Pilot Study to Evaluate the Safety, Tolerability, and Efficacy of 5-ALA-Phosphate + SFC as an Immune System Enhancer Along With Vaccination Against COVID-19
NCT ID: NCT04854876
Last Updated: 2021-09-22
Study Results
Results pending
The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.
Basic Information
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Recruitment Status
WITHDRAWN
Clinical Phase
NA
Study Classification
INTERVENTIONAL
Study Start Date
2021-08-15
Study Completion Date
2021-08-30
Brief Summary
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This is an open-label, two arm interventional exploratory study to evaluate the safety and efficacy of 5-ALA-Phosphate-SFC during the vaccination of subjects against SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) virus infection to define the safety and to activate the immune system during SARS-CoV-2 vaccination.
The primary objective of this study is to determine the safety of a 4 week daily oral administration of 5-ALA-Phosphate + SFC in subjects vaccinated with COVID-19 Vaccine
The primary objective of this study is to determine the safety of a 4 week daily oral administration of 5-ALA-Phosphate + SFC in subjects vaccinated with COVID-19 Vaccine
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Detailed Description
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This is an open-label, two arm interventional exploratory study to evaluate the safety and efficacy of 5-ALA-Phosphate-SFC during the vaccination of subjects against SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) virus infection to define the safety and to activate the immune system during SARS-CoV-2 vaccination.
Arm 1: 100 subjects that were vaccinated with the first dose of a COVID-19 Vaccine (any brand approved in Bahrain is permitted) and that will be treated with 150mg 5-ALA Phosphate/SFC for 28 days and
Arm 2: 100 subjects that were vaccinated with the first dose of a COVID-19 Vaccine (any brand approved in Bahrain is permitted) only (Control)
The duration of this clinical study will depend on the type of the vaccine, the subject was administered with.
Primary Endpoints: All treatment emergent AEs and SAEs Grade III and IV (CTC) with reasonable possibility of causal relationship to 5-ALA-Phosphate + SFC
Secondary Endpoint:
* Serum levels of biomarkers (CD4+/- and CD8+/- ) before and after vaccination with and without ALA/SFC administration.
* Total antibody level and neutralizing antibody level
Exploratory Endpoints:
1. Measurement of total IgA, IgM and IgG antibodies against SARS-CoV 2.
2. Measurement of neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2.
Safety:
The following safety endpoints will be assessed:
* Clinical laboratory assessments (hepatic function,)
* All reports of AEs and SAEs Grade III and IV (CTC) with reasonable possibility of causal relationship to 5-ALA-Phosphate + SFC
Efficacy:
Efficacy will be assessing the immune system related T-helper cells and antibodies after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination for each subject.
From day 0 onwards, all subjects keep a subject diary, which they fill out daily in order to record the dosage with the study treatment. Patients must meet the testing requirements on the day of the first vaccination (Day 0) and on the Day of the second vaccination and on Day 28 and on Follow-up visit.
The food supplement 5-Aminolevulinic acid phosphate and Sodium ferrous citrate (5-ALA-Phosphate + SFC) will be administered orally daily for 4 weeks at the following TOTAL daily doses:
Subjects in the vaccination + ALA/SFC arm (Arm 1) will receive:
• In total 3 capsules of 50 mg 5-ALA-Phosphate and 28.68 mg SFC (3.04 mg as Fe) per day, 2 capsules in the morning and 1 capsule in the evening resulting in 150 mg 5-ALA-Phosphate and 86.04 mg SFC ( 9.12 mg as Fe) total daily dose for 28 days
Heme is critical for appropriate oxygen binding and delivery to remote site and without the heme contained within the hemoglobin tetramer, multicellular organisms would be unable to survive. Furthermore HO-1 degrades heme into biliverdin, carbon monoxide (CO), and iron, and biliverdin is immediately reduced and turned into bilirubin by biliverdin reductase. Biliverdin/bilirubin and CO both have anti-oxidative functions and they regulate important biological processes like inflammation, apoptosis, cell proliferation, fibrosis, and angiogenesis. Therefore, HO-1 is deemed to be a promising drug target (Ryter 2006). HO-1 is a major anti-inflammatory enzyme and a key regulator that induces immune tolerance.
5-ALA-Phosphate + SFC increases heme metabolism and HO-1 via enhancement of porphyrin biology and utilizes the HO-1 for endothelial pacification strategy. Nishio reported 2014 that 5-aminolevulinic acid, a precursor of heme, in combination with divalent iron (SFC) is also able to induce HO-1 in vitro (Nishio 2014). This was attributed to the upregulation of heme synthesis and that 5-ALA+SFC transiently increased the intracellular heme amount through the phosphorylation of ERK / p38 and the nuclear translocation of a transcription factor Nrf2, as well as the depletion of a repressor protein BACH1 binding to the promoter site of HO-1. Similarly, Nakaso et al., 2003, Nishio et al., 2014, Ogawa et al., 2001, Saito et al., 2017 found that hemin administration promoted Nrf2 nuclear translocation and BACH1 dissociation leading to HO-1 induction.
Ito found in 2018 that the combination of 5-ALA 600 mg and sodium ferrous citrate (SFC) 942 mg upregulated HO-1 in PBMC at 8 h after administration while sole administration of 5-ALA or SFC was unable to induce HO-1. HO-1 in blood myeloid and plasmacytoid dendritic cells was also upregulated by the combination of 5-ALA + SFC.
In summary the versatility of the administration of 5-ALA plus iron citrate (SFC) enables the body to counteract the inflammatory reactions that the virus induces in the endothelial system and multiple organs in the event of a virus attack by increasing the formation of HO-1.
Arm 1: 100 subjects that were vaccinated with the first dose of a COVID-19 Vaccine (any brand approved in Bahrain is permitted) and that will be treated with 150mg 5-ALA Phosphate/SFC for 28 days and
Arm 2: 100 subjects that were vaccinated with the first dose of a COVID-19 Vaccine (any brand approved in Bahrain is permitted) only (Control)
The duration of this clinical study will depend on the type of the vaccine, the subject was administered with.
Primary Endpoints: All treatment emergent AEs and SAEs Grade III and IV (CTC) with reasonable possibility of causal relationship to 5-ALA-Phosphate + SFC
Secondary Endpoint:
* Serum levels of biomarkers (CD4+/- and CD8+/- ) before and after vaccination with and without ALA/SFC administration.
* Total antibody level and neutralizing antibody level
Exploratory Endpoints:
1. Measurement of total IgA, IgM and IgG antibodies against SARS-CoV 2.
2. Measurement of neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2.
Safety:
The following safety endpoints will be assessed:
* Clinical laboratory assessments (hepatic function,)
* All reports of AEs and SAEs Grade III and IV (CTC) with reasonable possibility of causal relationship to 5-ALA-Phosphate + SFC
Efficacy:
Efficacy will be assessing the immune system related T-helper cells and antibodies after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination for each subject.
From day 0 onwards, all subjects keep a subject diary, which they fill out daily in order to record the dosage with the study treatment. Patients must meet the testing requirements on the day of the first vaccination (Day 0) and on the Day of the second vaccination and on Day 28 and on Follow-up visit.
The food supplement 5-Aminolevulinic acid phosphate and Sodium ferrous citrate (5-ALA-Phosphate + SFC) will be administered orally daily for 4 weeks at the following TOTAL daily doses:
Subjects in the vaccination + ALA/SFC arm (Arm 1) will receive:
• In total 3 capsules of 50 mg 5-ALA-Phosphate and 28.68 mg SFC (3.04 mg as Fe) per day, 2 capsules in the morning and 1 capsule in the evening resulting in 150 mg 5-ALA-Phosphate and 86.04 mg SFC ( 9.12 mg as Fe) total daily dose for 28 days
Heme is critical for appropriate oxygen binding and delivery to remote site and without the heme contained within the hemoglobin tetramer, multicellular organisms would be unable to survive. Furthermore HO-1 degrades heme into biliverdin, carbon monoxide (CO), and iron, and biliverdin is immediately reduced and turned into bilirubin by biliverdin reductase. Biliverdin/bilirubin and CO both have anti-oxidative functions and they regulate important biological processes like inflammation, apoptosis, cell proliferation, fibrosis, and angiogenesis. Therefore, HO-1 is deemed to be a promising drug target (Ryter 2006). HO-1 is a major anti-inflammatory enzyme and a key regulator that induces immune tolerance.
5-ALA-Phosphate + SFC increases heme metabolism and HO-1 via enhancement of porphyrin biology and utilizes the HO-1 for endothelial pacification strategy. Nishio reported 2014 that 5-aminolevulinic acid, a precursor of heme, in combination with divalent iron (SFC) is also able to induce HO-1 in vitro (Nishio 2014). This was attributed to the upregulation of heme synthesis and that 5-ALA+SFC transiently increased the intracellular heme amount through the phosphorylation of ERK / p38 and the nuclear translocation of a transcription factor Nrf2, as well as the depletion of a repressor protein BACH1 binding to the promoter site of HO-1. Similarly, Nakaso et al., 2003, Nishio et al., 2014, Ogawa et al., 2001, Saito et al., 2017 found that hemin administration promoted Nrf2 nuclear translocation and BACH1 dissociation leading to HO-1 induction.
Ito found in 2018 that the combination of 5-ALA 600 mg and sodium ferrous citrate (SFC) 942 mg upregulated HO-1 in PBMC at 8 h after administration while sole administration of 5-ALA or SFC was unable to induce HO-1. HO-1 in blood myeloid and plasmacytoid dendritic cells was also upregulated by the combination of 5-ALA + SFC.
In summary the versatility of the administration of 5-ALA plus iron citrate (SFC) enables the body to counteract the inflammatory reactions that the virus induces in the endothelial system and multiple organs in the event of a virus attack by increasing the formation of HO-1.
Conditions
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SARS-COV 2
Covid19
Study Design
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Allocation Method
RANDOMIZED
Intervention Model
PARALLEL
This is an open-label, two arm interventional exploratory study, in which one arm will consist of 100 subjects that were vaccinated with the first dose of a COVID-19 Vaccine (any brand approved in Bahrain is permitted) and those will be treated with 150mg 5-ALA Phosphate/SFC for 28 days. The second arm will consist of 100 subjects that were vaccinated with the first dose of a COVID-19 Vaccine (any brand approved in Bahrain is permitted) only (Control). This is to determine the safety and evaluate the efficacy of 5-ALA-Phosphate-SFC during the vaccination of subjects against SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) virus infection and to activate the immune system during SARS-CoV-2 vaccination.
Primary Study Purpose
PREVENTION
Blinding Strategy
NONE
Study Groups
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Vaccinated with 1st dose of COVID-19 Vaccine & treated with 5-ALA Phosphate/SFC
100 subjects that were vaccinated with the first dose of a COVID-19 Vaccine (any brand approved in Bahrain is permitted) and that will be treated with 150mg 5-ALA Phosphate/SFC for 28 days
Group Type
EXPERIMENTAL
5-ALA-Phosphate + SFC (5-ALA+SFC)
Intervention Type
DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT
The food supplement 5-Aminolevulinic acid phosphate and Sodium ferrous citrate (5-ALA-Phosphate + SFC) will be administered orally daily for 28 days. The dose will be in total 3 capsules of 50 mg 5-ALA-Phosphate and 28.68 mg SFC (3.04 mg as Fe) per day, 2 capsules in the morning and 1 capsule in the evening resulting in 150 mg 5-ALA-Phosphate and 86.04 mg SFC ( 9.12 mg as Fe).
Vaccinated with 1st dose of COVID-19 Vaccine
100 subjects that were vaccinated with the first dose of a COVID-19 Vaccine (any brand approved in Bahrain is permitted) only (Control)
Group Type
NO_INTERVENTION
No interventions assigned to this group
Interventions
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5-ALA-Phosphate + SFC (5-ALA+SFC)
The food supplement 5-Aminolevulinic acid phosphate and Sodium ferrous citrate (5-ALA-Phosphate + SFC) will be administered orally daily for 28 days. The dose will be in total 3 capsules of 50 mg 5-ALA-Phosphate and 28.68 mg SFC (3.04 mg as Fe) per day, 2 capsules in the morning and 1 capsule in the evening resulting in 150 mg 5-ALA-Phosphate and 86.04 mg SFC ( 9.12 mg as Fe).
Intervention Type
DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT
Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria
* Willing and able to provide written informed consent, or with a legal representative who can provide informed consent
* Aged ≥ 21 years (at all sites)
* Subjects that have been vaccinated with the first dose of a vaccine (any brand approved in Bahrain is permitted) to protect against COVID-19 infection
* Aged ≥ 21 years (at all sites)
* Subjects that have been vaccinated with the first dose of a vaccine (any brand approved in Bahrain is permitted) to protect against COVID-19 infection
Exclusion Criteria
* Subject has acute or chronic type(s) of porphyria or a family history of porphyria.
* Subject has demonstrated previous intolerance of 5-ALA and/or SFC by topical or oral administration (except for photosensitivity)
* Pregnant or nursing women
* Males and females of reproductive potential who have not agreed to use an adequate method of contraception during the study.
* Subjects who are unable or unwilling to comply with requirements of the clinical trial.
* Participation in any other clinical trial of an experimental treatment for COVID-19
* Subjects who may be excluded at the Investigator's discretion
* Subject has demonstrated previous intolerance of 5-ALA and/or SFC by topical or oral administration (except for photosensitivity)
* Pregnant or nursing women
* Males and females of reproductive potential who have not agreed to use an adequate method of contraception during the study.
* Subjects who are unable or unwilling to comply with requirements of the clinical trial.
* Participation in any other clinical trial of an experimental treatment for COVID-19
* Subjects who may be excluded at the Investigator's discretion
Minimum Eligible Age
21 Years
Eligible Sex
ALL
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Yes
Sponsors
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Bahrain Defence Force Hospital
OTHER
Sponsor Role
collaborator
Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland - Medical University of Bahrain
OTHER
Sponsor Role
lead
Responsible Party
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Responsibility Role
SPONSOR
Principal Investigators
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Abdulla Darwish, Dr
Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
Bahrain Defense Force Royal Medical Services, Military Hospital
References
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Other Identifiers
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BDF/R&REC/2021-566
Identifier Type: -
Identifier Source: org_study_id
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