Doravirine for Obese Persons on Integrase Inhibitors and Tenofovir Alafenamide

NCT ID: NCT04636437

Last Updated: 2025-07-02

Study Results

Results available

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Basic Information

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Recruitment Status

COMPLETED

Clinical Phase

PHASE4

Total Enrollment

147 participants

Study Classification

INTERVENTIONAL

Study Start Date

2021-07-27

Study Completion Date

2024-10-18

Brief Summary

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The purpose of this study was to determine if people with HIV and obesity taking an antiretroviral treatment regimen containing an integrase strand transfer inhibitor (INSTI) with (tenofovir alafenamide/emtricitabine (TAF/FTC) would either slow their rate of weight gain, or even lose weight, over the span of about 1 year after a switch to a regimen containing doravirine (DOR; a newer, non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor medication) combined with either TAF/TFC or tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF)/FTC.

Detailed Description

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The study evaluated whether a switch from an INSTI to a DOR-based regimen would result in less weight gain or weight loss at 48 weeks among obese individuals with HIV and a suppressed viral load. The study also evaluated whether an additional switch from TAF/FTC to TDF/FTC, both in combination with DOR, had an effect on weight over 48 weeks. Participants enrolled in A5391 were taking INSTI-class medications, including bictegravir (BIC), dolutegravir (DTG), or raltegravir (RAL), all in combination with TAF/FTC. Additionally, the study examined whether a change in the HIV treatment regimen affects other health indicators, including waist circumference, metabolic and cardiovascular disease markers, body composition (fat and lean mass), bone density, and maintenance of virologic suppression. Finally, the study looked at the safety and tolerability of DOR with either TAF/FTC or TDF/FTC.

As originally designed, the trial's target population included individuals with an unintentional \>10% weight gain in the 1-3 years after initiating or switching to an INSTI-based treatment regimen. Due to not meeting accrual targets during the first year of enrollment (July 2021 - July 2022), the trial protocol was updated to amend the target population (and associated eligibility criteria) to individuals with obesity (a screening body mass index \[BMI\] of ≥30 kg/m2) irrespective of weight history on INSTI-based ART. This update was implemented on November 17, 2022, at which time 64 participants had enrolled under the original trial design. The remaining participants enrolled using the revised eligibility criterion.

At a planned interim analysis in 2023, the method of blinded sample size re-estimation was used to assess if the trial's primary objective could be met with a sample size smaller than originally planned (n=222). Based on the pooled (e.g. over all arms) standard deviation of the primary outcome (weight change at 48 weeks), 150 participants would provide over 80% statistical power to detect the originally hypothesized 5% points change in weight between arms, assuming that this interim estimate was representative of the true variability about the primary outcome. As a result, the accrual goal was adjusted accordingly. The trial closed to enrollment in October 2024, having reached 147 participants.

Conditions

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HIV Infections

Study Design

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Allocation Method

RANDOMIZED

Intervention Model

PARALLEL

Primary Study Purpose

TREATMENT

Blinding Strategy

NONE

Study Groups

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DOR 100 mg + TAF/FTC

By mouth daily with or without food

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

Doravirine 100 Mg

Intervention Type DRUG

Participants received a 100 mg tablet by mouth daily with or without food.

Integrase strand transfer inhibitors

Intervention Type DRUG

INSTIs were acquired through the standard of care locally.

DOR 100 mg + TDF/FTC

By mouth daily with or without food

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

Doravirine 100 Mg

Intervention Type DRUG

Participants received a 100 mg tablet by mouth daily with or without food.

tenofovir disproxil fumarate/emtricitabine

Intervention Type DRUG

NRTIs (TDF/FTC) were acquired through the standard of care locally.

Continuation of INSTI+TAF/FTC

By mouth daily with or without food

Group Type ACTIVE_COMPARATOR

Integrase strand transfer inhibitors

Intervention Type DRUG

INSTIs were acquired through the standard of care locally.

Tenofovir alafenamide/emtricitabine

Intervention Type DRUG

NRTIs (TAF/FTC) were acquired through the standard of care locally.

Interventions

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Doravirine 100 Mg

Participants received a 100 mg tablet by mouth daily with or without food.

Intervention Type DRUG

Integrase strand transfer inhibitors

INSTIs were acquired through the standard of care locally.

Intervention Type DRUG

Tenofovir alafenamide/emtricitabine

NRTIs (TAF/FTC) were acquired through the standard of care locally.

Intervention Type DRUG

tenofovir disproxil fumarate/emtricitabine

NRTIs (TDF/FTC) were acquired through the standard of care locally.

Intervention Type DRUG

Other Intervention Names

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DOR INSTI TAF, FTC TDF, FTC

Eligibility Criteria

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Inclusion Criteria

Ability and willingness of participant or legal guardian/representative to provide informed consent.

HIV-1, documented by any licensed rapid HIV test or HIV enzyme or chemiluminescence immunoassay (E/CIA) test kit at any time prior to study entry and confirmed by a licensed Western blot or a second antibody test by a method other than the initial rapid HIV and/or E/CIA, or by HIV-1 antigen, or plasma HIV-1 RNA viral load. If a rapid HIV test or any FDA-approved HIV-1 E/CIA test kit is not available, two HIV-1 RNA values ≥2000 copies/mL at least 24 hours apart may be performed by any US laboratory that has a Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments (CLIA) certification or its equivalent, or by any non-US laboratory that is DAIDS Good Clinical Laboratory Practice (GCLP) compliant and, if performing HIV-1 RNA testing, is Virology Quality Assurance (VQA)-certified.

Currently on a bictegravir (BIC), dolutegravir (DTG), or raltegravir (RAL) + TAF/FTC regimen with ≥48 weeks prior to study entry.

Ability to acquire NRTIs (TAF/FTC or TDF/FTC) and INSTI through usual care for the duration of the study.

A BMI ≥30 kg/m2 at screening. No known plans to change or to initiate medications known to be associated with significant weight changes during study period.

Agree to adhere to assigned ART during the study period At least one HIV-1 RNA level \<50 copies/mL (or below the lower limit of HIV-1 RNA detection available at the site if the lower limit of detection is \>50) performed in the 48 weeks prior (≤48 weeks) to study screening, and at least one HIV-1 RNA level \<50 copies/mL ≥48 weeks prior to study screening, using an FDA-approved assay performed by any US laboratory that has a CLIA certification or its equivalent, or at any network-approved non-US laboratory that is VQA certified.

Screening HIV-1 RNA \<50 copies/mL (or below the lower limit of HIV-1 RNA detection available if the lower limit of detection is \>50) performed within 45 days prior to study entry by any US laboratory that possesses a CLIA certification or its equivalent, or at any network-approved non-US laboratory that is VQA certified.

For participants capable of becoming pregnant, negative serum or urine pregnancy test within 45 days prior to study entry by any US clinic or laboratory that has a CLIA certification or its equivalent, or is using a point of care (POC)/ CLIA-waived test, or at any network-approved non-US laboratory or clinic that operates in accordance with GCLP and participates in appropriate external quality assurance programs.

Participants engaging in sexual activity and capable of becoming pregnant must agree to use contraception while on study drug (approximately 48 weeks) and for 8 weeks after the end of the study. At least one of the following contraceptive methods must be used:

* Intrauterine device (IUD)
* Hormone-based contraceptive
* Partner sterilization (i.e., vasectomy) and is the sole partner for the participant.

Transgender participants who are currently taking hormones must be on a stable hormone dose for \>12 weeks prior to study entry. Transgender participants should not have active plans to change their hormone regimen or dose during the study period.

The following laboratory values obtained within 45 days prior to study entry by any US laboratory that has a CLIA certification or its equivalent, or at any network-approved non-US laboratory that operates in accordance with GCLP and participates in appropriate external quality assurance programs:

* Absolute neutrophil count (ANC) \>750 cells/mm3
* Hemoglobin \>10 g/dL for males and \>9 g/dL for females (based on sex at birth)
* Calculated creatinine clearance ≥50 mL/min as estimated by the CKD-EPI equation (a calculator is available at: https://qxmd.com/calculate/calculator\_251/egfr-using-ckd-epi)
* Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (SGOT) \<3x ULN
* Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) (SGPT) \<3x ULN

Exclusion Criteria

Historical or current evidence of the K65R/E/N or M184V/I mutations (for participants who have undergone HIV-1 genotyping), due to the potential for viral rebound after switch from an INSTI- to NNRTI-based regimen.

Historical or current evidence of major mutations associated with NNRTI resistance.

History of prior virologic failure in the opinion of the site investigator. For example, a confirmed plasma HIV-1 RNA \>1000 copies/mL after having achieved viral suppression.

Prior exposure to single-dose nevirapine for the prevention of parent-to-child transmission of HIV.

Any history of significant renal toxicity while taking TDF (as determined by the site investigator).

Currently breast-feeding or pregnant, or intending to become pregnant during the duration of the study.

Current use, use in the 4 weeks preceding study entry, or anticipated use of prohibited drugs during the study period.

Anticipated start or cessation of any of the following drugs during the study period:

* Antipsychotics (e.g., clozapine, olanzapine, risperidone, etc.) and antidepressants (tricyclic antidepressants, e.g., amitriptyline, nortriptyline, etc.; selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, e.g., fluoxetine, paroxetine, sertraline, etc.; and monoamine oxidase inhibitors, e.g., selegiline) associated with weight gain
* Anticonvulsants/mood stabilizers associated with weight gain (e.g., lithium, valproic acid) or weight loss (e.g., topiramate)
* Thyroid replacement hormones
* Anti-diabetic agents known to cause weight loss (e.g., GLP-1 receptor agonists such as exenatide, dulaglutide, semaglutide, metformin, and SGLT-2 inhibitors such as canagliflozin, dapagliflozin, etc.).

Planning to undergo bariatric surgery or initiate significant dietary or exercise changes within the study period (e.g., structured weight loss programs such as Weight Watchers), as determined by participant report.

Known allergy/sensitivity or any hypersensitivity to components of study drug or its formulation.

Active drug or alcohol use or dependence that, in the opinion of the site investigator, would interfere with ability to adhere to study requirements, or cessation of regular methamphetamine use, as determined by the site investigator, within 60 days prior to study entry.

Acute or serious illness requiring systemic treatment and/or hospitalization within 30 days prior to entry.

A history of a diagnosis of osteoporosis or osteopenia.
Minimum Eligible Age

18 Years

Eligible Sex

ALL

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Sponsors

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National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)

NIH

Sponsor Role collaborator

Advancing Clinical Therapeutics Globally for HIV/AIDS and Other Infections

NETWORK

Sponsor Role lead

Responsible Party

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Responsibility Role SPONSOR

Principal Investigators

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John Koethe

Role: STUDY_CHAIR

Vanderbilt University Medical Center

Locations

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Alabama CRS (31788)

Birmingham, Alabama, United States

Site Status

UCLA CARE Center CRS (601)

Los Angeles, California, United States

Site Status

UCSD Antiviral Research Center CRS (701)

San Diego, California, United States

Site Status

Ucsf Hiv/Aids Crs (801)

San Francisco, California, United States

Site Status

Harbor-UCLA CRS (603)

Torrance, California, United States

Site Status

University of Colorado Hospital CRS (6101)

Aurora, Colorado, United States

Site Status

Whitman-Walker Institute, Inc. CRS (31791)

Washington D.C., District of Columbia, United States

Site Status

The Ponce de Leon Center CRS (5802)

Atlanta, Georgia, United States

Site Status

Northwestern University CRS (2701)

Chicago, Illinois, United States

Site Status

Johns Hopkins University CRS (201)

Baltimore, Maryland, United States

Site Status

Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH) CRS (101)

Boston, Massachusetts, United States

Site Status

Brigham and Women's Hosp. ACTG CRS (107)

Boston, Massachusetts, United States

Site Status

Washington University Therapeutics (WT) CRS (2101)

St Louis, Missouri, United States

Site Status

New Jersey Medical School Clinical Research Center CRS (31786)

Newark, New Jersey, United States

Site Status

Weill Cornell Chelsea CRS (7804)

New York, New York, United States

Site Status

Columbia Physicians and Surgeons (P&S) CRS (30329)

New York, New York, United States

Site Status

Weill Cornell Upton CRS (7803)

New York, New York, United States

Site Status

University of Rochester Adult HIV Therapeutic Strategies Network CRS (31787)

Rochester, New York, United States

Site Status

Chapel Hill CRS (3201)

Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States

Site Status

Greensboro CRS (3203)

Greensboro, North Carolina, United States

Site Status

Cincinnati CRS (2401)

Cincinnati, Ohio, United States

Site Status

Case CRS (2501)

Cleveland, Ohio, United States

Site Status

Ohio State University CRS (2301)

Columbus, Ohio, United States

Site Status

Penn Therapeutics CRS (6201)

Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States

Site Status

Vanderbilt Therapeutics (VT) CRS (3652)

Nashville, Tennessee, United States

Site Status

Houston AIDS Research Team CRS (31473)

Houston, Texas, United States

Site Status

University of Washington Positive Research CRS (1401)

Seattle, Washington, United States

Site Status

Countries

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United States

Provided Documents

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Document Type: Study Protocol and Informed Consent Form

View Document

Document Type: Statistical Analysis Plan

View Document

Related Links

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https://rsc.niaid.nih.gov/clinical-research-sites/daids-adverse-event-grading-tables

Division of AIDS (DAIDS) Table for Grading the Severity of Adult and Pediatric Adverse Events (Corrected Version 2.1 - July 2017)

https://rsc.niaid.nih.gov/clinical-research-sites/manual-expedited-reporting-adverse-events-daids

Manual for Expedited Reporting of Adverse Events to DAIDS (Version 2.0 - January 2010)

Other Identifiers

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UM1AI068636

Identifier Type: NIH

Identifier Source: secondary_id

View Link

ACTG A5391

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id

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