The Impact of Activity Breaks on Cognitive Function, Adiposity and Fitness in Preschoolers

NCT ID: NCT04863040

Last Updated: 2024-06-04

Basic Information

• Recruitment Status: COMPLETED
• Clinical Phase: NA
• Total Enrollment: 522 participants
• Study Classification: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Start Date: 2020-06-01
• Study Completion Date: 2024-06-01

Brief Summary

Project which objective is a) to test the effectiveness, in preschool children, of an integrated physical activity intervention in the classroom based on intervallic training (MOVI-HIIT) on improving executive function, body composition, cardiorespiratory fitness and b) to evaluate teachers' perceptions of barriers and facilitating elements for the implementation and monitoring of MOVI-HIIT interventions in the classroom.

Detailed Description

In the last decade, this research group has tested the effectiveness of five interventions in school settings. The first one (MOVI) was carried out in children 8 to 11 years children (4th and 5th year of primary education) and showed a moderate effect in reducing adiposity of schoolchildren with higher body mass index (BMI), and an improvement of the lipid profile without significantly improving the global cardiometabolic risk, because it did not produce a reduction in insulinemia.

The second edition (MOVI-2), carried out with schoolchildren of the same age range, increased the duration and intensity of the sessions, and was focused on the development of muscular strength in order to improve insulinemia levels. The intervention proved to be effective; in addition, data from this intervention showed a modest improvement in girls' aerobic capacity, but not in boys.

The third edition (MOVI-KIDS) was aimed at children aged 4 to 7 years to test the hypotheses that vigorous physical activity at early ages could produce lifelong cardio-metabolic benefits. This study show that, as in the case of the IDEFICS study in children of similar age, the intervention was not effective in improving fitness.

The fourth edition (MOVI-da10!) was carried out at schoolchildren of the same age range, but focusing on active breaks designs, and as a controlled cluster-randomized trial, to test the effectiveness of a classroom-based physical activity intervention on improving, body composition, cardiorespiratory fitness and executive function.

The fifth edition (MOVI-daFit!) was carried out with 9 to 11 years schoolchildren, and consisted in a standardized recreative, non-competitive, physical activity intervention based on games adapted to high intensity interval training methodology (out of school hours, four times by week, one hour session). The aim was to test the effectiveness of an extracurricular physical activity intervention based on high intensity interval training (MOVI-daFit!) on improving cardiorespiratory fitness, cardiometabolic risk, executive function, and academic performance.

The results from these last two editions are currently under process of publishing.

The new edition (MOVI-HIIT) has been designed controlled cluster-randomized trial including 10 schools from Ciudad Real province, Spain. It will include two arms (one intervention and one control arm), in which 5 schools will be randomly assigned to the group in which a physical activity intervention will be performed (MOVI-HIIT), and another 5 schools to the control group in which the usual tasks will be performed.

With the MOVI-HIIT intervention, based on high intensity interval training integrated into the classroom for children of 2nd and 3rd grade of preschool education of one year of duration:

1. Cardiorespiratory fitness (VO2max) will increase in the intervention group (IG) whose values are below the 50th percentile for their age and sex compared to those with the same condition in the control group (CG), with an effect size (standardized mean difference) of 0.3 (moderate). This hypothesis will be used to calculate the sample size in this proposal. Considering only half of schoolchildren with lower cardiorespiratory fitness in IG and CG is due to the fact that VO2 max cannot be increased in trained subjects, and it is possible to increase it very little (less than 2%) in those with acceptable levels of aerobic capacity.

2. It will reduce the percentage of body fat in the IG versus the CG by 6%.

3. It will improve the executive function.

Conditions

Physical Activity; Obesity; Children; Cardiovascular; High Intensity Interval Training; Cognition

Study Design

• Allocation Method: RANDOMIZED
• Intervention Model: PARALLEL
• Primary Study Purpose: PREVENTION
• Blinding Strategy: NONE

Study Groups

Usual classroom teaching methodology

Students in the CG will receive mandatory lessons on Spain (one 45-minute session of Psychomotor/Physical Education), and the usual classroom teaching methodology. Teachers in the CG schools will be asked not to make any changes to their methodology during the time of the study, with the promise by the research team to share and explain the MOVI-HIIT materials once the interventions are completed.

Group Type: NO_INTERVENTION

No interventions assigned to this group

Usual classroom teaching methodology + MOVI-HIIT intervention

The design of the MOVI-HIIT intervention is framed within the socio-ecological model of behavior modification, in such a way that it will be designed to intervene in the individual, family and school environment. It will have a duration of one school year and will consist of two 5-minute daily physical activity breaks based on intervallic training, five days a week.

Group Type: EXPERIMENTAL

MOVI intervention

Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL

Each HIIT break will last approximately 5 minutes and will not require any specific materials. The structure of the HIIT-Rest will be as follows: 1' to describe the work to be done; 3' of work following the HIIT protocol: 6 repetitions of a functional movement such as squats, Jumping Jack or running on site for 10" at high intensity (85-90% of HR max) followed by 20" of recovery (65-75% of HR max); and 1' to perform a return to calm in order to lower the activation and prepare the student body to return to class activities. To increase the workload, and after evaluation of cardiorespiratory capacity, after 12 weeks of program, the HIIT protocol will be changed to 20" of high intensity work alternating with 10" of recovery.

Interventions

MOVI intervention

Each HIIT break will last approximately 5 minutes and will not require any specific materials. The structure of the HIIT-Rest will be as follows: 1' to describe the work to be done; 3' of work following the HIIT protocol: 6 repetitions of a functional movement such as squats, Jumping Jack or running on site for 10" at high intensity (85-90% of HR max) followed by 20" of recovery (65-75% of HR max); and 1' to perform a return to calm in order to lower the activation and prepare the student body to return to class activities. To increase the workload, and after evaluation of cardiorespiratory capacity, after 12 weeks of program, the HIIT protocol will be changed to 20" of high intensity work alternating with 10" of recovery.

Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL

Other Intervention Names

MOVI-HIIT

Eligibility Criteria

Inclusion Criteria

• Schools in the province of Ciudad Real with at least one class (classroom) at each level (2nd and 3rd of preschool education), and in which the School Board gives its approval to the interventions and to the basal and final evaluations.
• The participating schoolchildren must belong to the 2nd and 3rd year of preschool education, not have any malformation that prevents them from learning the Spanish language (or Spanish sign language), not have any type of physical or mental disorder that parents and/or teachers have identified that prevents the performance of physical activities, not suffer from any chronic disease such as heart disease, diabetes or asthma that, according to the criteria of their pediatrician - after analysis of the program of activities - prevents their participation in them.
• As this is an intervention in the classroom, the school faculty will include the active breaks proposed in the center's programming, for which reason the intervention will be received by all the children in each IG school. However, we will consider school participants to be those who have the consent of the parent or guardian for participation in the study. In addition, schoolchildren must verbally express their willingness to participate in the baseline and final physical examinations.

Exclusion Criteria

• Children with severe Spanish language learning difficulties.
• Children with serious physical or mental disorders identified by parents or teachers that would impede participation in the programme's activities.
• Children diagnoses of chronic disorders, such as heart disease, diabetes or asthma, which in the opinion of their paediatricians would prevent their participation in the programme's activities (MOVI-HIIT).

• Minimum Eligible Age: 4 Years
• Maximum Eligible Age: 6 Years
• Eligible Sex: ALL
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: Yes

Sponsors

Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación, Spain

OTHER_GOV

Sponsor Role: collaborator

University of Castilla-La Mancha

OTHER

Sponsor Role: lead

Responsible Party

Responsibility Role: SPONSOR

Principal Investigators

Mairena Sanchez-Lopez, PhD

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

University of Castilla-La Mancha

Locations

Social and Health Research Center. Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha

Cuenca, , Spain

Countries

Spain

Other Identifiers

PID2019-104160RB-I00

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id