Music as a Nonpharmacologic Approach to Pain Control With Intrauterine Device Placement

NCT ID: NCT04835701

Last Updated: 2022-07-15

Basic Information

• Recruitment Status: TERMINATED
• Clinical Phase: NA
• Total Enrollment: 8 participants
• Study Classification: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Start Date: 2020-12-14
• Study Completion Date: 2021-11-16

Brief Summary

The intervention of this study is the addition of patient-selected music during IUD insertion procedure. Subjects randomized to the music group will choose 10 songs, which will be played during the procedure, from the time of positioning through completion of IUD insertion and speculum removal. Music may be played through a portable speaker in close proximity to the patient or through the patient's own headphones, if preferred. Music will be played at a low enough volume for subjects to hear standard anticipatory guidance during the procedure. Both control and music groups will otherwise undergo the same standard protocol for IUD insertion in an outpatient clinic setting. Total participation is predicted to last approximately 30 minutes.

Subjects in both control and intervention groups will undergo the same assessment of pain during IUD insertion using the 100-mm visual analog scale (VAS). This will be administered at 8 points during the procedure. All subjects will also answer the same 5-question satisfaction survey following IUD insertion. Pain scores will be measured and compared between music and control groups to assess the primary and secondary outcomes of this study.

Detailed Description

This is a prospective, two-center, randomized controlled trial evaluating whether music reduces pain and improves satisfaction during IUD insertion. Computer-generated randomization assignments will allocate subjects to either music or standard protocol groups. 40 music and 40 control designations will be allocated to both sites, and all designations will be block-stratified into 10 blocks, each containing 4 controls and 4 intervention (music) subjects. This will ensure there are close to equal numbers of subjects in both groups if recruitment is halted before the minimum of 80 patients are enrolled. Assignments are available in a read-only document accessible by all co-investigators at the time of enrollment and randomization.

Subjects randomized to the music group will choose 10 songs, which will be played during the procedure, from the time of positioning through completion of IUD insertion and speculum removal. Music may be played through a portable speaker in close proximity to the patient or through the patient's own headphones, if preferred. Both control and music groups will otherwise undergo the same standard anticipatory guidance and protocol for IUD insertion in an outpatient clinic setting. Total participation is predicted to last approximately 30 minutes, as is standard for an appointment for IUD insertion. Study subjects will not interact with other participants.

Patients in both control and intervention groups will undergo intrauterine device (IUD) insertion. Pain will be assessed using a 100-mm visual analog scale (VAS) at 8 points during the procedure, including: (1) anticipated pain, (2) baseline pain prior to IUD insertion, (3) after speculum placement, (4) on tenaculum application, (5) on uterine sounding, (6) at IUD insertion, (7) after speculum removal, and (8) 5 minutes following the procedure. Patients will also answer a brief 5-question satisfaction survey following IUD insertion. Pain scores will be measured and compared between music and control groups to assess the primary and secondary outcomes of this study.

VAS scores will be recorded by the attending physician or co-investigator, as they will reliably note when each step of the procedure occurs and pain should be assessed. They will present the 100mm visual analog scale (VAS) to the patient at each of the 8 points of the procedure, and the patient will mark their pain score. Scores will be measured and documented by a single co-investigator to eliminate bias or differences in measurement.

VAS scores will be analyzed separately for each of the 8 distinct points described during the IUD insertion procedure. Differences between the intervention (music) and control groups will be assessed using a 0.05 level Wilcoxon ranksum test. A significant difference in pain will be noted if at least a 20 mm difference in VAS pain score exists between the two groups at any point of the procedure when VAS score is collected.

The aim of this study is to determine if music, chosen by the patient and played during IUD insertion, leads to lower pain scores and improved patient satisfaction with the procedure.

Conditions

Contraception

Study Design

• Allocation Method: RANDOMIZED
• Intervention Model: PARALLEL
• Primary Study Purpose: DIAGNOSTIC
• Blinding Strategy: NONE

Study Groups

Music Intervention group

Subjects randomized to the music group will choose 10 songs, which will be played during the procedure, from the time of positioning through completion of IUD insertion and speculum removal. Participants will otherwise undergo standard protocol for IUD insertion in an outpatient clinic setting. Total participation is predicted to last approximately 30 minutes.

Group Type: EXPERIMENTAL

Music

Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL

Music may be played through a portable speaker in close proximity to the patient or through the patient's own headphones, if preferred. Music will be played at a low enough volume for subjects to hear standard anticipatory guidance during the procedure.

Control group

Participants to undergo same standard protocol for IUD insertion in an outpatient clinic setting. No music will be played during the procedure.

Group Type: NO_INTERVENTION

No interventions assigned to this group

Interventions

Music

Music may be played through a portable speaker in close proximity to the patient or through the patient's own headphones, if preferred. Music will be played at a low enough volume for subjects to hear standard anticipatory guidance during the procedure.

Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL

Eligibility Criteria

Inclusion Criteria

• Provision of signed and dated informed consent form
• Nulliparous adult females age 18 years or older (nulliparous is defined as no prior pregnancies greater than or equal to 20 weeks of gestation)
• English-speaking patients
• Undergoing insertion of a copper or levonorgestrel intrauterine device
• Willing to comply with all study procedures

Exclusion Criteria

• Non-English speaking patients
• Patients with a support person in the room during IUD insertion
• Patients desiring a paracervical block for analgesia

• Minimum Eligible Age: 18 Years
• Eligible Sex: ALL
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: Yes

Sponsors

Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai

OTHER

Sponsor Role: lead

Responsible Party

Melissa Lozano

Assistant Professor, Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Science

Responsibility Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Principal Investigators

Neha R Bhardwaj, MD

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai

Locations

Mount Sinai Beth Israel

New York, New York, United States

Mount Sinai West

New York, New York, United States

Countries

United States

Other Identifiers

IRB-20-03749

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id