Fecal Microbiota Transplantation to Improve Efficacy of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Renal Cell Carcinoma

Study Results

Results pending

The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.

Basic Information

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Recruitment Status

COMPLETED

Clinical Phase

PHASE1/PHASE2

Total Enrollment

50 participants

Study Classification

INTERVENTIONAL

Study Start Date

2021-02-18

Study Completion Date

2025-07-28

Brief Summary

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Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is the sixth most common cancer in men and the eighth in women in the USA. In Italy RCC incidence was 11500 new cases in 2017, while mortality was 3371 cases in 2015. Increasing evidence suggests that response to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), a novel treatment for advanced RCC (aRCC) and other epithelial tumors, can be influenced by the patient gut microbiota. Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is a novel therapeutic option based on the restoration of healthy gut microbiota, and is the most effective therapy for recurrent C. difficile infection, and preliminary nonrandomized findings show that FMT is able to improve efficacy of ICIs in patients with advanced melanoma. The aim of this study is to evaluate, through a randomized controlled trial, the efficacy of targeted FMT (from donors who are responding to ICI. in improving response rates to ICIs in subjects with aRCC.

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Detailed Description

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Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is the sixth most common cancer in men and the eighth in women in the USA. In Italy RCC incidence was 11500 new cases in 2017, while mortality was 3371 cases in 2015. Increasing evidence suggests that response to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), a novel treatment for advanced RCC (aRCC) and other epithelial tumors, can be influenced by the patient gut microbiota. Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is a novel therapeutic option based on the restoration of healthy gut microbiota, and is the most effective therapy for recurrent C. difficile infection, and preliminary nonrandomized findings show that FMT is able to improve efficacy of ICIs in patients with advanced melanoma. The aim of the study is to evaluate, through a randomized controlled trial, the efficacy of targeted FMT (from donors who are responding to ICI) in improving response rates to ICIs in subjects with aRCC. So, the investigators will investigate, through a randomized controlled trial, if donor FMT will be more effective than placebo FMT in improving response to ICIs in patients with renal cell carcinoma. Patients will undergo the first infusion by colonoscopy. Then, patients will receive frozen fecal capsules (8 capsules t.i.d.) at 3 and 6 months after the first FMT.

Fifty patients will be enrolled. Sample size calculation was based on the hypothesis of the superiority of FMT+SOC over SOC alone. The 1-year PFS rate for SOC has been reported to be nearly 60%. The alternative hypothesis is that FMT can improve the 1-year PFS rate from 60% to 80% wen associated to SOC. A total of 50 patients will enter this two-treatment parallel-design study. The probability is 80 percent that the study will detect a treatment difference at a one-sided 5.0 percent significance level, if the true hazard ratio is 0.436. This is based on the assumption that the accrual period will be 36 months and the follow up period will be 36 months and the median survival is 15.1 months. The total number of events will be 37.

Conditions

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Renal Cell Carcinoma

Study Design

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Allocation Method

RANDOMIZED

Intervention Model

PARALLEL

randomized controlled trial

Primary Study Purpose

TREATMENT

Blinding Strategy

QUADRUPLE

Participants Caregivers Investigators Outcome Assessors

To mask treatments to physicisans and recipients, both FMT bottles and syringes will be covered with dark-coloured paper before the infusion, and the patients will be unable to see the endoscopic display during the procedure. Moreover, the physicians who will evsaluate patients at follow-up will not aware of the treatment being administered.

Study Groups

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Donor FMT

Patients enrolled in this arm will receive donor FMT

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

donor FMT

Intervention Type BIOLOGICAL

This intervention is represented by the administration, in the recipients' gut, of donor microbiota through FMT

Placebo FMT

Patients enrolled in this arm will receive placebo FMT (that will be made of saline solution)

Group Type PLACEBO_COMPARATOR

Placebo FMT

Intervention Type OTHER

This intervention is represented by the administration, in the recipients' gut, of a placebo through FMT

Interventions

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donor FMT

This intervention is represented by the administration, in the recipients' gut, of donor microbiota through FMT

Intervention Type BIOLOGICAL

Placebo FMT

This intervention is represented by the administration, in the recipients' gut, of a placebo through FMT

Intervention Type OTHER

Eligibility Criteria

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Inclusion Criteria

* Histologically confirmed aRCC
* Metastatic disease (measurable and not-measurable)
* Radiological assessment within 8 wks before enrollment
* Patient eligible to therapy with ICI for aRCC (or started within 8 wks)
* Ability to provide written informed consent
* Ability to be compliant with the scheduled procedures

Exclusion Criteria

* Major comorbidities
* Concomitant GI or autoimmune disorders, or HIV, HBV, HCV infection
* Continuative corticosteroid therapy
* Previous treatment with systemic immune-suppressants or immune-modulatory drugs
* Antibiotic therapy within 4 weeks prior to enrollment

Minimum Eligible Age

18 Years

Maximum Eligible Age

80 Years

Eligible Sex

ALL

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No