

Eligibility Criteria

Inclusion Criteria

• Children with confirmed diagnosis of NS.
• School age child aged between 7 to 12 years old of both gender

Exclusion Criteria

• Children with associated congenital anomalies.
• Children with mental retardation.

• Minimum Eligible Age: 7 Years
• Maximum Eligible Age: 12 Years
• Eligible Sex: ALL
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No

Sponsors

Mansoura University

OTHER

Sponsor Role: lead

Responsible Party

Sara Mustafa Hamza Taha

Assistant Lecturer

Responsibility Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Principal Investigators

Fawzia Abusaad, Prof

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Faculty of Nursing, Mansoura University, Egypt Republik

Locations

Faculty of Nursing, Mansoura University, Egypt Republik

Al Mansurah, , Egypt

Countries

Egypt

References

Zhimin L. Self-care in Chinese school-age children with nephrotic syndrome. MCN Am J Matern Child Nurs. 2003 Mar-Apr;28(2):81-5. doi: 10.1097/00005721-200303000-00008.

Reference Type: BACKGROUND

PMID: 12629312 (View on PubMed)

Krishnamurthy K, Selvaraj N, Gupta P, Cyriac B, Dhurairaj P, Abdullah A, Krishnapillai A, Lugova H, Haque M, Xie S, Ang ET. Benefits of gamification in medical education. Clin Anat. 2022 Sep;35(6):795-807. doi: 10.1002/ca.23916. Epub 2022 Jun 8.

Reference Type: BACKGROUND

PMID: 35637557 (View on PubMed)

Other Identifiers

Gamified Health Education

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id