Methadone vs. Transdermal Fentanyl for Opioid Withdrawal Syndrome

NCT ID: NCT05697783

Last Updated: 2024-03-15

Basic Information

• Recruitment Status: COMPLETED
• Total Enrollment: 100 participants
• Study Classification: OBSERVATIONAL
• Study Start Date: 2023-12-01
• Study Completion Date: 2024-02-01

Brief Summary

Many patients in the general intensive care unit experience pain, as a result of an injury or underlying disease, surgery or an invasive procedure.

Pain management is an integral part of the treatment of critical patients, and this is first and foremost to alleviate their suffering. Along with this, there is another therapeutic benefit in the form of relief from symptoms accompanying pain such as an increase in oxygen consumption, immune changes, hyper metabolism etc.

Currently, the pain treatment is based on a multi-modal analgesia approach in which drugs from several drug groups and different mechanisms are given, in order to relieve the pain by suppressing several nerve and inflammatory pathways. However, the treatment is still based on opioids, despite multiple adverse effects, including tolerance and withdrawal syndrome.

Opioids affect several receptors, mainly the µ receptor, in an agonistic, antagonistic or agonistic-antagonistic manner. The main opioids used for pain relief in the intensive care unit are morphine, fentanyl and remifentanil.

After prolonged treatment with opioids, a sudden cessation of their use will result in a withdrawal syndrome which will manifest itself in delirium, restlessness, hypertension, anxiety, sweating, vomiting etc. (2-3). In order to avoid the withdrawal syndrome, the dose must be tapered down gradually, often using alternative long-term opioids, such as methadone and buprenorphine (-4).

In the general intensive care unit at our institution, patients were treated with fentanyl patches in decreasing doses in order to lead the patient safely through the withdrawal syndrome, while trying to reduce the negative physiological effects as much as possible. In November 2021, we started using oral methadone instead of fentanyl patches, as a long acting opioid, as used in many ICU's worldwide, in order to avoid withdrawal syndrome in patients who received continuous infusion of short-acting opioids, such as remifentanil, for long periods of time while being intubated and ventilated. In the past year since the methadone treatment was started, 50 patients were treated in the unit with methadone with the indication of relieving the withdrawal symptoms from opioids.

We intent to investigate whether there is a difference in the incidence of delirium in patients who were treated with methadone vs patients who were treated with fentanyl patches in order to alleviate withdrawal symptoms.

Conditions

Delirium in the Intensive Care Unit

Study Design

• Observational Model Type: COHORT
• Study Time Perspective: RETROSPECTIVE

Study Groups

Methadone-treated group

Administration of methadone instead of fentanyl patch

Intervention Type: DRUG

comparison of delirium rates in methadone vs fentanyl patch treated patients

Fentanyl-patch treated group

No interventions assigned to this group

Interventions

Administration of methadone instead of fentanyl patch

comparison of delirium rates in methadone vs fentanyl patch treated patients

Intervention Type: DRUG

Other Intervention Names

comparison of delirium rates in methadone vs fentanyl patch treated patients

Eligibility Criteria

Inclusion Criteria

-

Exclusion Criteria

-

• Minimum Eligible Age: 18 Years
• Maximum Eligible Age: 99 Years
• Eligible Sex: ALL
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No

Sponsors

Meir Medical Center

OTHER

Sponsor Role: lead

Responsible Party

sara dichtwald

Dr

Responsibility Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Locations

Meir medical center Kfar Saba

Kfar Saba, , Israel

Countries

Israel

Other Identifiers

0008-23-MMC

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id