Relationship of Whole Blood Zinc Levels to Acne Severity
NCT ID: NCT04975412
Last Updated: 2021-08-03
Study Results
Results pending
The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.
Basic Information
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Recruitment Status
COMPLETED
Total Enrollment
40 participants
Study Classification
OBSERVATIONAL
Study Start Date
2017-11-27
Study Completion Date
2018-03-16
Brief Summary
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Acne Vulgaris is one of the most common dermatologic diagnoses in the world. A number of studies have been conducted comparing serum zinc levels with acne vulgaris; however, no studies have yet been done in the Philippine setting.
The objective of this study is to determine the relationship between whole blood zinc levels and the severity of acne vulgaris in Filipino patients and normal controls who are 18-25 years old.
The objective of this study is to determine the relationship between whole blood zinc levels and the severity of acne vulgaris in Filipino patients and normal controls who are 18-25 years old.
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Detailed Description
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Acne Vulgaris is a disorder of the pilosebaceous unit characterized by formation of comedones, papules, pustules, inflamed nodules, and cysts.1 Most common predilection sites are those with hormonally sensitive sebaceous glands such as the face, neck, chest, upper back and upper arms. Acne can persist for years and result in disfigurement and permanent scarring. It can cause serious adverse effects on psychosocial development, resulting in emotional problems, withdrawal from society, and depression. Nearly all adolescents experience different severity levels of acne vulgaris, with moderate to severe levels affecting around 20% of this population. In the Philippines, high school students were found to have a mild impairment of quality of life (QOL) due to acne, regardless of severity. Despite the known treatment regimens for acne, people are still suffering from the effects of the disease.
Acne has four main pathogenic contributors: follicular hyperkeratinization, increased sebum production, Propionibacterium acnes (P. acnes) within the follicle, and inflammation. Reports show that antibiotic resistance is a growing issue in the treatment regimen of acne vulgaris, making it less and less suitable for long-term treatment. Other options that can be substitutes or adjuncts to treatment may be useful in this condition.
Zinc is an essential element for normal epithelial differentiation and for normal development. It has also been shown to have antioxidant properties. At present, there is paucity of data regarding the role of zinc levels in the development or severity of acne vulgaris. Also, data on favorable effects of dietary factors such as zinc, omega-3 fatty acids, antioxidants, vitamin A, and dietary fiber on acne vulgaris are limited specially in the Philippines.
This study will be conducted to measure the whole blood zinc levels in patients with acne vulgaris and compare it with healthy controls. This aims to determine the relationship between whole blood zinc levels and disease severity in Filipino patients with acne vulgaris in order to bring new insight to guide further studies regarding zinc's role in the pathogenesis and possible further treatment of acne vulgaris in the Philippines.
Significance of the Study:
While a number of studies have been conducted comparing serum zinc levels with acne vulgaris, no previous studies have been done in the Philippine setting that assesses the relationship of whole blood zinc levels with the severity of acne. Given that acne vulgaris is one of the most common dermatologic diagnoses in the Philippine population, and the increasing resistance to antibiotics commonly used to treat acne, studies about other treatment modalities for acne vulgaris that do not have resistance factors are timely and significant in the country.
For long-term or maintenance therapy, physicians should consider effectivity, cost, and adverse effects. By determining the relationship of whole blood zinc levels to acne severity among Filipinos 18-25 years old, this study can be used as evidence for giving zinc supplements to Filipino people diagnosed with acne vulgaris if a significant relationship is found. Since zinc is more cost-effective and has less adverse effects compared to most antibiotics, this may prove helpful for the Filipino patient in terms of safety and economy for long-term therapy. Furthermore, this study may also be able to provide more information for further studies towards non-antimicrobial treatment regimens for acne vulgaris in the Philippines.
Research Question:
Is there a relationship between whole blood zinc levels and the severity of acne vulgaris in Filipino patients 18-25 years old versus normal controls?
Null Hypothesis: There is no relationship between whole blood zinc levels and the severity of acne vulgaris.
Alternative Hypothesis: There is a relationship between whole blood zinc levels and the severity of acne vulgaris.
Objectives:
* To study the relationship between whole blood zinc levels and the severity of acne vulgaris in Filipino patients 18-25 years old and normal controls
* To describe the clinical profile of Filipino patients 18-25 years old with acne vulgaris
* To determine the whole blood zinc levels of acne patients compared to controls
* To determine the relationship of the clinical severity of acne vulgaris to whole blood zinc levels
A cross-sectional comparative study design will be utilized for this study which will be conducted from November 2017 to March 2018. The study will be conducted at the Dermatology Out-patient Clinic of the East Avenue Medical Center (EAMC).
STUDY PROCEDURE
1. The study will be submitted to the Technical Review Board and Institution Ethics and Review Board for approval.
2. In the Dermatology Out-Patient Department of East Avenue Medical Center, patients seeking consult for their skin lesions which were diagnosed to be Acne Vulgaris will be screened if they meet the inclusion/exclusion criteria.
3. Informed consent will be obtained for those who are qualified.
4. Patients will be given proper treatment whether they agree to participate or not. For the patients who agree to participate, the investigator will assess the patient's acne severity using the Global Acne Grading Scale (GAGS).
5. Twelve milliliters of blood will be extracted from the patient with proper aseptic technique and waste disposal.
6. Blood sample will be properly stored in three EDTA tubes, labelled, and transported to the laboratory for determination of whole blood zinc levels through ashing acid digestion- inductively coupled plasma (ICP) using Shimadzu ICPS-7510, an inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometer.
1. Blood samples are viable and stable for 5 days at 15-25 degrees Celsius.
2. A memorandum of agreement between the principal investigator and Hi-Precision Diagnostics, Inc. has been made. Hi-Precision Diagnostics will be providing the materials for extraction, picking-up, and transporting the blood sample using a special insulated medical specimen bag (Versapak Pathology and Specimen bag) with ice packs and thermometer to help maintain the ideal temperature of 15-25 degrees Celsius.
3. Schedule of specimen pick-up is from 8:00 am- 8:00 pm and may be done on an as-needed basis. The blood specimens will be stored in the refrigerator immediately after extraction.
7. Results will be obtained by the investigator via the online results portal of the laboratory.
8. Data collected will be tabulated and data analysis will be done.
PASS 2008 was used for the computation of minimum sample size. Parameters for the computation was obtained from previously published studies. For the one-way ANOVA, a minimum of 40 patients (10 for each acne severity: mild, moderate and severe acne and 10 for controls) achieves 95% power to detect differences among the means versus the alternative of equal means using an F test with a significance level of 0.05. The size of the variation in the means is represented by their standard deviation which is 13.30 mg/dL and the common standard deviation within a group is assumed to be 20.00 mg/dL.
Data will be encoded by the researcher in MS Excel. The excel file will be converted into Stata file for further data processing and analysis. Stata SE version 12 will be used for both descriptive and inferential statistics. Quantitative variables will be presented as mean or median while qualitative variables will be presented as percentages.
In order to compare the whole blood zinc levels between cases and controls, independent T-test will be used. ANOVA will be used to compare the whole blood zinc levels by acne severity. Multiple linear regression analysis will then be performed in order to determine the association of whole blood zinc levels with acne severity after controlling for the effects of significant confounding variables. All p values ≤ 0.05 will be considered as significant.
The correlation of whole blood zinc levels with severity of acne vulgaris in Filipino patients may help clinicians recommend more detailed dietary advice and add non-antibiotic supplements to their current treatment of acne vulgaris. The results of the study can serve as a guide for further studies related to whole blood zinc and its role in the pathogenesis of acne vulgaris in Filipino patients.
Acne has four main pathogenic contributors: follicular hyperkeratinization, increased sebum production, Propionibacterium acnes (P. acnes) within the follicle, and inflammation. Reports show that antibiotic resistance is a growing issue in the treatment regimen of acne vulgaris, making it less and less suitable for long-term treatment. Other options that can be substitutes or adjuncts to treatment may be useful in this condition.
Zinc is an essential element for normal epithelial differentiation and for normal development. It has also been shown to have antioxidant properties. At present, there is paucity of data regarding the role of zinc levels in the development or severity of acne vulgaris. Also, data on favorable effects of dietary factors such as zinc, omega-3 fatty acids, antioxidants, vitamin A, and dietary fiber on acne vulgaris are limited specially in the Philippines.
This study will be conducted to measure the whole blood zinc levels in patients with acne vulgaris and compare it with healthy controls. This aims to determine the relationship between whole blood zinc levels and disease severity in Filipino patients with acne vulgaris in order to bring new insight to guide further studies regarding zinc's role in the pathogenesis and possible further treatment of acne vulgaris in the Philippines.
Significance of the Study:
While a number of studies have been conducted comparing serum zinc levels with acne vulgaris, no previous studies have been done in the Philippine setting that assesses the relationship of whole blood zinc levels with the severity of acne. Given that acne vulgaris is one of the most common dermatologic diagnoses in the Philippine population, and the increasing resistance to antibiotics commonly used to treat acne, studies about other treatment modalities for acne vulgaris that do not have resistance factors are timely and significant in the country.
For long-term or maintenance therapy, physicians should consider effectivity, cost, and adverse effects. By determining the relationship of whole blood zinc levels to acne severity among Filipinos 18-25 years old, this study can be used as evidence for giving zinc supplements to Filipino people diagnosed with acne vulgaris if a significant relationship is found. Since zinc is more cost-effective and has less adverse effects compared to most antibiotics, this may prove helpful for the Filipino patient in terms of safety and economy for long-term therapy. Furthermore, this study may also be able to provide more information for further studies towards non-antimicrobial treatment regimens for acne vulgaris in the Philippines.
Research Question:
Is there a relationship between whole blood zinc levels and the severity of acne vulgaris in Filipino patients 18-25 years old versus normal controls?
Null Hypothesis: There is no relationship between whole blood zinc levels and the severity of acne vulgaris.
Alternative Hypothesis: There is a relationship between whole blood zinc levels and the severity of acne vulgaris.
Objectives:
* To study the relationship between whole blood zinc levels and the severity of acne vulgaris in Filipino patients 18-25 years old and normal controls
* To describe the clinical profile of Filipino patients 18-25 years old with acne vulgaris
* To determine the whole blood zinc levels of acne patients compared to controls
* To determine the relationship of the clinical severity of acne vulgaris to whole blood zinc levels
A cross-sectional comparative study design will be utilized for this study which will be conducted from November 2017 to March 2018. The study will be conducted at the Dermatology Out-patient Clinic of the East Avenue Medical Center (EAMC).
STUDY PROCEDURE
1. The study will be submitted to the Technical Review Board and Institution Ethics and Review Board for approval.
2. In the Dermatology Out-Patient Department of East Avenue Medical Center, patients seeking consult for their skin lesions which were diagnosed to be Acne Vulgaris will be screened if they meet the inclusion/exclusion criteria.
3. Informed consent will be obtained for those who are qualified.
4. Patients will be given proper treatment whether they agree to participate or not. For the patients who agree to participate, the investigator will assess the patient's acne severity using the Global Acne Grading Scale (GAGS).
5. Twelve milliliters of blood will be extracted from the patient with proper aseptic technique and waste disposal.
6. Blood sample will be properly stored in three EDTA tubes, labelled, and transported to the laboratory for determination of whole blood zinc levels through ashing acid digestion- inductively coupled plasma (ICP) using Shimadzu ICPS-7510, an inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometer.
1. Blood samples are viable and stable for 5 days at 15-25 degrees Celsius.
2. A memorandum of agreement between the principal investigator and Hi-Precision Diagnostics, Inc. has been made. Hi-Precision Diagnostics will be providing the materials for extraction, picking-up, and transporting the blood sample using a special insulated medical specimen bag (Versapak Pathology and Specimen bag) with ice packs and thermometer to help maintain the ideal temperature of 15-25 degrees Celsius.
3. Schedule of specimen pick-up is from 8:00 am- 8:00 pm and may be done on an as-needed basis. The blood specimens will be stored in the refrigerator immediately after extraction.
7. Results will be obtained by the investigator via the online results portal of the laboratory.
8. Data collected will be tabulated and data analysis will be done.
PASS 2008 was used for the computation of minimum sample size. Parameters for the computation was obtained from previously published studies. For the one-way ANOVA, a minimum of 40 patients (10 for each acne severity: mild, moderate and severe acne and 10 for controls) achieves 95% power to detect differences among the means versus the alternative of equal means using an F test with a significance level of 0.05. The size of the variation in the means is represented by their standard deviation which is 13.30 mg/dL and the common standard deviation within a group is assumed to be 20.00 mg/dL.
Data will be encoded by the researcher in MS Excel. The excel file will be converted into Stata file for further data processing and analysis. Stata SE version 12 will be used for both descriptive and inferential statistics. Quantitative variables will be presented as mean or median while qualitative variables will be presented as percentages.
In order to compare the whole blood zinc levels between cases and controls, independent T-test will be used. ANOVA will be used to compare the whole blood zinc levels by acne severity. Multiple linear regression analysis will then be performed in order to determine the association of whole blood zinc levels with acne severity after controlling for the effects of significant confounding variables. All p values ≤ 0.05 will be considered as significant.
The correlation of whole blood zinc levels with severity of acne vulgaris in Filipino patients may help clinicians recommend more detailed dietary advice and add non-antibiotic supplements to their current treatment of acne vulgaris. The results of the study can serve as a guide for further studies related to whole blood zinc and its role in the pathogenesis of acne vulgaris in Filipino patients.
Conditions
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Acne Vulgaris
Study Design
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Observational Model Type
CASE_CONTROL
Study Time Perspective
CROSS_SECTIONAL
Study Groups
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acne vulgaris group (cases)
Filipino patients, aged 18-25 years old with diagnosis of Acne Vulgaris
Whole blood zinc level
Intervention Type
DIAGNOSTIC_TEST
whole blood zinc levels determined through ashing acid digestion-inductively coupled plasma (ICP) using Shimadzu ICPS-7510, an inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometer.
control group
healthy Filipino patients, aged 18-25 years old
Whole blood zinc level
Intervention Type
DIAGNOSTIC_TEST
whole blood zinc levels determined through ashing acid digestion-inductively coupled plasma (ICP) using Shimadzu ICPS-7510, an inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometer.
Interventions
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Whole blood zinc level
whole blood zinc levels determined through ashing acid digestion-inductively coupled plasma (ICP) using Shimadzu ICPS-7510, an inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometer.
Intervention Type
DIAGNOSTIC_TEST
Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria
* Filipino patients, aged 18-25 years old
* Diagnosis of acne vulgaris
* Able to read and write in English or Tagalog
* Seen at the dermatology out-patient department of East Avenue Medical Center
* Filipino patients, aged 18-25 years old
* Able to read and write in English or Tagalog
* Seen at the dermatology out-patient department of East Avenue Medical Center
* Diagnosis of acne vulgaris
* Able to read and write in English or Tagalog
* Seen at the dermatology out-patient department of East Avenue Medical Center
* Filipino patients, aged 18-25 years old
* Able to read and write in English or Tagalog
* Seen at the dermatology out-patient department of East Avenue Medical Center
Exclusion Criteria
* Patients with other chronic dermatoses or systemic disease
* Taking oral supplements or medications for the past 3 months
* Patients who are pregnant or lactating
* Patients with acne vulgaris or other chronic dermatoses or systemic disease
* Taking oral supplements or medications for the past 3 months
* Patients who are pregnant or lactating
* Taking oral supplements or medications for the past 3 months
* Patients who are pregnant or lactating
* Patients with acne vulgaris or other chronic dermatoses or systemic disease
* Taking oral supplements or medications for the past 3 months
* Patients who are pregnant or lactating
Minimum Eligible Age
18 Years
Maximum Eligible Age
25 Years
Eligible Sex
ALL
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Yes
Sponsors
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East Avenue Medical Center, Philippines
OTHER_GOV
Sponsor Role
lead
Responsible Party
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Monique Lianne C. Lim-Ang, MD, MBA, DPDS
Principal Investigator
Responsibility Role
PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
Principal Investigators
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Monique Lianne C. Lim-Ang, MD,MBA,DPDS
Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
East Avenue Medical Center
Locations
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East Avenue Medical Center
Quezon City, National Capital Region, Philippines
Site Status
Countries
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Philippines
References
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Bhate K, Williams HC. Epidemiology of acne vulgaris. Br J Dermatol. 2013 Mar;168(3):474-85. doi: 10.1111/bjd.12149.
Reference Type
BACKGROUND
Prasad AS. Zinc is an Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Agent: Its Role in Human Health. Front Nutr. 2014 Sep 1;1:14. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2014.00014. eCollection 2014.
Reference Type
BACKGROUND
Tan JK, Bhate K. A global perspective on the epidemiology of acne. Br J Dermatol. 2015 Jul;172 Suppl 1:3-12. doi: 10.1111/bjd.13462.
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Collier CN, Harper JC, Cafardi JA, Cantrell WC, Wang W, Foster KW, Elewski BE. The prevalence of acne in adults 20 years and older. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2008 Jan;58(1):56-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2007.06.045. Epub 2007 Oct 22.
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Goulden V, Stables GI, Cunliffe WJ. Prevalence of facial acne in adults. J Am Acad Dermatol. 1999 Oct;41(4):577-80.
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Humphrey S. Antibiotic resistance in acne treatment. Skin Therapy Lett. 2012 Oct;17(9):1-3.
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Al-Shobaili HA. Oxidants and anti-oxidants status in acne vulgaris patients with varying severity. Ann Clin Lab Sci. 2014 Spring;44(2):202-7.
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Rostan EF, DeBuys HV, Madey DL, Pinnell SR. Evidence supporting zinc as an important antioxidant for skin. Int J Dermatol. 2002 Sep;41(9):606-11. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-4362.2002.01567.x.
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Buxaderas SC, Farre-Rovira R. Whole blood and serum zinc levels in relation to sex and age. Rev Esp Fisiol. 1985 Dec;41(4):463-70.
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BACKGROUND
Rostami Mogaddam M, Safavi Ardabili N, Maleki N, Soflaee M. Correlation between the severity and type of acne lesions with serum zinc levels in patients with acne vulgaris. Biomed Res Int. 2014;2014:474108. doi: 10.1155/2014/474108. Epub 2014 Jul 24.
Reference Type
BACKGROUND
Michaelsson G, Vahlquist A, Juhlin L. Serum zinc and retinol-binding protein in acne. Br J Dermatol. 1977 Mar;96(3):283-6. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.1977.tb06138.x.
Reference Type
BACKGROUND
Adityan B, Kumari R, Thappa DM. Scoring systems in acne vulgaris. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol. 2009 May-Jun;75(3):323-6. doi: 10.4103/0378-6323.51258. No abstract available.
Reference Type
BACKGROUND
Ozuguz P, Dogruk Kacar S, Ekiz O, Takci Z, Balta I, Kalkan G. Evaluation of serum vitamins A and E and zinc levels according to the severity of acne vulgaris. Cutan Ocul Toxicol. 2014 Jun;33(2):99-102. doi: 10.3109/15569527.2013.808656. Epub 2013 Jul 5.
Reference Type
BACKGROUND
Ikaraoha CI, Mbadiwe NC, Anyanwu CJ, Odekhian J, Nwadike CN, Amah HC. The Role of Blood Lead, Cadmium, Zinc and Copper in Development and Severity of Acne Vulgaris in a Nigerian Population. Biol Trace Elem Res. 2017 Apr;176(2):251-257. doi: 10.1007/s12011-016-0839-4. Epub 2016 Sep 6.
Reference Type
BACKGROUND
Amer M, Bahgat MR, Tosson Z, Abdel Mowla MY, Amer K. Serum zinc in acne vulgaris. Int J Dermatol. 1982 Oct;21(8):481-4. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-4362.1982.tb03188.x.
Reference Type
BACKGROUND
Arora PN, Dhillon KS, Rajan SR, Sayal SK, Das AL. Serum Zinc Levels in Cutaneous Disorders. Med J Armed Forces India. 2002 Oct;58(4):304-6. doi: 10.1016/S0377-1237(02)80083-1. Epub 2011 Jul 21.
Reference Type
BACKGROUND
Canavan TN, Chen E, Elewski BE. Optimizing Non-Antibiotic Treatments for Patients with Acne: A Review. Dermatol Ther (Heidelb). 2016 Dec;6(4):555-578. doi: 10.1007/s13555-016-0138-1. Epub 2016 Aug 19.
Reference Type
BACKGROUND
Gupta M, Mahajan VK, Mehta KS, Chauhan PS. Zinc therapy in dermatology: a review. Dermatol Res Pract. 2014;2014:709152. doi: 10.1155/2014/709152. Epub 2014 Jul 10.
Reference Type
BACKGROUND
Sardana K, Chugh S, Garg VK. The role of zinc in acne and prevention of resistance: have we missed the "base" effect? Int J Dermatol. 2014 Jan;53(1):125-7. doi: 10.1111/ijd.12264. No abstract available.
Reference Type
BACKGROUND
Bray TM, Bettger WJ. The physiological role of zinc as an antioxidant. Free Radic Biol Med. 1990;8(3):281-91. doi: 10.1016/0891-5849(90)90076-u.
Reference Type
BACKGROUND
Lim KH, Riddell LJ, Nowson CA, Booth AO, Szymlek-Gay EA. Iron and zinc nutrition in the economically-developed world: a review. Nutrients. 2013 Aug 13;5(8):3184-211. doi: 10.3390/nu5083184.
Reference Type
BACKGROUND
Plum LM, Rink L, Haase H. The essential toxin: impact of zinc on human health. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2010 Apr;7(4):1342-65. doi: 10.3390/ijerph7041342. Epub 2010 Mar 26.
Reference Type
BACKGROUND
Oteiza PI. Zinc and the modulation of redox homeostasis. Free Radic Biol Med. 2012 Nov 1;53(9):1748-59. doi: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2012.08.568. Epub 2012 Aug 25.
Reference Type
BACKGROUND
Maret W. Zinc biochemistry: from a single zinc enzyme to a key element of life. Adv Nutr. 2013 Jan 1;4(1):82-91. doi: 10.3945/an.112.003038.
Reference Type
BACKGROUND
Rangan AM, Samman S. Zinc intake and its dietary sources: results of the 2007 Australian National Children's Nutrition and Physical Activity Survey. Nutrients. 2012 Jul;4(7):611-24. doi: 10.3390/nu4070611. Epub 2012 Jun 26.
Reference Type
BACKGROUND
Toyoda M, Morohashi M. Pathogenesis of acne. Med Electron Microsc. 2001 Mar;34(1):29-40. doi: 10.1007/s007950100002.
Reference Type
BACKGROUND
Aydemir EH. Acne vulgaris. Turk Pediatri Ars. 2014 Mar 1;49(1):13-6. doi: 10.5152/tpa.2014.1943. eCollection 2014 Mar.
Reference Type
BACKGROUND
Akhtar S. Zinc status in South Asian populations--an update. J Health Popul Nutr. 2013 Jun;31(2):139-49. doi: 10.3329/jhpn.v31i2.16378.
Reference Type
BACKGROUND
Eady EA, Gloor M, Leyden JJ. Propionibacterium acnes resistance: a worldwide problem. Dermatology. 2003;206(1):54-6. doi: 10.1159/000067822.
Reference Type
BACKGROUND
Eady EA, Cove JH, Holland KT, Cunliffe WJ. Erythromycin resistant propionibacteria in antibiotic treated acne patients: association with therapeutic failure. Br J Dermatol. 1989 Jul;121(1):51-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.1989.tb01399.x.
Reference Type
BACKGROUND
Ross JI, Snelling AM, Carnegie E, Coates P, Cunliffe WJ, Bettoli V, Tosti G, Katsambas A, Galvan Perez Del Pulgar JI, Rollman O, Torok L, Eady EA, Cove JH. Antibiotic-resistant acne: lessons from Europe. Br J Dermatol. 2003 Mar;148(3):467-78. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2133.2003.05067.x.
Reference Type
BACKGROUND
Cooper AJ. Systematic review of Propionibacterium acnes resistance to systemic antibiotics. Med J Aust. 1998 Sep 7;169(5):259-61. doi: 10.5694/j.1326-5377.1998.tb140250.x.
Reference Type
BACKGROUND
Leyden JJ, McGinley KJ, Cavalieri S, Webster GF, Mills OH, Kligman AM. Propionibacterium acnes resistance to antibiotics in acne patients. J Am Acad Dermatol. 1983 Jan;8(1):41-5. doi: 10.1016/s0190-9622(83)70005-8.
Reference Type
BACKGROUND
Provided Documents
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Document Type: Study Protocol and Statistical Analysis Plan
Related Links
Access external resources that provide additional context or updates about the study.
http://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/toxprofiles/tp60-c7.pdf
Toxicological profile for zinc
http://www.iasj.net/iasj/download/0354b90b97bd276f
Serum Trace Elements (Zinc, Copper and Magnesium) Status in Iraqi Patients with Acne Vulgaris:( Case- Controlled Study)
http://jtad.org/archives/archive-detail/article-preview/zinc-levels-in-patients-with-acne-vulgaris/32246
Zinc Levels in Patients with Acne Vulgaris
http://www.banglajol.info/index.php/JPharma/article/view/30940
Effect of Serum Trace Elements, Macro-minerals and Antioxidants in Acne Vulgaris Patients: A Case-Control Study
Other Identifiers
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EAMC IERB 2017-40
Identifier Type: -
Identifier Source: org_study_id
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NA
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NCT01929057
COMPLETED
Dapsone Gel 5% and Tretinoin Gel 0.025% Versus Tretinoin Gel 0.025% Monotherapy for Facial Acne Vulgaris
NCT00835198
COMPLETED
PHASE4
Investigating Clinical Trial Participation for Acne Patients
NCT05737758
NOT_YET_RECRUITING
A Study to Determine the Efficacy of Topically Applied MTC896 Gel in Subjects With Acne Vulgaris
NCT02395549
UNKNOWN
PHASE2
Measuring Adherence in Subjects With Acne Vulgaris in a Clinic Population Subtitle: Topical Benzoyl Peroxide for Acne
NCT00658112
COMPLETED
PHASE4
Efficacy and Tolerance of Formula 609613 37 in Acneic Patients
NCT05469880
COMPLETED
NA
Plant-based Dietary Intervention for Treatment of Acne
NCT00900939
COMPLETED
NA
Serum TWEAK Levels in Acne Vulgaris
NCT05684861
COMPLETED
PHASE2
Clinical Study to Test the Efficacy and Safety of Adapalene, 0.1%
NCT00599521
COMPLETED
PHASE3
Clinical Trial to Evaluate the Effect of a Probiotic in Acne
NCT04570319
COMPLETED
NA
Efficacy and Tolerability of Nicotinamide Plus Cream for Moderate Acne Vulgaris in Indonesia
NCT03626298
COMPLETED
PHASE4