Lymphaticovenous Anastomosis as Treatment for Lymphedema
NCT ID: NCT05441943
Last Updated: 2024-03-05
Study Results
Results pending
The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.
Basic Information
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Recruitment Status
ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING
Clinical Phase
NA
Total Enrollment
10 participants
Study Classification
INTERVENTIONAL
Study Start Date
2022-05-11
Study Completion Date
2026-12-31
Brief Summary
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The primary aim of this study is to investigate and test whether the use of combined indocyanine green (ICG) lymphography and ultra high frequency ultrasonography can correctly identify lymphatic vessels and venoles in close proximity to each other, for identification prior to lymphovenous anastomosis (LVA) surgery.
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Detailed Description
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BACKGROUND
Breast-cancer related lymphedema is a life-disabling side-effect of breast cancer treatment, affecting more than 1 in every 5 patients. With breast-cancer being the most common cancer diagnosis in women, affecting up to 2.3 million new cases globally, and with a generally high survival rate of 80% or higher in developed countries, the number of breast-cancer survivors with long-term sequela is significant. Compression garments have been considered the standard treatment and rehabilitation for lymphedema. Some of the disadvantages with these treatments include variability in patient compliance, clinical effect and lack of statistical significant results. Therefore, the rehabilitation and treatment options for lymphedema are in high demand, affecting patients physical and mental health.
Lymphovenous anastomosis (LVA) surgery is an attempt to re-establish the lymphatic flow, utilizing the patient's own lymphatic- and venous vessels. Surgical treatment seems effective in selective patient groups, but systematic studies for this are lacking. It is based on this lack of knowledge of patient characteristics and preoperative planning that the project's hypothesis and idea was formed.
Indocyanine green (ICG) lymphography is commonly used for identification of lymphatic vessels pre-operatively, and is considered superior to other modalities. However, until recently, the identification of adjacent venoles has remained a challenge. Ultra high frequency ultrasound may have solved the challenge of identifying the small venoles prior to surgery. The combined use of ICG lymphography and ultra high frequency ultrasound may be the key to optimise patient selection and pre-operative planning of lymphovenous anastomosis surgery.
METHOD
This study is designed as a pilot study with a planned inclusion of 10 patients with a 3 months follow-up period.
The inclusion of patients, the surgical procedure and 3 months follow-up evaluation will take place at the Department of Plastic Surgery Odense University Hospital (OUH), Denmark.
The ICG lymphography is performed by injecting ICG subcutaneously, and used for visualization of the superficial lymphatics for preoperative planning. During real-time visualization, lymphatic vessels are drawn up on the patients arm using a permanent marker.
Ultra high frequency ultrasound (\>30MHz) has the ability to visualize small, superficial anatomical layers. Using this ultra high frequency ultrasound (70MHz), following the mapped lymphatic vessels, venous vessels are found nearby and likewise mapped for anastomosis.
The number of LVA anastomosis sites is set to a minimum of two sites per extremity. The number of mapped lymphatics vessels and venoles are compared to the number identified during surgery and recorded.
Prior to and 3 months after surgery, patients are seen for objective measures of upper extremity volume, body composition, L-Dex score of the affected arm and health-related quality-of-life, in addition to ICG lymphography.
Breast-cancer related lymphedema is a life-disabling side-effect of breast cancer treatment, affecting more than 1 in every 5 patients. With breast-cancer being the most common cancer diagnosis in women, affecting up to 2.3 million new cases globally, and with a generally high survival rate of 80% or higher in developed countries, the number of breast-cancer survivors with long-term sequela is significant. Compression garments have been considered the standard treatment and rehabilitation for lymphedema. Some of the disadvantages with these treatments include variability in patient compliance, clinical effect and lack of statistical significant results. Therefore, the rehabilitation and treatment options for lymphedema are in high demand, affecting patients physical and mental health.
Lymphovenous anastomosis (LVA) surgery is an attempt to re-establish the lymphatic flow, utilizing the patient's own lymphatic- and venous vessels. Surgical treatment seems effective in selective patient groups, but systematic studies for this are lacking. It is based on this lack of knowledge of patient characteristics and preoperative planning that the project's hypothesis and idea was formed.
Indocyanine green (ICG) lymphography is commonly used for identification of lymphatic vessels pre-operatively, and is considered superior to other modalities. However, until recently, the identification of adjacent venoles has remained a challenge. Ultra high frequency ultrasound may have solved the challenge of identifying the small venoles prior to surgery. The combined use of ICG lymphography and ultra high frequency ultrasound may be the key to optimise patient selection and pre-operative planning of lymphovenous anastomosis surgery.
METHOD
This study is designed as a pilot study with a planned inclusion of 10 patients with a 3 months follow-up period.
The inclusion of patients, the surgical procedure and 3 months follow-up evaluation will take place at the Department of Plastic Surgery Odense University Hospital (OUH), Denmark.
The ICG lymphography is performed by injecting ICG subcutaneously, and used for visualization of the superficial lymphatics for preoperative planning. During real-time visualization, lymphatic vessels are drawn up on the patients arm using a permanent marker.
Ultra high frequency ultrasound (\>30MHz) has the ability to visualize small, superficial anatomical layers. Using this ultra high frequency ultrasound (70MHz), following the mapped lymphatic vessels, venous vessels are found nearby and likewise mapped for anastomosis.
The number of LVA anastomosis sites is set to a minimum of two sites per extremity. The number of mapped lymphatics vessels and venoles are compared to the number identified during surgery and recorded.
Prior to and 3 months after surgery, patients are seen for objective measures of upper extremity volume, body composition, L-Dex score of the affected arm and health-related quality-of-life, in addition to ICG lymphography.
Conditions
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Breast Cancer Lymphedema
Secondary Lymphedema
Iatrogenic Lymphedema
Lymphedema
Lymphedema of Upper Limb
Lymphedema Arm
Lymphedema, Breast Cancer
Breast Neoplasm
Neoplasms
Breast Cancer
Breast Diseases
Lymphatic Diseases
Skin Diseases
Postoperative Complications
Pathologic Processes
Anastomose
Surgery
Surgical; Lymphedema, Postmastectomy
Postmastectomy Lymphedema
Postmastectomy Lymphedema Syndrome Left Upper Limb
Postmastectomy Lymphedema Syndrome Right Upper Limb
Postmastectomy Lymphedema Syndrome
Study Design
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Allocation Method
NA
Intervention Model
SINGLE_GROUP
Primary Study Purpose
TREATMENT
Blinding Strategy
NONE
Study Groups
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Lymphovenous anastomosis surgery
Lymphovenous anastomosis surgery with pre-operative planning using ICG lymphography and ultra high frequency ultrasound.
Group Type
EXPERIMENTAL
Lymphovenous anastomosis
Intervention Type
PROCEDURE
Pre-operative planning prior to lymphovenous anastomosis using ICG lymphography and ultra high frequency ultrasound for mapping of applicable vessels.
During surgery, mapped vessels are freely dissected and anastomosed.
Interventions
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Lymphovenous anastomosis
Pre-operative planning prior to lymphovenous anastomosis using ICG lymphography and ultra high frequency ultrasound for mapping of applicable vessels.
During surgery, mapped vessels are freely dissected and anastomosed.
Intervention Type
PROCEDURE
Other Intervention Names
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LVA
Lymphaticovenous anastomosis
Lymphaticovenular anastomosis
Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria
* Female
* Iatrogenic lymphedema following treatment for breast cancer in upper extremity
* Possible to obtain informed consent
* Age\>18
* Iatrogenic lymphedema following treatment for breast cancer in upper extremity
* Possible to obtain informed consent
* Age\>18
Exclusion Criteria
* Duration of disease over 24 months
* Smoker
* Untreated or uncontrolled primary cancer
* No applicable lymphatic vessels identified, using ICG lymphangiography
* No applicable venous vessels identified using ultra high frequency ultrasound
* Smoker
* Untreated or uncontrolled primary cancer
* No applicable lymphatic vessels identified, using ICG lymphangiography
* No applicable venous vessels identified using ultra high frequency ultrasound
Minimum Eligible Age
18 Years
Eligible Sex
FEMALE
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
No
Sponsors
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Danish Cancer Society
OTHER
Sponsor Role
collaborator
Odense University Hospital
OTHER
Sponsor Role
lead
Responsible Party
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Caroline Lilja
Principal Investigator
Responsibility Role
PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
Principal Investigators
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Caroline Lilja, MD
Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
Department of Plastic Surgery at Odense University Hospital
Jens Ahm Sørensen, MD, Prof, PhD
Role: STUDY_CHAIR
Department of Plastic Surgery at Odense University Hospital
Jørn Bo Thomsen, MD, Prof, PhD
Role: STUDY_CHAIR
Department of Plastic Surgery at Odense University Hospital
Locations
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Department of Plastic Surgery, Odense University Hospital
Odense, Region Syddanmark, Denmark
Site Status
Countries
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Denmark
References
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Armer JM, Ballman KV, McCall L, Armer NC, Sun Y, Udmuangpia T, Hunt KK, Mittendorf EA, Byrd DR, Julian TB, Boughey JC. Lymphedema symptoms and limb measurement changes in breast cancer survivors treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy and axillary dissection: results of American College of Surgeons Oncology Group (ACOSOG) Z1071 (Alliance) substudy. Support Care Cancer. 2019 Feb;27(2):495-503. doi: 10.1007/s00520-018-4334-7. Epub 2018 Jul 6.
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Brahma B, Putri RI, Reuwpassa JO, Tuti Y, Alifian MF, Sofyan RF, Iskandar I, Yamamoto T. Lymphaticovenular Anastomosis in Breast Cancer Treatment-Related Lymphedema: A Short-Term Clinicopathological Analysis from Indonesia. J Reconstr Microsurg. 2021 Oct;37(8):643-654. doi: 10.1055/s-0041-1723940. Epub 2021 Mar 1.
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Wolfs JAGN, de Joode LGEH, van der Hulst RRWJ, Qiu SS. Correlation between patency and clinical improvement after lymphaticovenous anastomosis (LVA) in breast cancer-related lymphedema: 12-month follow-up. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2020 Jan;179(1):131-138. doi: 10.1007/s10549-019-05450-2. Epub 2019 Sep 21.
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BACKGROUND
Ahmed RL, Prizment A, Lazovich D, Schmitz KH, Folsom AR. Lymphedema and quality of life in breast cancer survivors: the Iowa Women's Health Study. J Clin Oncol. 2008 Dec 10;26(35):5689-96. doi: 10.1200/JCO.2008.16.4731. Epub 2008 Nov 10.
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Gillespie TC, Sayegh HE, Brunelle CL, Daniell KM, Taghian AG. Breast cancer-related lymphedema: risk factors, precautionary measures, and treatments. Gland Surg. 2018 Aug;7(4):379-403. doi: 10.21037/gs.2017.11.04.
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Chang EI, Skoracki RJ, Chang DW. Lymphovenous Anastomosis Bypass Surgery. Semin Plast Surg. 2018 Feb;32(1):22-27. doi: 10.1055/s-0038-1636510. Epub 2018 Apr 9.
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Mihara M, Hara H, Araki J, Kikuchi K, Narushima M, Yamamoto T, Iida T, Yoshimatsu H, Murai N, Mitsui K, Okitsu T, Koshima I. Indocyanine green (ICG) lymphography is superior to lymphoscintigraphy for diagnostic imaging of early lymphedema of the upper limbs. PLoS One. 2012;7(6):e38182. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0038182. Epub 2012 Jun 4.
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Hayashi A, Giacalone G, Yamamoto T, Belva F, Visconti G, Hayashi N, Handa M, Yoshimatsu H, Salgarello M. Ultra High-frequency Ultrasonographic Imaging with 70 MHz Scanner for Visualization of the Lymphatic Vessels. Plast Reconstr Surg Glob Open. 2019 Jan 22;7(1):e2086. doi: 10.1097/GOX.0000000000002086. eCollection 2019 Jan.
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Visconti G, Bianchi A, Hayashi A, Salgarello M. Ultra-high frequency ultrasound preoperative planning of the rerouting method for lymphaticovenular anastomosis in incisions devoid of vein. Microsurgery. 2020 Sep;40(6):717-718. doi: 10.1002/micr.30600. Epub 2020 May 5. No abstract available.
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Hayashi A, Visconti G, Giacalone G, Hayashi N, Yoshimatsu H. Recent Advances in Ultrasound Technology: Ultra-High Frequency Ultrasound for Reconstructive Supermicrosurgery. J Reconstr Microsurg. 2022 Mar;38(3):193-199. doi: 10.1055/s-0041-1740129. Epub 2021 Dec 17.
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BACKGROUND
Jorgensen MG, Toyserkani NM, Hansen FCG, Thomsen JB, Sorensen JA. Prospective Validation of Indocyanine Green Lymphangiography Staging of Breast Cancer-Related Lymphedema. Cancers (Basel). 2021 Mar 26;13(7):1540. doi: 10.3390/cancers13071540.
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Jorgensen MG, Hermann AP, Madsen AR, Christensen S, Sorensen JA. Indocyanine green lymphangiography is superior to clinical staging in breast cancer-related lymphedema. Sci Rep. 2021 Oct 26;11(1):21103. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-00396-2.
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BACKGROUND
Gupta N, Verhey EM, Torres-Guzman RA, Avila FR, Jorge Forte A, Rebecca AM, Teven CM. Outcomes of Lymphovenous Anastomosis for Upper Extremity Lymphedema: A Systematic Review. Plast Reconstr Surg Glob Open. 2021 Aug 25;9(8):e3770. doi: 10.1097/GOX.0000000000003770. eCollection 2021 Aug.
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Visconti G, Hayashi A, Tartaglione G, Yamamoto T, Bianchi A, Salgarello M. Preoperative planning of lymphaticovenular anastomosis in patients with iodine allergy: A multicentric experience. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg. 2020 Apr;73(4):783-808. doi: 10.1016/j.bjps.2019.11.020. Epub 2019 Nov 29. No abstract available.
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Gallagher KK, Lopez M, Iles K, Kugar M. Surgical Approach to Lymphedema Reduction. Curr Oncol Rep. 2020 Jul 28;22(10):97. doi: 10.1007/s11912-020-00961-4.
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Ogata F, Narushima M, Mihara M, Azuma R, Morimoto Y, Koshima I. Intraoperative lymphography using indocyanine green dye for near-infrared fluorescence labeling in lymphedema. Ann Plast Surg. 2007 Aug;59(2):180-4. doi: 10.1097/01.sap.0000253341.70866.54.
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Coroneos CJ, Wong FC, DeSnyder SM, Shaitelman SF, Schaverien MV. Correlation of L-Dex Bioimpedance Spectroscopy with Limb Volume and Lymphatic Function in Lymphedema. Lymphat Res Biol. 2019 Jun;17(3):301-307. doi: 10.1089/lrb.2018.0028. Epub 2018 Nov 2.
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Mastick J, Smoot BJ, Paul SM, Kober KM, Hamolsky D, Madden LK, Conley YP, Dixit N, Hammer MJ, Fu MR, Miaskowski C. A Comparison of Supine Versus Stand-on Bioimpedance Devices to Assess Breast Cancer-Related Lymphedema. Lymphat Res Biol. 2021 Dec;19(6):553-561. doi: 10.1089/lrb.2020.0058. Epub 2021 Feb 9.
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Tang NSJ, Ramakrishnan A, Shayan R. Quality-of-life outcomes after operative management of primary and secondary lymphoedema: a systematic review. ANZ J Surg. 2021 Dec;91(12):2624-2636. doi: 10.1111/ans.16764. Epub 2021 Apr 6.
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Karafa M, Karafova A, Szuba A. The effect of different compression pressure in therapy of secondary upper extremity lymphedema in women after breast cancer surgery. Lymphology. 2018;51(1):28-37.
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Gasteratos K, Morsi-Yeroyannis A, Vlachopoulos NC, Spyropoulou GA, Del Corral G, Chaiyasate K. Microsurgical techniques in the treatment of breast cancer-related lymphedema: a systematic review of efficacy and patient outcomes. Breast Cancer. 2021 Sep;28(5):1002-1015. doi: 10.1007/s12282-021-01274-5. Epub 2021 Jul 12.
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Carl HM, Walia G, Bello R, Clarke-Pearson E, Hassanein AH, Cho B, Pedreira R, Sacks JM. Systematic Review of the Surgical Treatment of Extremity Lymphedema. J Reconstr Microsurg. 2017 Jul;33(6):412-425. doi: 10.1055/s-0037-1599100. Epub 2017 Feb 24.
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Fu MR, Cleland CM, Guth AA, Kayal M, Haber J, Cartwright F, Kleinman R, Kang Y, Scagliola J, Axelrod D. L-dex ratio in detecting breast cancer-related lymphedema: reliability, sensitivity, and specificity. Lymphology. 2013 Jun;46(2):85-96.
Reference Type
RESULT
Provided Documents
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Document Type: Study Protocol
Related Links
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https://rdcu.be/cO8Yo
Will, P.A., Wan, Z., Seide, S.E. et al. Supermicrosurgical treatment for lymphedema: a systematic review and network meta-analysis protocol. Syst Rev 11, 18 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1186/s13643-022-01885-9
Other Identifiers
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S-20210169
Identifier Type: OTHER
Identifier Source: secondary_id
21/59848
Identifier Type: -
Identifier Source: org_study_id
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