Assessing the Reliability and Validity of 4-meter and 10-meter Walking Test

NCT ID: NCT04919772

Last Updated: 2022-07-27

Study Results

Results pending

The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.

Basic Information

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Recruitment Status

COMPLETED

Total Enrollment

20 participants

Study Classification

OBSERVATIONAL

Study Start Date

2021-05-01

Study Completion Date

2021-12-30

Brief Summary

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The 4-meter walk test and 10-meter walk test is currently applied to assess gait speed.These tools are frequently used in clinical trials and were also shown to be reliable measurement methods. There are ocassions where it is not possible to have a long corridor to measure gait speed. It is necessary to have a tool to evaluate gait speed in a small space as 4-meter walk test.

Detailed Description

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Walking speed is an important aspect of gait and is commonly used as an objective measure of functional mobility in both clinical and research settings. The majority who have suffered a stroke tend to have gait disturbances. Regaining locomotor ability is one of the primary goals in stroke rehabilitation, and it is most commonly measured using changes in self-selected walking speed. Although many of them can walk independently, they do not do so with enough speed and endurance to allow them to perform their activities of daily living prior to stroke. Not only is self-selected walking speed simple, cost effective, reliable, valid, sensitive, and specific, but it is also highly related to the severity of impairment and predicts functional walking status. It is recommended as a "vital sign" of health. Improvements in walking speed of 0.1 m/s or more have been shown to be a predictor of good health. However, decreased walking speed has been related to worse health outcomes and frailty in older people.

The 4-meter walk test (4 MWT) and 10-meter walk test (10 MWT) is currently applied using various timing protocols and distance covered that may affect data interpretation with a standard value, and comparisons among the studies. There are two protocols to measure walking speed, static and flying start. A static start (i.e., record the time used to cover a total walkway or from the start to stop walking) or a flying start (i.e., measured the time while walking in the middle of the walkway).

The aim of this study is to investigate the test-retest reliability of the 4 MWT and 10 MWT and their correlation with 5-repetition sit-to-stand in chronic stroke survivors.

Conditions

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Stroke Gait, Hemiplegic Cerebral Infarction Cerebrovascular Disorders

Study Design

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Observational Model Type

COHORT

Study Time Perspective

CROSS_SECTIONAL

Study Groups

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Stroke survivors

Chronic stroke, generally speaking chronic stroke refers to the period of recovery that takes place at least six months after the initial stroke event

Assessment

Intervention Type OTHER

The participants walk 4-meter and 10-meter and 5-repetition sit-to-stand twice.

Interventions

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Assessment

The participants walk 4-meter and 10-meter and 5-repetition sit-to-stand twice.

Intervention Type OTHER

Other Intervention Names

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Evaluation

Eligibility Criteria

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Inclusion Criteria

* All study participants are clinically diagnosed with stroke
* Adult participants, defined as \>18 years of age
* Have preserved cognitive ability: Achieve a score equal to or greater than 25 points on the Montreal Cognitive Assessment test.
* Have the ability to walk on a flat surface of at least 20 meters, with or without aid.

Exclusion Criteria

* A history of lower extremities injury or surgery
* A history of botulinum injection within 3 months
* A history of inflammatory arthritis
* A history of inflammatory myopathy or peripheral nervous disease
* A history of other neurological disease as a Parkinson, spinal cord etc.
Minimum Eligible Age

18 Years

Eligible Sex

ALL

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Sponsors

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Fundacio d'Investigacio en Atencio Primaria Jordi Gol i Gurina

OTHER

Sponsor Role collaborator

Universitat Internacional de Catalunya

OTHER

Sponsor Role lead

Responsible Party

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Rosa Cabanas Valdés

Principal investigator

Responsibility Role PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Principal Investigators

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Laura García-Rueda, MsC

Role: STUDY_DIRECTOR

Universitat Internacional de Catalunya

Locations

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Universitat Internacional de Catalunya

Barcelona, , Spain

Site Status

Countries

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Spain

References

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Bohannon RW. Measurement of gait speed of older adults is feasible and informative in a home-care setting. J Geriatr Phys Ther. 2009;32(1):22-3. doi: 10.1519/00139143-200932010-00005.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
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Karpman C, Lebrasseur NK, Depew ZS, Novotny PJ, Benzo RP. Measuring gait speed in the out-patient clinic: methodology and feasibility. Respir Care. 2014 Apr;59(4):531-7. doi: 10.4187/respcare.02688. Epub 2013 Aug 27.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
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Fried LP, Tangen CM, Walston J, Newman AB, Hirsch C, Gottdiener J, Seeman T, Tracy R, Kop WJ, Burke G, McBurnie MA; Cardiovascular Health Study Collaborative Research Group. Frailty in older adults: evidence for a phenotype. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2001 Mar;56(3):M146-56. doi: 10.1093/gerona/56.3.m146.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
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Richards CL, Malouin F, Dean C. Gait in stroke: assessment and rehabilitation. Clin Geriatr Med. 1999 Nov;15(4):833-55.

Reference Type RESULT
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Eng JJ, Tang PF. Gait training strategies to optimize walking ability in people with stroke: a synthesis of the evidence. Expert Rev Neurother. 2007 Oct;7(10):1417-36. doi: 10.1586/14737175.7.10.1417.

Reference Type RESULT
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Jorgensen HS, Nakayama H, Raaschou HO, Olsen TS. Recovery of walking function in stroke patients: the Copenhagen Stroke Study. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 1995 Jan;76(1):27-32. doi: 10.1016/s0003-9993(95)80038-7.

Reference Type RESULT
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Reference Type RESULT
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Parker CJ, Gladman JR, Drummond AE. The role of leisure in stroke rehabilitation. Disabil Rehabil. 1997 Jan;19(1):1-5. doi: 10.3109/09638289709166438.

Reference Type RESULT
PMID: 9021278 (View on PubMed)

Guralnik JM, Ferrucci L, Pieper CF, Leveille SG, Markides KS, Ostir GV, Studenski S, Berkman LF, Wallace RB. Lower extremity function and subsequent disability: consistency across studies, predictive models, and value of gait speed alone compared with the short physical performance battery. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2000 Apr;55(4):M221-31. doi: 10.1093/gerona/55.4.m221.

Reference Type RESULT
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Awad L, Reisman D, Binder-Macleod S. Distance-Induced Changes in Walking Speed After Stroke: Relationship to Community Walking Activity. J Neurol Phys Ther. 2019 Oct;43(4):220-223. doi: 10.1097/NPT.0000000000000293.

Reference Type RESULT
PMID: 31449180 (View on PubMed)

Montero-Odasso M, Schapira M, Soriano ER, Varela M, Kaplan R, Camera LA, Mayorga LM. Gait velocity as a single predictor of adverse events in healthy seniors aged 75 years and older. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2005 Oct;60(10):1304-9. doi: 10.1093/gerona/60.10.1304.

Reference Type RESULT
PMID: 16282564 (View on PubMed)

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Reference Type RESULT
PMID: 11944746 (View on PubMed)

Taylor-Piliae RE, Latt LD, Hepworth JT, Coull BM. Predictors of gait velocity among community-dwelling stroke survivors. Gait Posture. 2012 Mar;35(3):395-9. doi: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2011.10.358. Epub 2011 Nov 26.

Reference Type RESULT
PMID: 22119886 (View on PubMed)

Braden HJ, Hilgenberg S, Bohannon RW, Ko MS, Hasson S. Gait speed is limited but improves over the course of acute care physical therapy. J Geriatr Phys Ther. 2012 Jul-Sep;35(3):140-4. doi: 10.1519/JPT.0b013e31824baa1e.

Reference Type RESULT
PMID: 22415359 (View on PubMed)

Barthuly AM, Bohannon RW, Gorack W. Gait speed is a responsive measure of physical performance for patients undergoing short-term rehabilitation. Gait Posture. 2012 May;36(1):61-4. doi: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2012.01.002. Epub 2012 Mar 8.

Reference Type RESULT
PMID: 22406292 (View on PubMed)

Hardy SE, Perera S, Roumani YF, Chandler JM, Studenski SA. Improvement in usual gait speed predicts better survival in older adults. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2007 Nov;55(11):1727-34. doi: 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2007.01413.x. Epub 2007 Oct 3.

Reference Type RESULT
PMID: 17916121 (View on PubMed)

Middleton A, Fritz SL, Lusardi M. Walking speed: the functional vital sign. J Aging Phys Act. 2015 Apr;23(2):314-22. doi: 10.1123/japa.2013-0236. Epub 2014 May 2.

Reference Type RESULT
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Graham JE, Ostir GV, Fisher SR, Ottenbacher KJ. Assessing walking speed in clinical research: a systematic review. J Eval Clin Pract. 2008 Aug;14(4):552-62. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2753.2007.00917.x. Epub 2008 May 2.

Reference Type RESULT
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Amatachaya S PT, PhD, Kwanmongkolthong M PT, BSc, Thongjumroon A PT, BSc, Boonpew N PT, BSc, Amatachaya P ME, PhD, Saensook W PT PhD, Thaweewannakij T PT, PhD, Hunsawong T PT, PhD. Influence of timing protocols and distance covered on the outcomes of the 10-meter walk test. Physiother Theory Pract. 2020 Dec;36(12):1348-1353. doi: 10.1080/09593985.2019.1570577. Epub 2019 Feb 1.

Reference Type RESULT
PMID: 30704332 (View on PubMed)

Cheng DK, Nelson M, Brooks D, Salbach NM. Validation of stroke-specific protocols for the 10-meter walk test and 6-minute walk test conducted using 15-meter and 30-meter walkways. Top Stroke Rehabil. 2020 May;27(4):251-261. doi: 10.1080/10749357.2019.1691815. Epub 2019 Nov 21.

Reference Type RESULT
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Reference Type RESULT
PMID: 3572432 (View on PubMed)

Unver B, Baris RH, Yuksel E, Cekmece S, Kalkan S, Karatosun V. Reliability of 4-meter and 10-meter walk tests after lower extremity surgery. Disabil Rehabil. 2017 Dec;39(25):2572-2576. doi: 10.1080/09638288.2016.1236153. Epub 2016 Oct 11.

Reference Type RESULT
PMID: 27728985 (View on PubMed)

Peters DM, Fritz SL, Krotish DE. Assessing the reliability and validity of a shorter walk test compared with the 10-Meter Walk Test for measurements of gait speed in healthy, older adults. J Geriatr Phys Ther. 2013 Jan-Mar;36(1):24-30. doi: 10.1519/JPT.0b013e318248e20d.

Reference Type RESULT
PMID: 22415358 (View on PubMed)

Mokkink LB, Terwee CB, Knol DL, Stratford PW, Alonso J, Patrick DL, Bouter LM, de Vet HC. Protocol of the COSMIN study: COnsensus-based Standards for the selection of health Measurement INstruments. BMC Med Res Methodol. 2006 Jan 24;6:2. doi: 10.1186/1471-2288-6-2.

Reference Type RESULT
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Cabanas-Valdes R, Garcia-Rueda L, Salgueiro C, Perez-Bellmunt A, Rodriguez-Sanz J, Lopez-de-Celis C. Assessment of the 4-meter walk test test-retest reliability and concurrent validity and its correlation with the five sit-to-stand test in chronic ambulatory stroke survivors. Gait Posture. 2023 Mar;101:8-13. doi: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2023.01.014. Epub 2023 Jan 20.

Reference Type DERIVED
PMID: 36696822 (View on PubMed)

Other Identifiers

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4-meter walking test

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id

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