A Randomized Comparison of UnderwateR Versus Regular Coagulation in Endoscopic Submucosal DissectioN and Third Space Endoscopy

NCT ID: NCT05804266

Last Updated: 2025-04-03

Basic Information

• Recruitment Status: COMPLETED
• Clinical Phase: NA
• Total Enrollment: 73 participants
• Study Classification: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Start Date: 2024-04-15
• Study Completion Date: 2025-03-31

Brief Summary

What the investigatorpropose in this protocol is a technique already used in clinical practice. It prevents the risk of bleeding and make third space endoscopy easier, quicker, safer and cheaper. Indeed, we noticed that preventive underwater coagulation of the candidate vessels during the submucosal dissection with the Hybrid Knife (HK), seal the wall of the vessel, resulting in a subsequent cut under CO2 without any bleeding. Such preventive coagulation is likely to be related with the conduction of the current underwater as it focalizes all the power on the interface between the vessel and the water, allowing a soft sealing of the vessel without cutting it. Despite widely used, there is no evidence up to know on the benefit and harm of such coagulation technique.

The hypothesis is that the use of this approach in clinical practice, especially when used to coagulate a vessel, may lead to an increase in safety, feasibility and cost-effectiveness, reducing the procedural time, the rate of complications and the need for coagulation forceps in comparison with the conventional preventive coagulation technique under CO2 insufflation. Therefore, this randomized study compares the underwater coagulation technique with the conventional coagulation technique in the CO2 setting during the submucosal dissection in third space endoscopy.

Detailed Description

POEM will be performed under general anaesthesia in the supine position. The location of the esophagogastric junction (EGJ) will be identified and, then, after submucosal injection of saline mixed with methylene blue, a 2-cm mucosal incision carried out at 5-6 o'clock position about 10 cm above the EGJ. After, a dissection of the underlying submucosa will be performed to access the submucosal space. Then, the dissection of the submucosal layer will be continued to create the submucosal tunnel down to the narrower submucosal space at the EGJ and 2-3 cm into the cardia. During the submucosal tunnelling, coagulation of vessels will be performed with HK using SWIFT COAG E3, 89 W in the underwater setting in the treatment arm or with the standard technique in the CO2-setting in the conventional group. After, the myotomy of the circular muscular layer will be performed from 2-3 cm below the mucosal incision until 2-3 cm below the EGJ in both groups. In some cases, a full thickness myotomy, including the longitudinal muscular layer, will be carried out. Finally, complete closure of the mucosal entry site will be achieved with haemostatic clips. The procedure time, the number of instrument exchanges and bleeding episodes requiring the use of coagulation forceps during the procedure will be documented from start of submucosal tunnelling until final clip closure in both groups.

Fujifilm high-definition gastroscopes (Fujifilm Co., Tokyo, Japan) with a 2.8-mm operative channel and a transparent distal cap attachment will be used in both groups. A submucosal lift with saline mixed with methylene blue through a 23 G injection needle will be accomplished for the mucosal entry. POEM will be carried out using a HK (Erbe Elektromedizin GmbH, Tübingen) in both groups. This instrument has an outer diameter of 2.1 mm and an inner diameter of 1.2 mm with both electrosurgical and water-jet (WJ) surgery technologies in one device. The HK combines needle-less submucosal injection, cutting, dissection and coagulation in one instrument. The modular VIO generator (VIO 3, Erbe Elektromedizin GmbH, Tübingen, Germany) will be used as an electrosurgical system in combination with the ERBEJet 2 WJ surgery system in both groups. A slightly methylene blue-stained isotonic saline solution will be used for submucosal injection with the WJ technique in both groups. Mucosal incision and myotomy will be carried out using ENDO CUT Q 2-3-3 and ENDO CUT Q 2-3-3, respectively, in both groups.

Conditions

Gastrointestinal Diseases; Endoscopic Surgery

Study Design

• Allocation Method: RANDOMIZED
• Intervention Model: PARALLEL
• Primary Study Purpose: TREATMENT
• Blinding Strategy: NONE

Study Groups

Conventional coagulation of vessels

during study procedure accomplished under CO2-insufflation with the HK using SWIFT COAG E3, 89 W for POEM and SWIFT COAG E4, 124 W for ESD

Group Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR

Coventional coagulation

Intervention Type: PROCEDURE

In the conventional group, the haemostasis of vessels will be performed with the conventional coagulation technique under CO2 insufflation. First, submucosal fibres surrounding a blood vessel will be dissected and the vessel will be isolated. After, both sides of the isolated vessel will be coagulated using SWIFT COAG E3, 89 W for POEM and SWIFT COAG E4, 124 W for ESD until the blood vessel turns white and can be finally cut.

Underwater coagulation of vessels

during study procedure carried out in the underwater setting with the HK using SWIFT COAG E3, 89 W for POEM and SWIFT COAG E4, 124 W for ESD

Group Type: EXPERIMENTAL

Underwater coagulation

Intervention Type: PROCEDURE

In the treatment group, the prophylactic haemostasis of vessels will be accomplished by the underwater coagulation technique. First, physiological solution will be instilled until there is no more air around the blood vessel. Then, the vessel will be coagulated using SWIFT COAG E3, 89 W for POEM and SWIFT COAG E4, 124 W for ESD until it turns white and, after the removal of all the physiological solution, can be finally cut.

Interventions

Coventional coagulation

In the conventional group, the haemostasis of vessels will be performed with the conventional coagulation technique under CO2 insufflation. First, submucosal fibres surrounding a blood vessel will be dissected and the vessel will be isolated. After, both sides of the isolated vessel will be coagulated using SWIFT COAG E3, 89 W for POEM and SWIFT COAG E4, 124 W for ESD until the blood vessel turns white and can be finally cut.

Intervention Type: PROCEDURE

Underwater coagulation

In the treatment group, the prophylactic haemostasis of vessels will be accomplished by the underwater coagulation technique. First, physiological solution will be instilled until there is no more air around the blood vessel. Then, the vessel will be coagulated using SWIFT COAG E3, 89 W for POEM and SWIFT COAG E4, 124 W for ESD until it turns white and, after the removal of all the physiological solution, can be finally cut.

Intervention Type: PROCEDURE

Eligibility Criteria

Inclusion Criteria

All >18 years-old patients undergoing ESD for superificial GI neoplastic lesions or POEM for esophageal achalasia

Exclusion Criteria

patients on antithrombotic/anticoagulant therapy patients suffering from bleeding disorders patients with esophageal and/or gastric varices patients previously treated for the same reason patients who were not able or refused to give informed written consent. vessels smaller than the knife inner diameter (1.2 mm)

• Minimum Eligible Age: 18 Years
• Eligible Sex: ALL
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No

Sponsors

Istituto Clinico Humanitas

OTHER

Sponsor Role: lead

Responsible Party

Responsibility Role: SPONSOR

Locations

Humanitas Research Hospital

Milan, Italy, Italy

Countries

Italy

References

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Reference Type: BACKGROUND

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Reference Type: BACKGROUND

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Horikawa Y, Toyonaga T, Mizutamari H, Mimori N, Kato Y, Fushimi S, Okubo S. Feasibility of Knife-Coagulated Cut in Gastric Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection: A Case-Control Study. Digestion. 2016;94(4):192-198. doi: 10.1159/000450994. Epub 2016 Dec 9.

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Other Identifiers

CURRENT ID 3303

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id