PEARL (PrEnAtal Enzyme Replacement Therapy for Lysosomal Storage Disorders)

NCT ID: NCT04532047

Last Updated: 2025-03-11

Study Results

Results pending

The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.

Basic Information

Get a concise snapshot of the trial, including recruitment status, study phase, enrollment targets, and key timeline milestones.

Recruitment Status

RECRUITING

Clinical Phase

PHASE1

Total Enrollment

10 participants

Study Classification

INTERVENTIONAL

Study Start Date

2021-07-01

Study Completion Date

2032-07-31

Brief Summary

Review the sponsor-provided synopsis that highlights what the study is about and why it is being conducted.

For detailed information, please view our study website: https://pearltrial.ucsf.edu/

The investigators aims to determine the the maternal and fetal safety and feasibility of in utero fetal enzyme replacement therapy in fetuses with Lysosomal Storage Diseases.

Detailed Description

Dive into the extended narrative that explains the scientific background, objectives, and procedures in greater depth.

Because fetuses with these LSDs are at increased risk of serious perinatal morbidity and mortality, particularly in the setting of Non-Immune Hydrops Fetalis (NIHF), the administration of the approved enzyme therapy in utero has the potential to significantly improve outcomes for affected fetuses. The perinatal death rate associated with NIHF ranges from 30 to 75%, so development of an in utero approach to treatment could be of significant benefit. The in utero period has been shown to be a time of relative fetal tolerance to immune stimuli, and this tolerance may lead to improved response to ERT in situations where postnatal initiation instead leads to antibody development and impaired response to treatment. It is also probable that in some cases, initiation of ERT in utero leads to improved neurodevelopmental outcomes if the replaced enzyme impacts the neurologic system during critical periods of development.

This is a phase 1 clinical trial to determine the safety and feasibility of fetal enzyme replacement therapy in fetuses with LSD

Conditions

See the medical conditions and disease areas that this research is targeting or investigating.

MPS I MPS II MPS IVA MPS VI Mps VII Gaucher Disease, Type 2 Gaucher Disease, Type 3 Pompe Disease Infantile-Onset Wolman Disease

Study Design

Understand how the trial is structured, including allocation methods, masking strategies, primary purpose, and other design elements.

Allocation Method

NA

Intervention Model

SINGLE_GROUP

Primary Study Purpose

TREATMENT

Blinding Strategy

NONE

Study Groups

Review each arm or cohort in the study, along with the interventions and objectives associated with them.

Experimental: in utero enzyme replacement therapy

ERT will be delivered in utero. Typically, the target of the procedure to administer in utero ERT will be the umbilical vein near the insertion of the umbilical cord into the placenta. The dose of the ERT will be dependent on the specific disease process and enzyme being replaced, and the estimated weight of the fetus. The dosage will be the same as the recommended weight-based postnatal dosing, adjusted for estimated fetal weight. IUERT will be repeated every 2-4 weeks, which is an interval consistent with the standard of care for IUTs (every 2-4 weeks) to avoid excessive access through the umbilical vein. This interval is also consistent with the half-life of each relevant enzyme.

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

Aldurazyme (laronidase)

Intervention Type DRUG

Enzyme replacement therapy for lysosomal storage diseases

Interventions

Learn about the drugs, procedures, or behavioral strategies being tested and how they are applied within this trial.

Aldurazyme (laronidase)

Enzyme replacement therapy for lysosomal storage diseases

Intervention Type DRUG

Other Intervention Names

Discover alternative or legacy names that may be used to describe the listed interventions across different sources.

Elaprase (idursulfase) Vimizim (elosulfase alfa) Naglazyme (galsulfase) Mepsevii (vestronidase alfa-vjbk) Lumizyme (alglucosidase alfa) Kanuma (sebelipase alfa)

Eligibility Criteria

Check the participation requirements, including inclusion and exclusion rules, age limits, and whether healthy volunteers are accepted.

Inclusion Criteria

* Live male or female fetuses at 18 0/7 weeks to 34 6/7 weeks gestation
* Diagnosis of one of the 8 included LSDs in utero by genetic or enzymatic analyses performed on amniotic fluid, fetal blood, placental tissue, or other samples through chorionic villus sampling (CVS), amniocentesis, cordocentesis, cell free fetal DNA, or other procedures. In the event that parents are identified as genetic carriers for a LSD, diagnostic testing for the fetus would be performed to confirm the diagnosis
* Pregnant women age 18 years to 50 years, carrying a live male or female fetus at 18 0/7 weeks to 34 6/7 weeks gestation
* Identified through the above listed means to be carrying a fetus with an LSD.
* Ability to give written informed consent and comply with the requirements of the study.

Exclusion Criteria

* Fetuses with a concurrent severe structural anomaly
* Fetuses with an additional pathogenic genetic variant not related to the underlying LSD that contribute a significant risk of morbidity or mortality.

Hydrops fetalis will not be an exclusion criterion because ERT has the possibility of significant benefit in this situation.

* Women with one or more significant comorbidities that would preclude fetal intervention including, but not limited to:

1. inability to complete the procedure secondary to maternal body habitus or placental location
2. significant cardiopulmonary disease
3. mirror syndrome
4. end organ failure
5. altered mental status
6. placental abruption
7. active preterm labor
8. preterm premature rupture of membranes.
* Mother will require therapeutic dosing of anticoagulation within 24 hours prior to or following the intervention.
Minimum Eligible Age

18 Years

Maximum Eligible Age

50 Years

Eligible Sex

FEMALE

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Sponsors

Meet the organizations funding or collaborating on the study and learn about their roles.

Duke University

OTHER

Sponsor Role collaborator

University of California, San Francisco

OTHER

Sponsor Role lead

Responsible Party

Identify the individual or organization who holds primary responsibility for the study information submitted to regulators.

Tippi Mackenzie

Professor of Surgery

Responsibility Role PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Principal Investigators

Learn about the lead researchers overseeing the trial and their institutional affiliations.

Tippi MacKenzie, MD

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

University of California, San Francisco

Locations

Explore where the study is taking place and check the recruitment status at each participating site.

University of California

San Francisco, California, United States

Site Status RECRUITING

Countries

Review the countries where the study has at least one active or historical site.

United States

Central Contacts

Reach out to these primary contacts for questions about participation or study logistics.

Tippi MacKenzie, MD

Role: CONTACT

415-476-4086

Emma Canepa, MS, CCRP

Role: CONTACT

415-476-7255

Facility Contacts

Find local site contact details for specific facilities participating in the trial.

Emma Canepa, MS, CCRP

Role: primary

415-476-7255

References

Explore related publications, articles, or registry entries linked to this study.

Nguyen QH, Witt RG, Wang B, Eikani C, Shea J, Smith LK, Boyle G, Cadaoas J, Sper R, MacKenzie JD, Villeda S, MacKenzie TC. Tolerance induction and microglial engraftment after fetal therapy without conditioning in mice with Mucopolysaccharidosis type VII. Sci Transl Med. 2020 Feb 26;12(532):eaay8980. doi: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aay8980.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 32102934 (View on PubMed)

Platt FM, d'Azzo A, Davidson BL, Neufeld EF, Tifft CJ. Author Correction: Lysosomal storage diseases. Nat Rev Dis Primers. 2018 Oct 18;4(1):36. doi: 10.1038/s41572-018-0037-0.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 30337566 (View on PubMed)

Meikle PJ, Hopwood JJ, Clague AE, Carey WF. Prevalence of lysosomal storage disorders. JAMA. 1999 Jan 20;281(3):249-54. doi: 10.1001/jama.281.3.249.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 9918480 (View on PubMed)

Azevedo AC, Schwartz IV, Kalakun L, Brustolin S, Burin MG, Beheregaray AP, Leistner S, Giugliani C, Rosa M, Barrios P, Marinho D, Esteves P, Valadares E, Boy R, Horovitz D, Mabe P, da Silva LC, de Souza IC, Ribeiro M, Martins AM, Palhares D, Kim CA, Giugliani R. Clinical and biochemical study of 28 patients with mucopolysaccharidosis type VI. Clin Genet. 2004 Sep;66(3):208-13. doi: 10.1111/j.1399-0004.2004.00277.x.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 15324318 (View on PubMed)

Rosenbloom BE, Weinreb NJ. Gaucher disease: a comprehensive review. Crit Rev Oncog. 2013;18(3):163-75. doi: 10.1615/critrevoncog.2013006060.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 23510062 (View on PubMed)

Chien YH, Lee NC, Thurberg BL, Chiang SC, Zhang XK, Keutzer J, Huang AC, Wu MH, Huang PH, Tsai FJ, Chen YT, Hwu WL. Pompe disease in infants: improving the prognosis by newborn screening and early treatment. Pediatrics. 2009 Dec;124(6):e1116-25. doi: 10.1542/peds.2008-3667.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 19948615 (View on PubMed)

Blitz MJ, Rochelson B, Sood M, Bialer MG, Vohra N. Prenatal sonographic findings in a case of Wolman's disease. J Clin Ultrasound. 2018 Jan;46(1):66-68. doi: 10.1002/jcu.22481. Epub 2017 Apr 4.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 28374935 (View on PubMed)

Tsai AC, Hung YW, Harding C, Koeller DM, Wang J, Wong LC. Next generation deep sequencing corrects diagnostic pitfalls of traditional molecular approach in a patient with prenatal onset of Pompe disease. Am J Med Genet A. 2017 Sep;173(9):2500-2504. doi: 10.1002/ajmg.a.38333. Epub 2017 Jun 28.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 28657663 (View on PubMed)

Banugaria SG, Prater SN, Ng YK, Kobori JA, Finkel RS, Ladda RL, Chen YT, Rosenberg AS, Kishnani PS. The impact of antibodies on clinical outcomes in diseases treated with therapeutic protein: lessons learned from infantile Pompe disease. Genet Med. 2011 Aug;13(8):729-36. doi: 10.1097/GIM.0b013e3182174703.

Reference Type BACKGROUND
PMID: 21637107 (View on PubMed)

Borges B, Canepa E, Chang IJ, Herzeg A, Lianoglou B, Kishnani PS, Harmatz P, MacKenzie TC, Cohen JL. Prenatal Delivery of Enzyme Replacement Therapy to Fetuses Affected by Early-Onset Lysosomal Storage Diseases. Am J Med Genet C Semin Med Genet. 2025 Jan 31:e32132. doi: 10.1002/ajmg.c.32132. Online ahead of print.

Reference Type DERIVED
PMID: 39891377 (View on PubMed)

Herzeg A, Borges B, Lianoglou BR, Gonzalez-Velez J, Canepa E, Munar D, Young SP, Bali D, Gelb MH, Chakraborty P, Kishnani PS, Harmatz P, Cohen JL, MacKenzie TC. Intrauterine enzyme replacement therapies for lysosomal storage disorders: Current developments and promising future prospects. Prenat Diagn. 2023 Dec;43(13):1638-1649. doi: 10.1002/pd.6460. Epub 2023 Nov 13.

Reference Type DERIVED
PMID: 37955580 (View on PubMed)

Other Identifiers

Review additional registry numbers or institutional identifiers associated with this trial.

20-31520

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id

More Related Trials

Additional clinical trials that may be relevant based on similarity analysis.

Evaluation of PKU Sphere
NCT03419819 COMPLETED NA