Effectiveness of 'Taking it Further' (TiF) Programme

NCT ID: NCT05154266

Last Updated: 2022-01-13

Study Results

Results pending

The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.

Basic Information

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Recruitment Status

COMPLETED

Clinical Phase

NA

Total Enrollment

168 participants

Study Classification

INTERVENTIONAL

Study Start Date

2021-06-28

Study Completion Date

2021-12-21

Brief Summary

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Meta-analyses have demonstrated that mindfulness-based programmes are more effective than no treatment across different populations and desired outcomes yet there is limited evidence on how to sustain these benefits beyond the traditional eight-week courses. The 'Taking it Further' (TiF) programme was developed by the University of Oxford Mindfulness Centre to help reinforce and deepen one's mindfulness practice to promote well-being and mental health for life. The proposed study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of this programme in graduates of MBCT/MBSR on well-being and mental health outcomes and explore the mediators (i.e. mindfulness, decentring, and self-compassion) through which this programme has an effect over the course of twelve weeks using a randomised controlled trial with a waitlist control. The planned research is part of an overall effort to optimize treatment effects and the long-term effectiveness of mindfulness-based programmes.

Detailed Description

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Participants that expressed an interest in taking part in the study were screened for research inclusion/exclusion criteria and for course suitability. Research inclusion/exclusion was assessed by the lead researcher whereas course suitability was assessed jointly by the lead researcher and a trained mindfulness teacher at the Oxford Mindfulness Centre (OMC). Eligible participants were invited to complete baseline measures that assessed the primary outcome and mediator (well-being and mindfulness respectively) around two weeks before the start date and then again around one week before the start date to establish a stable baseline. For one of these online questionnaires, participants were instructed to complete an online orientation video to ensure continued eligibility. Within a few days of the start date, participants were randomised to the treatment (online TiF programme) or wait-list control group. One day before the start date, all participants were invited to complete a battery of questionnaires which assessed the outcome measures (well-being, psychological quality of life, depression, anxiety), mediator measures (mindfulness, self-compassion, decentring), and an additional measure regarding perceived expectations about the mindfulness course. Participants were then invited to complete a battery of questionnaires at weeks 4, 8, and 12 (post-intervention). For the battery of questionnaires for weeks 4 and 8, participants completed the same measures assessed at baseline with additional questions that assessed: the amount of practice, quality of practice, side effects of practice, and overall experience. For week 12 (post-intervention), participants completed the same measures as weeks 4 and 8 with additional questions that assessed the perceived credibility of the mindfulness programme, perceived quality of mindfulness teaching, and potential harm. Data collection was divided into two phases, with the first phase running from June-September and the second phase running from October-December 2021. The TiF courses were run online and the surveys themselves were also administered online.

Conditions

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Mindfulness

Study Design

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Allocation Method

RANDOMIZED

Intervention Model

PARALLEL

Wait-list control
Primary Study Purpose

OTHER

Blinding Strategy

SINGLE

Outcome Assessors
The experimenter was unaware of who was allocated to the treatment or control group during data collection and analysis. A researcher external to data collection and analysis was in charge of randomization.

Study Groups

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Mindfulness Programme

Participants randomized to the mindfulness programme were invited to complete a twelve-week programme called 'Taking it Further'.

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

Taking it Further

Intervention Type BEHAVIORAL

This programme is offered to individuals who have already completed a Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT) or Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction Programme (MBSR). In this programme, participants explore weekly themes (i.e. 'Responding not reacting' and 'Taking care of ourselves, taking care of others'). These themes reinforce the learning from the eight-week MBCT/MBSR courses whilst also providing new learning opportunities. The programme makes some of the dimensions that are implicit in MBCT/MBSR more explicit; for example, the cultivation of attitudes of mindfulness (such as equanimity, joy, and kindness). These attitudes of mindfulness require a foundational mindfulness practice and thus this is an additive learning theme from traditional MBCT/MBSR programmes.

Waitlist Control

Participants randomized to the waitlist control were asked to carry on as usual and were offered the Taking it Further course at a later time. No data was collected when the waitlist control group took part in the TiF programme.

Group Type NO_INTERVENTION

No interventions assigned to this group

Interventions

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Taking it Further

This programme is offered to individuals who have already completed a Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT) or Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction Programme (MBSR). In this programme, participants explore weekly themes (i.e. 'Responding not reacting' and 'Taking care of ourselves, taking care of others'). These themes reinforce the learning from the eight-week MBCT/MBSR courses whilst also providing new learning opportunities. The programme makes some of the dimensions that are implicit in MBCT/MBSR more explicit; for example, the cultivation of attitudes of mindfulness (such as equanimity, joy, and kindness). These attitudes of mindfulness require a foundational mindfulness practice and thus this is an additive learning theme from traditional MBCT/MBSR programmes.

Intervention Type BEHAVIORAL

Eligibility Criteria

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Inclusion Criteria

* English-speaking
* Has access to computer for online mindfulness sessions and assessments
* Participants who have completed an MBSR and/or MBCT course in the past

Exclusion Criteria

* Has taken TiF programme prior to the start of the study
* Has completed a mindfulness programme that does not fit within the parameters of a formal mindfulness-based programme.
* Those that have recently experienced a traumatic event or bereavement and/or has been abusing substances to manage stress and/or has been harming themselves recently
* Participants on mindfulness teacher training pathway
Minimum Eligible Age

18 Years

Eligible Sex

ALL

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Sponsors

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Mind and Life Europe

UNKNOWN

Sponsor Role collaborator

University of Oxford

OTHER

Sponsor Role lead

Responsible Party

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ProfessorWillemKuyken

Professor

Responsibility Role PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Principal Investigators

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Willem Kuyken

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

University of Oxford

Locations

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University of Oxford

Oxford, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom

Site Status

Countries

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United Kingdom

References

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Maloney S, Montero-Marin J, Kuyken W. Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy-Taking it Further (MBCT-TiF) compared to Ongoing Mindfulness Practice (OMP) in the promotion of well-being and mental health: A randomised controlled trial with graduates of MBCT and MBSR. Behav Res Ther. 2024 Feb;173:104478. doi: 10.1016/j.brat.2024.104478. Epub 2024 Jan 6.

Reference Type DERIVED
PMID: 38244384 (View on PubMed)

Maloney S, Montero-Marin J, Kuyken W. Pathways to mental well-being for graduates of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) and mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR): A mediation analysis of an RCT. Psychother Res. 2024 Nov;34(8):1162-1173. doi: 10.1080/10503307.2023.2269299. Epub 2023 Nov 6.

Reference Type DERIVED
PMID: 37931304 (View on PubMed)

Other Identifiers

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2020EVA-Maloney, Shannon

Identifier Type: OTHER_GRANT

Identifier Source: secondary_id

TiF2021

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id

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