Observation on the Efficacy and Mechanism of SLIT With Dust Mite Allergen for PAR

NCT ID: NCT05570383

Last Updated: 2022-10-06

Basic Information

• Recruitment Status: UNKNOWN
• Clinical Phase: PHASE2/PHASE3
• Total Enrollment: 60 participants
• Study Classification: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Start Date: 2022-12-01
• Study Completion Date: 2024-12-30

Brief Summary

Allergic rhinitis is a common and recurrent ear, nose and throat (ENT) disease. It is a chronic or seasonal condition affecting 10% to 20% of the world's population. It is considered one of the most difficult diseases to treat globally and has become a major global health problem.

SUblingual immunotherapy (SIT) is currently considered to be an effective pairings therapy that can alter the natural progression of allergic rhinitis through immunomodulatory mechanisms. Immunotherapy is more suitable for patients with moderate to severe intermittent or persistent allergic rhinitis, especially for those with poor drug treatment. This treatment can significantly reduce the severity of allergic rhinitis, reduce the use of allergy medications, and improve the quality of life for many patients.

In the development of allergic rhinitis, the regulation of immune balance in Th1 / Th2 / Th17 cells is currently considered to be an important approach in the treatment of allergic rhinitis. But a growing body of evidence suggests that an intrinsic immune response is also the pathogenesis of allergic rhinitis. Innate lymphocytes are involved in mucosal immune formation, lymphocyte development, tissue damage repair and epithelial barrier protection, and play an important role in fighting infection, regulating inflammation and maintaining immune homeostasis. Three subsets of intrinsic lymphocytes (ILC1s, ILC2s, ILC3s) have been proposed to functionally approximate Th1, Th2, and Th17 in helper T lymphocytes (Th), but the results are inconclusive and the mechanism of ILCs role in AR progression is not fully elucidated.

Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and mechanism of subglossal immunotherapy for perennial allergic rhinitis, and to reveal the correlation between ILCs (ILC1s, ILC2s, ILC3s) and Th1 / Th2 / Th17 cell immunity, and to provide a basis for clinical studies of allergic rhinitis.

Detailed Description

Allergic rhinitis (AR) has become a major chronic respiratory inflammatory disease and is considered to be one of the global refractory diseases. and it has become an important global health problem.

The treatment of AR mainly includes environmental control, drug therapy, immunotherapy, etc. Studies have shown that the positive rate of dust mite allergen skin prick test in AR patients can reach 70%. Dust mites are considered to be the main allergens causing allergic diseases such as allergic rhinitis and asthma, which are ubiquitous in clinical living environments. Since it is difficult for patients to completely avoid exposure to dust mites in real life, it has attracted more and more attention of scholars to change the allergic constitution of patients by Specific immunotherapy SIT.

Specific immunotherapy is currently considered to be a more certain therapeutic approach in addition to allergen avoidance, which is the etiological treatment for IgE-mediated type I allergic disease. To gradually increase the dose of allergen extracts, gradually induced the body's immune tolerance, achieve when again contact allergens in patients with symptoms significantly reduce, or even not occur, the effect of this effect at the end of the treatment with sustainable for several years, is considered the only can be adjusted by the immune mechanism to change the allergic disease effective method for treatment of natural processes, Its safety and efficacy have been proved in clinical treatment by modifying immune function to change disease progression. Currently, SIT mainly consists of Subcutaneous immunotherapy (SCIT) and Sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT), which is divided into dose accumulation and dose maintenance phases. Standardized allergenic vaccines should be used for immunotherapy. This therapy can significantly reduce the severity of AR, reduce the use of anti-allergic drugs, and improve the quality of life of many patients. Especially for children, immunotherapy can not only reduce allergic symptoms, but also prevent the development of allergic rhinitis to asthma and other severe sensitization reactions. According to the AR recognition guidelines, immunotherapy is more suitable for patients with moderate-severe intermittent or persistent AR, especially for those with poor drug treatment effect.

Compared with SCIT, SLIT is relatively simple to operate, non-invasive, well tolerated and safe. The risk of systemic adverse reactions is low. In addition, allergen vaccines can be administered at home by patients or guardians under the guidance of doctors, which reduces the frequency of hospital visits, thus being highly recommended by clinical practice.

The allergen vaccine of SLIT is mainly dust mite drops in China. The application of Sublingual immunotherapy of dust mite allergen in the clinical treatment of AR began in 1986. The way of administration of Sublingual immunotherapy is different from subcutaneous immunotherapy: allergen vaccine is placed under the tongue, swallowed after several minutes of absorption, and the vaccine is ingested into the body through the oral mucosa. In 1993, the European Society of Clinical Immunology and Allergy proposed that sublingual immunotherapy was safer and more effective than subcutaneous immunotherapy. In 1998, SLIT was proposed by WHO to be used for adult allergic rhinitis. In 2001, the ARIA group of the World Health Organization pointed out that SLIT can effectively treat AR and patients can reduce the use of drugs, which has led to SLIT receiving increasing attention worldwide. In 2013, the World Allergy Organization (WAO) not only affirmed the clinical efficacy and safety of SLIT in its position paper, but also recommended SLIT as an initial and early clinical treatment for allergic diseases. Its application does not need to be based on the premise of drug treatment failure. Allergen-specific immunotherapy was proposed as the first-line therapy for AR in the 2015 new edition of Chinese guidelines, which is recommended for clinical use.

Allergic rhinitis is a non-infectious chronic inflammatory disease of nasal mucosa mainly mediated by immunoglobulin E (IgE) after atopic individuals are exposed to allergens. According to the type of allergen, AR can be divided into seasonal and perennial. According to the course of disease can be divided into intermittent and persistent; The impact on quality of life is divided into mild and moderate-severe. Current studies have shown that Th1 / Th2 / Th17 cell immune imbalance is an important mechanism of AR pathogenesis.

In the development of AR, T cells are the only cells that directly react with antigen. Helper T lymphocytes Th cells are derived from precursor cells that produce InterLeukin-2. After initial stimulation, these cells develop into Th0 cells (CD4+T cells). It can produce interferon-γ (IFN-γ), IL-2, IL-4 and IL-5, and Th0 cells can be differentiated into Th1 cells under the induction of IL-12 and IFN-γ according to the action of cytokines. It secretes IFN-γ, IL-2 and Tumor necrosis factor β (TNF-β) to participate in cellular immune response. Under the induction of IL-4, they differentiate into Th2 cells and secrete IL-4, IL-5, IL-13, IL-8 and other cytokines to participate in humoral immune response. Th17 is a new type of T helper lymphocyte, which is a pro-inflammatory cell that can activate the body's inflammatory response and participate in the regulation of the autoimmune system. It was discovered in 2003 and got its name because it can secrete iconic factors such as IL-17 and IL-23, and it plays an important role in the body's self-immune response.

In the occurrence and development of AR, IFN-γ, IL-4 and IL-17 are the main effectors of Th1, Th2 and Th17 respectively. It has been reported that IL-4 immune inflammatory factor released by Th2 cells has a regulatory effect on the level of IgE. However, IFN-γ released by Th1 cells has an inhibitory effect on IL-4 secretion by Th2 cells. Il-17 is a cytokine secreted by Th17 cells with strong proinflammatory effect. Serum IL-17 in patients is positively correlated with IgE level, and its increased level can be used as an indicator for the diagnosis of AR. Therefore, regulating the immune balance of Th1 / Th2 / Th17 cells is an important way to treat AR. However, increasing evidence shows that innate immune response is also the pathogenesis of AR.

The innate immune system is the first line of defense against invading pathogens or antigens, and its response is rapid and non-specific. Subsequently, the activated adaptive immune system performs complete elimination of specific antigens. Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs), as an important effector cell population of Innate immunity, are characterized by three major characteristics: they do not undergo receptor gene rearrangement and clonal selection, lack of phenotypic markers of myeloid cells and dendritic cells, and their morphology belongs to the lymphoid lineage. ILCs are mostly tissue-resident lymphocytes, mainly distributed in the tonsil, broncho-lung, intestinal tract, skin and other mucosal barrier sites. ILCs are involved in mucosal immune formation, lymphocyte development, tissue damage repair and epithelial barrier protection, and play an important role in fighting infection, regulating inflammation and maintaining immune homeostasis.

According to the phenotype and cytokines secreted by ILCs, ILCs can be divided into 3 subsets of type 1, 2 and 3 innate lymphocytes (ILC1s, ILC2s and ILC3s), which are functionally approximately corresponding to Th1, Th2 and Th17 of Th cells. ILC1s includes natural killer cells (NK) and ILC1 cells, which depend on T-box transcription factor (T-BET) and produce large amounts of interferon (IFN-γ) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). The development of ILC2s depends on the transcription factor GATA3 to produce Th2-type cytokines and other effector molecules, such as IL-4, IL-5, IL-9, IL-13 and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), which drive the development of type 2 immune response. Moreover, unlike T cells, which recognize specific antigens, ILC2s respond to nonspecific cytokines, including IL-25, IL-33, and Thymic stromal lymphocytes produce hormone. TSLP can stimulate the activation and proliferation of ILC2s to produce a large amount of IL-5 and IL-13, resulting in airway inflammation and airway hyperresponsiveness. ILC3s depend on the transcription factor RORTt to produce cytokines IL-17 and IL-22 similar to Th17.

Some studies have found that after the nasal epithelium of AR patients is stimulated by allergens, the pro-inflammatory cytokines in the epithelium increase, and IL-25, IL-33 and TSLP can be detected in the nasal lavage fluid of patients with house dust mite (HDM) allergy. However, the level of IL-25 released by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) will be up-regulated after basophils of birch and pollen allergy patients are stimulated by allergens. Have the study showed that the amount of ILC2 in nasal epithelial cells of patients with allergic fungal sinusitis increased and was positively regulated by IL-25 derived from epithelial cells, which were positively correlated with the expression levels of IL-5 and IL-13 in nasal mucosa. Other studies have shown that the number of ILC2 in peripheral blood of patients with HDM allergy is increased, and its number change is positively correlated with the severity of symptoms. Studies on AR caused by plant allergens found that during the grass pollen season, the number of ILC2 and ILC3 in peripheral blood of patients with grass pollen allergy increased, while the number of ILC1 did not change significantly. However, other study found that the number of ILC2 in peripheral blood of AR patients did not increase, but that of asthma patients increased. There is no consensus on whether the number of ILC2s in peripheral blood of AR patients is increased.

In conclusion, the mechanism of AR is mainly related to the imbalance of Th1 / Th2 / Th17 cell immunity, but more and more evidence shows that innate immune response is also the pathogenesis of AR, and the specific mechanism of ILCs in the development of AR has not been fully elucidated.

In conclusion, the mechanism of AR is mainly related to the imbalance of Th1 / Th2 / Th17 cell immunity, but more and more evidence shows that innate immune response is also the pathogenesis of AR, and the specific mechanism of ILCs in the development of AR has not been fully elucidated. Therefore, this study aims to explore the efficacy of sublingual desensitization in the treatment of perennial allergic rhinitis and its mechanism of action on ILCs, reveal the correlation between ILCs (ILC1s, ILC2s, ILC3s) and Th1 / Th2 / Th17 cell immunity, and provide research basis for clinical research on AR.

Conditions

Allergic Rhinitis

Study Design

• Allocation Method: RANDOMIZED
• Intervention Model: PARALLEL
• Primary Study Purpose: TREATMENT
• Blinding Strategy: TRIPLE

Study Groups

In the control group

Half of the subjects（30 subjects）will be assigned to the control group，they will be using the Mometasone furoate nasal spray (Nasonex).

Group Type: PLACEBO_COMPARATOR

Dust mite drops (trade name: Changdi, Zhejiang Tawu Biotechnology Co. Ltd.).

Intervention Type: DRUG

The experimental group will be with Sublingual immunotherapy (trade name: Changdi, Zhejiang Tawu Biotechnology Co., Ltd.). The control group will be with Mometasone Furoate Aqueous Nasal Spray (NASUNA); The treatment course of the two groups will be 3 months.

The experimental group

Half of the subjects (30) will be assigned to the experimental group. Received sublingual dust mite drops (trade name: Changdi, Zhejiang Wuwu Biotechnology Co., LTD.) for sublingual immunotherapy.

Group Type: EXPERIMENTAL

Dust mite drops (trade name: Changdi, Zhejiang Tawu Biotechnology Co. Ltd.).

Intervention Type: DRUG

The experimental group will be with Sublingual immunotherapy (trade name: Changdi, Zhejiang Tawu Biotechnology Co., Ltd.). The control group will be with Mometasone Furoate Aqueous Nasal Spray (NASUNA); The treatment course of the two groups will be 3 months.

Interventions

Dust mite drops (trade name: Changdi, Zhejiang Tawu Biotechnology Co. Ltd.).

The experimental group will be with Sublingual immunotherapy (trade name: Changdi, Zhejiang Tawu Biotechnology Co., Ltd.). The control group will be with Mometasone Furoate Aqueous Nasal Spray (NASUNA); The treatment course of the two groups will be 3 months.

Intervention Type: DRUG

Other Intervention Names

Brucelated mamisone nasal spray, consisting mainly of an antacid mamisone, measuring 10ml, 50μg x 60 press (0.05%).

Eligibility Criteria

Inclusion Criteria

1. Those who meet the above diagnostic criteria;

2. The course of disease is at least one year;

3. Over 18 years old to under 65 years old, both sexes;

4. Did not receive specific immunotherapy in the past 1 month or did not use any drugs for AR in the past 1 week;

5. Those with normal cognitive function agree to participate in this study and sign the informed consent form.

2. Patients with severe nasal septum deviation, chronic rhinosinusitis, bronchial asthma, nasal polyps, upper respiratory tract infection, lung infection and other diseases;

3. Patients with severe dysfunction of heart, liver, kidney or autoimmune diseases;

4. pregnant or lactating women;

5. Allergic constitution and allergic to the experimental drugs and ingredients;

6. Patients with drug addiction history;

7. Patients with major neuropsychiatric diseases who cannot take medication regularly;

8. Patients who are participating in other clinical trials. Patients who met any of the above criteria were excluded.

• Minimum Eligible Age: 18 Years
• Maximum Eligible Age: 65 Years
• Eligible Sex: ALL
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No

Sponsors

People's Hospital of Anshun City of Guizhou Province

OTHER

Sponsor Role: lead

Responsible Party

Guangjun Tang

PHAnshun

Responsibility Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Principal Investigators

Guangjun Tang, MD

Role: STUDY_CHAIR

Principal Investigator

Long Chai, MM

Role: STUDY_DIRECTOR

Head of Otolaryngology

Fangming Chen, MB

Role: STUDY_DIRECTOR

Director

Locations

Guangjun Tang

Anshan, Guizhou, China

Countries

China

Central Contacts

Guangjun Tang, MD

Role: CONTACT

tgjdoctor@163.com

86+13595302195

Long Chai, MM

Role: CONTACT

lcassrmyy2022@163.com

13985740068

Facility Contacts

Long Chai, MM

Role: primary

lcassrmyy2022@163.com

86+13985740068

Fangming Chen, MB

Role: backup

cfangming2022@163.com

86+18985735028

References

Brozek JL, Bousquet J, Baena-Cagnani CE, Bonini S, Canonica GW, Casale TB, van Wijk RG, Ohta K, Zuberbier T, Schunemann HJ; Global Allergy and Asthma European Network; Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation Working Group. Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma (ARIA) guidelines: 2010 revision. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2010 Sep;126(3):466-76. doi: 10.1016/j.jaci.2010.06.047.

Reference Type: RESULT

PMID: 20816182 (View on PubMed)

Greiner AN, Hellings PW, Rotiroti G, Scadding GK. Allergic rhinitis. Lancet. 2011 Dec 17;378(9809):2112-22. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(11)60130-X. Epub 2011 Jul 23.

Reference Type: RESULT

PMID: 21783242 (View on PubMed)

Grossman J. One airway, one disease. Chest. 1997 Feb;111(2 Suppl):11S-16S. doi: 10.1378/chest.111.2_supplement.11s.

Reference Type: RESULT

PMID: 9042022 (View on PubMed)

Ke X, Shen Y, Hu X, Yuan XD, Kang HY, Wang XQ, Hong SL. [Association between IL-27 gene polymorphisms and susceptibility to allergic rhinitis]. Lin Chuang Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi. 2016 May 5;30(9):684-688. doi: 10.13201/j.issn.1001-1781.2016.09.004. Chinese.

Reference Type: RESULT

PMID: 29771013 (View on PubMed)

Zhang YT, Zhang X, Li PZ. [Comparison of PedsQL4.0 and RQLQ scales in the assessment of the quality of life in children with allergic rhinitis]. Lin Chuang Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi. 2017 Jan;31(1):27-29. doi: 10.13201/j.issn.1001-1781.2017.01.008. Chinese.

Reference Type: RESULT

PMID: 29774680 (View on PubMed)

Bauchau V, Durham SR. Prevalence and rate of diagnosis of allergic rhinitis in Europe. Eur Respir J. 2004 Nov;24(5):758-64. doi: 10.1183/09031936.04.00013904.

Reference Type: RESULT

PMID: 15516669 (View on PubMed)

Bousquet J, Anto JM, Bachert C, Baiardini I, Bosnic-Anticevich S, Walter Canonica G, Melen E, Palomares O, Scadding GK, Togias A, Toppila-Salmi S. Allergic rhinitis. Nat Rev Dis Primers. 2020 Dec 3;6(1):95. doi: 10.1038/s41572-020-00227-0.

Reference Type: RESULT

PMID: 33273461 (View on PubMed)

Bousquet J, Khaltaev N, Cruz AA, Denburg J, Fokkens WJ, Togias A, Zuberbier T, Baena-Cagnani CE, Canonica GW, van Weel C, Agache I, Ait-Khaled N, Bachert C, Blaiss MS, Bonini S, Boulet LP, Bousquet PJ, Camargos P, Carlsen KH, Chen Y, Custovic A, Dahl R, Demoly P, Douagui H, Durham SR, van Wijk RG, Kalayci O, Kaliner MA, Kim YY, Kowalski ML, Kuna P, Le LT, Lemiere C, Li J, Lockey RF, Mavale-Manuel S, Meltzer EO, Mohammad Y, Mullol J, Naclerio R, O'Hehir RE, Ohta K, Ouedraogo S, Palkonen S, Papadopoulos N, Passalacqua G, Pawankar R, Popov TA, Rabe KF, Rosado-Pinto J, Scadding GK, Simons FE, Toskala E, Valovirta E, van Cauwenberge P, Wang DY, Wickman M, Yawn BP, Yorgancioglu A, Yusuf OM, Zar H, Annesi-Maesano I, Bateman ED, Ben Kheder A, Boakye DA, Bouchard J, Burney P, Busse WW, Chan-Yeung M, Chavannes NH, Chuchalin A, Dolen WK, Emuzyte R, Grouse L, Humbert M, Jackson C, Johnston SL, Keith PK, Kemp JP, Klossek JM, Larenas-Linnemann D, Lipworth B, Malo JL, Marshall GD, Naspitz C, Nekam K, Niggemann B, Nizankowska-Mogilnicka E, Okamoto Y, Orru MP, Potter P, Price D, Stoloff SW, Vandenplas O, Viegi G, Williams D; World Health Organization; GA(2)LEN; AllerGen. Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma (ARIA) 2008 update (in collaboration with the World Health Organization, GA(2)LEN and AllerGen). Allergy. 2008 Apr;63 Suppl 86:8-160. doi: 10.1111/j.1398-9995.2007.01620.x. No abstract available.

Reference Type: RESULT

PMID: 18331513 (View on PubMed)

Seidman MD, Gurgel RK, Lin SY, Schwartz SR, Baroody FM, Bonner JR, Dawson DE, Dykewicz MS, Hackell JM, Han JK, Ishman SL, Krouse HJ, Malekzadeh S, Mims JW, Omole FS, Reddy WD, Wallace DV, Walsh SA, Warren BE, Wilson MN, Nnacheta LC; Guideline Otolaryngology Development Group. AAO-HNSF. Clinical practice guideline: Allergic rhinitis. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2015 Feb;152(1 Suppl):S1-43. doi: 10.1177/0194599814561600.

Reference Type: RESULT

PMID: 25644617 (View on PubMed)

Kenney P, Hilberg O, Laursen AC, Peel RG, Sigsgaard T. Preventive effect of nasal filters on allergic rhinitis: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover park study. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2015 Dec;136(6):1566-1572.e5. doi: 10.1016/j.jaci.2015.05.015. Epub 2015 Jun 30.

Reference Type: RESULT

PMID: 26141263 (View on PubMed)

Schwetz S, Olze H, Melchisedech S, Grigorov A, Latza R. Efficacy of pollen blocker cream in the treatment of allergic rhinitis. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2004 Aug;130(8):979-84. doi: 10.1001/archotol.130.8.979.

Reference Type: RESULT

PMID: 15313870 (View on PubMed)

Bozek A, Kolodziejczyk K, Kozlowska R, Canonica GW. Evidence of the efficacy and safety of house dust mite subcutaneous immunotherapy in elderly allergic rhinitis patients: a randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled trial. Clin Transl Allergy. 2017 Dec 1;7:43. doi: 10.1186/s13601-017-0180-9. eCollection 2017.

Reference Type: RESULT

PMID: 29214012 (View on PubMed)

Khinchi MS, Poulsen LK, Carat F, Andre C, Hansen AB, Malling HJ. Clinical efficacy of sublingual and subcutaneous birch pollen allergen-specific immunotherapy: a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, double-dummy study. Allergy. 2004 Jan;59(1):45-53. doi: 10.1046/j.1398-9995.2003.00387.x.

Reference Type: RESULT

PMID: 14674933 (View on PubMed)

Gidaro GB, Marcucci F, Sensi L, Incorvaia C, Frati F, Ciprandi G. The safety of sublingual-swallow immunotherapy: an analysis of published studies. Clin Exp Allergy. 2005 May;35(5):565-71. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2222.2005.02240.x.

Reference Type: RESULT

PMID: 15898976 (View on PubMed)

Marogna M, Spadolini I, Massolo A, Canonica GW, Passalacqua G. Randomized controlled open study of sublingual immunotherapy for respiratory allergy in real-life: clinical efficacy and more. Allergy. 2004 Nov;59(11):1205-10. doi: 10.1111/j.1398-9995.2004.00508.x.

Reference Type: RESULT

PMID: 15461603 (View on PubMed)

Canonica GW, Cox L, Pawankar R, Baena-Cagnani CE, Blaiss M, Bonini S, Bousquet J, Calderon M, Compalati E, Durham SR, van Wijk RG, Larenas-Linnemann D, Nelson H, Passalacqua G, Pfaar O, Rosario N, Ryan D, Rosenwasser L, Schmid-Grendelmeier P, Senna G, Valovirta E, Van Bever H, Vichyanond P, Wahn U, Yusuf O. Sublingual immunotherapy: World Allergy Organization position paper 2013 update. World Allergy Organ J. 2014 Mar 28;7(1):6. doi: 10.1186/1939-4551-7-6.

Reference Type: RESULT

PMID: 24679069 (View on PubMed)

Alvarez-Cuesta E, Bousquet J, Canonica GW, Durham SR, Malling HJ, Valovirta E; EAACI, Immunotherapy Task Force. Standards for practical allergen-specific immunotherapy. Allergy. 2006;61 Suppl 82:1-20. doi: 10.1111/j.1398-9995.2006.01219_1.x. No abstract available.

Reference Type: RESULT

PMID: 16930249 (View on PubMed)

Cox L, Nelson H, Lockey R, Calabria C, Chacko T, Finegold I, Nelson M, Weber R, Bernstein DI, Blessing-Moore J, Khan DA, Lang DM, Nicklas RA, Oppenheimer J, Portnoy JM, Randolph C, Schuller DE, Spector SL, Tilles S, Wallace D. Allergen immunotherapy: a practice parameter third update. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2011 Jan;127(1 Suppl):S1-55. doi: 10.1016/j.jaci.2010.09.034. Epub 2010 Dec 3. No abstract available.

Reference Type: RESULT

PMID: 21122901 (View on PubMed)

Brozek JL, Bousquet J, Agache I, Agarwal A, Bachert C, Bosnic-Anticevich S, Brignardello-Petersen R, Canonica GW, Casale T, Chavannes NH, Correia de Sousa J, Cruz AA, Cuello-Garcia CA, Demoly P, Dykewicz M, Etxeandia-Ikobaltzeta I, Florez ID, Fokkens W, Fonseca J, Hellings PW, Klimek L, Kowalski S, Kuna P, Laisaar KT, Larenas-Linnemann DE, Lodrup Carlsen KC, Manning PJ, Meltzer E, Mullol J, Muraro A, O'Hehir R, Ohta K, Panzner P, Papadopoulos N, Park HS, Passalacqua G, Pawankar R, Price D, Riva JJ, Roldan Y, Ryan D, Sadeghirad B, Samolinski B, Schmid-Grendelmeier P, Sheikh A, Togias A, Valero A, Valiulis A, Valovirta E, Ventresca M, Wallace D, Waserman S, Wickman M, Wiercioch W, Yepes-Nunez JJ, Zhang L, Zhang Y, Zidarn M, Zuberbier T, Schunemann HJ. Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma (ARIA) guidelines-2016 revision. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2017 Oct;140(4):950-958. doi: 10.1016/j.jaci.2017.03.050. Epub 2017 Jun 8.

Reference Type: RESULT

PMID: 28602936 (View on PubMed)

Ren M, Tang Q, Chen F, Xing X, Huang Y, Tan X. Mahuang Fuzi Xixin Decoction Attenuates Th1 and Th2 Responses in the Treatment of Ovalbumin-Induced Allergic Inflammation in a Rat Model of Allergic Rhinitis. J Immunol Res. 2017;2017:8254324. doi: 10.1155/2017/8254324. Epub 2017 Jul 13.

Reference Type: RESULT

PMID: 28785597 (View on PubMed)

Zou XL, Chen ZG, Zhang TT, Feng DY, Li HT, Yang HL. Th17/Treg homeostasis, but not Th1/Th2 homeostasis, is implicated in exacerbation of human bronchial asthma. Ther Clin Risk Manag. 2018 Sep 6;14:1627-1636. doi: 10.2147/TCRM.S172262. eCollection 2018.

Reference Type: RESULT

PMID: 30233198 (View on PubMed)

Zhang HL, Zheng XY, Zhu J. Th1/Th2/Th17/Treg cytokines in Guillain-Barre syndrome and experimental autoimmune neuritis. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev. 2013 Oct;24(5):443-53. doi: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2013.05.005. Epub 2013 Jun 21.

Reference Type: RESULT

PMID: 23791985 (View on PubMed)

Brown V, Warke TJ, Shields MD, Ennis M. T cell cytokine profiles in childhood asthma. Thorax. 2003 Apr;58(4):311-6. doi: 10.1136/thorax.58.4.311.

Reference Type: RESULT

PMID: 12668793 (View on PubMed)

Hirahara K, Nakayama T. CD4+ T-cell subsets in inflammatory diseases: beyond the Th1/Th2 paradigm. Int Immunol. 2016 Apr;28(4):163-71. doi: 10.1093/intimm/dxw006. Epub 2016 Feb 12.

Reference Type: RESULT

PMID: 26874355 (View on PubMed)

Jerzynska J, Stelmach W, Rychlik B, Lechanska J, Podlecka D, Stelmach I. The clinical effect of vitamin D supplementation combined with grass-specific sublingual immunotherapy in children with allergic rhinitis. Allergy Asthma Proc. 2016 Mar-Apr;37(2):105-14. doi: 10.2500/aap.2016.37.3921.

Reference Type: RESULT

PMID: 26932169 (View on PubMed)

Gluck J, Rogala B, Mazur B. Intracellular production of IL-2, IL-4 and IFN-gamma by peripheral blood CD3+ cells in intermittent allergic rhinitis. Inflamm Res. 2005 Feb;54(2):91-5. doi: 10.1007/s00011-004-1328-3.

Reference Type: RESULT

PMID: 15750716 (View on PubMed)

Ciprandi G, Filaci G, Battaglia F, Fenoglio D. Peripheral Th-17 cells in allergic rhinitis: New evidence. Int Immunopharmacol. 2010 Feb;10(2):226-9. doi: 10.1016/j.intimp.2009.11.004. Epub 2009 Nov 16.

Reference Type: RESULT

PMID: 19925886 (View on PubMed)

Marshall JS, Warrington R, Watson W, Kim HL. An introduction to immunology and immunopathology. Allergy Asthma Clin Immunol. 2018 Sep 12;14(Suppl 2):49. doi: 10.1186/s13223-018-0278-1. eCollection 2018.

Reference Type: RESULT

PMID: 30263032 (View on PubMed)

Spits H, Cupedo T. Innate lymphoid cells: emerging insights in development, lineage relationships, and function. Annu Rev Immunol. 2012;30:647-75. doi: 10.1146/annurev-immunol-020711-075053. Epub 2012 Jan 6.

Reference Type: RESULT

PMID: 22224763 (View on PubMed)

Vivier E, Artis D, Colonna M, Diefenbach A, Di Santo JP, Eberl G, Koyasu S, Locksley RM, McKenzie ANJ, Mebius RE, Powrie F, Spits H. Innate Lymphoid Cells: 10 Years On. Cell. 2018 Aug 23;174(5):1054-1066. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2018.07.017.

Reference Type: RESULT

PMID: 30142344 (View on PubMed)

Yagi R, Zhong C, Northrup DL, Yu F, Bouladoux N, Spencer S, Hu G, Barron L, Sharma S, Nakayama T, Belkaid Y, Zhao K, Zhu J. The transcription factor GATA3 is critical for the development of all IL-7Ralpha-expressing innate lymphoid cells. Immunity. 2014 Mar 20;40(3):378-88. doi: 10.1016/j.immuni.2014.01.012. Epub 2014 Mar 13.

Reference Type: RESULT

PMID: 24631153 (View on PubMed)

Spits H, Artis D, Colonna M, Diefenbach A, Di Santo JP, Eberl G, Koyasu S, Locksley RM, McKenzie AN, Mebius RE, Powrie F, Vivier E. Innate lymphoid cells--a proposal for uniform nomenclature. Nat Rev Immunol. 2013 Feb;13(2):145-9. doi: 10.1038/nri3365.

Reference Type: RESULT

PMID: 23348417 (View on PubMed)

Xu G, Zhang L, Wang DY, Xu R, Liu Z, Han DM, Wang XD, Zuo KJ, Li HB. Opposing roles of IL-17A and IL-25 in the regulation of TSLP production in human nasal epithelial cells. Allergy. 2010 May;65(5):581-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1398-9995.2009.02252.x. Epub 2009 Nov 25.

Reference Type: RESULT

PMID: 19968632 (View on PubMed)

Asaka D, Yoshikawa M, Nakayama T, Yoshimura T, Moriyama H, Otori N. Elevated levels of interleukin-33 in the nasal secretions of patients with allergic rhinitis. Int Arch Allergy Immunol. 2012;158 Suppl 1:47-50. doi: 10.1159/000337764. Epub 2012 May 15.

Reference Type: RESULT

PMID: 22627366 (View on PubMed)

Wang H, Mobini R, Fang Y, Barrenas F, Zhang H, Xiang Z, Benson M. Allergen challenge of peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis increases IL-17RB, which regulates basophil apoptosis and degranulation. Clin Exp Allergy. 2010 Aug;40(8):1194-202. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2222.2010.03542.x. Epub 2010 Jun 7.

Reference Type: RESULT

PMID: 20545698 (View on PubMed)

Zhong H, Fan XL, Yu QN, Qin ZL, Chen D, Xu R, Chen DH, Lin ZB, Wen W, Fu QL. Increased innate type 2 immune response in house dust mite-allergic patients with allergic rhinitis. Clin Immunol. 2017 Oct;183:293-299. doi: 10.1016/j.clim.2017.09.008. Epub 2017 Sep 13.

Reference Type: RESULT

PMID: 28917723 (View on PubMed)

Fan D, Wang X, Wang M, Wang Y, Zhang L, Li Y, Fan E, Cao F, Van Crombruggen K, Zhang L. Allergen-Dependent Differences in ILC2s Frequencies in Patients With Allergic Rhinitis. Allergy Asthma Immunol Res. 2016 May;8(3):216-22. doi: 10.4168/aair.2016.8.3.216.

Reference Type: RESULT

PMID: 26922931 (View on PubMed)

Lombardi V, Beuraud C, Neukirch C, Moussu H, Morizur L, Horiot S, Luce S, Wambre E, Linsley P, Chollet-Martin S, Baron-Bodo V, Aubier M, Moingeon P. Circulating innate lymphoid cells are differentially regulated in allergic and nonallergic subjects. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2016 Jul;138(1):305-308. doi: 10.1016/j.jaci.2015.12.1325. Epub 2016 Mar 4. No abstract available.

Reference Type: RESULT

PMID: 26949057 (View on PubMed)

Bartemes KR, Kephart GM, Fox SJ, Kita H. Enhanced innate type 2 immune response in peripheral blood from patients with asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2014 Sep;134(3):671-678.e4. doi: 10.1016/j.jaci.2014.06.024.

Reference Type: RESULT

PMID: 25171868 (View on PubMed)

Other Identifiers

gzwkj2023-197

Identifier Type: OTHER_GRANT

Identifier Source: secondary_id

PHAnshun

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id