Spatial Repellents for Vector Control

NCT ID: NCT04795648

Last Updated: 2024-04-02

Study Results

Results pending

The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.

Basic Information

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Recruitment Status

COMPLETED

Clinical Phase

NA

Total Enrollment

1911 participants

Study Classification

INTERVENTIONAL

Study Start Date

2021-07-08

Study Completion Date

2024-03-02

Brief Summary

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The primary objective of the study is to demonstrate and quantify the protective efficacy of a single Spatial Repellent (SR) product, in reducing malaria infection in a human cohort. The study design will be a prospective cluster Randomized Control Trial (cRCT).

Detailed Description

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Children ≥ 6 months to \< 10 years of age will be enrolled in a single cohort across 60 clusters (30 clusters per treatment arm). The cohort will be followed for 6 months for baseline covariate measurements and 24 months with intervention. Blood samples will be taken once every 4 weeks from all cohort subjects to test for malaria infection and whenever a subject reports a recent history of fever (within previous 48 hours). During follow up of enrolled subjects, study clinicians will have the option to conduct a Hb test for enrolled subjects when they may present signs of anemia to see if they might need additional treatment beyond malaria ACTs (if malaria infection is indicated). Rapid Diagnostic Tests (RDTs) will be used for point-of-care diagnosis of malaria infection with microscopy used to confirm infection status. All positive malaria infections as indicated by either RDT or microscopy, clinical and asymptomatic, will be treated. If a subject has a RDT negative outcome but a positive microscopy diagnosis, follow up treatment for the malaria infection will be provided to the subject within 72hrs of the microscopy read. Cohort subjects who test positive for malaria by either RDT or microscopy, symptomatic or asymptomatic, during both scheduled and unscheduled visits will be treated with ACTs. The incidence of malaria infection will be measured by microscopy and estimated and compared between treatment arms to determine the benefit of using an SR in an area with high, seasonal transmission of malaria.

Entomological endpoints of exposure risk to mosquitoes will also be measured to identify entomological correlates of SR efficacy that may be useful for the evaluation of new SR products. Twenty clusters (10 SR, 10 placebo) will be randomly selected to estimate the impact of the SR on entomological measures of malaria transmission. Within each cluster, light trap collections will be conducted monthly in 10 randomly selected households to assess the impact of SRs on the density of Anopheles mosquitoes indoors. Human landing catches will be done indoors and outdoors in 6 intervention and 6 control clusters (the 12 clusters will remain fixed throughout the study) in four houses (randomly selected) in each cluster for the period of 2 nights (total of 48 houses across both arms) once every quarter (3 months) to determine the effect of SR on the host seeking behavior of mosquitoes.

The SR will be a new formulation of transfluthrin. This active ingredient (AI) is widely used in mosquito coils and other household pest control products. The new formulation is a passive emanator that will release the AI over a period of up to four weeks. The emanator will consist of a pre-treated piece of cellulose acetate, which will be positioned within consenting households according to manufacturer specifications. The SRs and placebos for this study will be designed and manufactured by S.C. Johnson, Inc. USA.

Conditions

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Malaria

Study Design

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Allocation Method

RANDOMIZED

Intervention Model

PARALLEL

The study design will be a prospective cluster Randomized Control Trial (cRCT)
Primary Study Purpose

PREVENTION

Blinding Strategy

QUADRUPLE

Participants Caregivers Investigators Outcome Assessors

Study Groups

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Spatial Repellent

Transfluthrin

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

Transfluthrin

Intervention Type DEVICE

Passive emanator with formulated transfluthrin

Placebo

Inert ingredients

Group Type PLACEBO_COMPARATOR

Placebo

Intervention Type DEVICE

Passive emanator with formulated inert ingredients

Interventions

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Transfluthrin

Passive emanator with formulated transfluthrin

Intervention Type DEVICE

Placebo

Passive emanator with formulated inert ingredients

Intervention Type DEVICE

Eligibility Criteria

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Inclusion Criteria

* Children ≥ 6 months to \< 10 years of age
* Children with Hb \> 7 g/dL and no signs of known chronic disease or other other serious illness
* Sleeps in cluster ≥ 90% of nights during any given month
* Not participating in another clinical trial investigating a vaccine, drug, medical device, or a medical procedure during the trial
* Provision of informed consent (and/or assent) form (ICF) signed by the parent(s) or guardian

Exclusion Criteria

* Children \< 6 months or ≥ 10 years
* Childrend with Hb \<= 7 g/dL with signs of known chronic disease or other serious illness, or Hb \<6 g/dL with signs of clinical decompensation
* Sleeps in cluster \<90% of nights during any given month
* Participating or planned participation in another clinical trial investigating a vaccine, drug, medical device, or a medical procedure during the trial
* No provision of ICF (and/or assent) signed by the parent(s) or guardian
Minimum Eligible Age

6 Months

Maximum Eligible Age

10 Years

Eligible Sex

ALL

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Sponsors

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S.C. Johnson & Son, Inc.

INDUSTRY

Sponsor Role collaborator

fhiClinical

UNKNOWN

Sponsor Role collaborator

Malaria Research and Training Center, Bamako, Mali

OTHER

Sponsor Role collaborator

Catholic Relief Services

OTHER

Sponsor Role collaborator

University of Notre Dame

OTHER

Sponsor Role lead

Responsible Party

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Responsibility Role SPONSOR

Principal Investigators

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John P Grieco, Ph.D.

Role: STUDY_DIRECTOR

University of Notre Dame

Suzanne Van Hulle, M.H.S

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Catholic Relief Services

Locations

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Catholic Relief Services

Bamako, , Mali

Site Status

Malaria Research and Training Center (MRTC), University of Bamako, Mali

Bamako, , Mali

Site Status

Countries

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Mali

References

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Achee NL, Bangs MJ, Farlow R, Killeen GF, Lindsay S, Logan JG, Moore SJ, Rowland M, Sweeney K, Torr SJ, Zwiebel LJ, Grieco JP. Spatial repellents: from discovery and development to evidence-based validation. Malar J. 2012 May 14;11:164. doi: 10.1186/1475-2875-11-164.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 22583679 (View on PubMed)

Cisse MB, Keita C, Dicko A, Dengela D, Coleman J, Lucas B, Mihigo J, Sadou A, Belemvire A, George K, Fornadel C, Beach R. Characterizing the insecticide resistance of Anopheles gambiae in Mali. Malar J. 2015 Aug 22;14:327. doi: 10.1186/s12936-015-0847-4.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 26296644 (View on PubMed)

Fanello C, Petrarca V, della Torre A, Santolamazza F, Dolo G, Coulibaly M, Alloueche A, Curtis CF, Toure YT, Coluzzi M. The pyrethroid knock-down resistance gene in the Anopheles gambiae complex in Mali and further indication of incipient speciation within An. gambiae s.s. Insect Mol Biol. 2003 Jun;12(3):241-5. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2583.2003.00407.x.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 12752657 (View on PubMed)

Hill N, Zhou HN, Wang P, Guo X, Carneiro I, Moore SJ. A household randomized, controlled trial of the efficacy of 0.03% transfluthrin coils alone and in combination with long-lasting insecticidal nets on the incidence of Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax malaria in Western Yunnan Province, China. Malar J. 2014 May 31;13:208. doi: 10.1186/1475-2875-13-208.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 24885993 (View on PubMed)

Kawada H, Temu EA, Minjas JN, Matsumoto O, Iwasaki T, Takagi M. Field evaluation of spatial repellency of metofluthrin-impregnated plastic strips against Anopheles gambiae complex in Bagamoyo, coastal Tanzania. J Am Mosq Control Assoc. 2008 Sep;24(3):404-9. doi: 10.2987/5743.1.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 18939693 (View on PubMed)

Keita M, Traore S, Sogoba N, Dicko AM, Coulibaly B, Sacko A, Doumbia S, Traore SF. [Susceptibility status of Anopheles gambiae sensu lato to insecticides commonly used for malaria control in Mali]. Bull Soc Pathol Exot. 2016 Feb;109(1):39-45. doi: 10.1007/s13149-015-0461-2. Epub 2016 Jan 6. French.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 26740098 (View on PubMed)

Lucas JR, Shono Y, Iwasaki T, Ishiwatari T, Spero N, Benzon G. U.S. laboratory and field trials of metofluthrin (SumiOne) emanators for reducing mosquito biting outdoors. J Am Mosq Control Assoc. 2007 Mar;23(1):47-54. doi: 10.2987/8756-971X(2007)23[47:ULAFTO]2.0.CO;2.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 17536367 (View on PubMed)

Ogoma SB, Moore SJ, Maia MF. A systematic review of mosquito coils and passive emanators: defining recommendations for spatial repellency testing methodologies. Parasit Vectors. 2012 Dec 7;5:287. doi: 10.1186/1756-3305-5-287.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 23216844 (View on PubMed)

Syafruddin D, Bangs MJ, Sidik D, Elyazar I, Asih PB, Chan K, Nurleila S, Nixon C, Hendarto J, Wahid I, Ishak H, Bogh C, Grieco JP, Achee NL, Baird JK. Impact of a spatial repellent on malaria incidence in two villages in Sumba, Indonesia. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2014 Dec;91(6):1079-87. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.13-0735. Epub 2014 Oct 13.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 25311699 (View on PubMed)

Tripet F, Wright J, Cornel A, Fofana A, McAbee R, Meneses C, Reimer L, Slotman M, Thiemann T, Dolo G, Traore S, Lanzaro G. Longitudinal survey of knockdown resistance to pyrethroid (kdr) in Mali, West Africa, and evidence of its emergence in the Bamako form of Anopheles gambiae s.s. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2007 Jan;76(1):81-7.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 17255234 (View on PubMed)

Van Hulle S, Sagara I, Mbodji M, Nana GI, Coulibaly M, Dicko A, Kone M, Thera I, Sylla D, Traore MD, Liu F, Grieco JP, Achee NL. Evaluation of the protective efficacy of a spatial repellent to reduce malaria incidence in children in Mali compared to placebo: study protocol for a cluster-randomized double-blinded control trial (the AEGIS program). Trials. 2022 Apr 5;23(1):259. doi: 10.1186/s13063-022-06197-w.

Reference Type DERIVED
PMID: 35382856 (View on PubMed)

Related Links

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https://dhsprogram.com/pubs/pdf/SR261/SR261.E.pdf

Demographic Health Survey, Mali, 2018

https://www.dhis2.org/about

Health Management Information System, DHIS2, 2018

https://catalog.ihsn.org/index.php/catalog/4569

Recensement General de la Population et de l'Habitat du Mali (RGPH) 2009

Other Identifiers

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20-10-6245

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id

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