Two Different Physiotherapy Programs in Lymphedema Following Head and Neck Cancer Treatment
NCT ID: NCT04286698
Last Updated: 2020-02-27
Study Results
The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.
Basic Information
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COMPLETED
NA
21 participants
INTERVENTIONAL
2018-03-05
2019-03-15
Brief Summary
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Detailed Description
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A recognition of HNL has been growing in recent years, but HNL is still much less recognized than upper and lower limb lymphedema and is easily ignored by both patients and health care providers. Therefore, in many cases, the diagnosis and treatment of HNL may be delayed, or patients cannot access treatment. In routine practice, after HNC, the self-absorption of HNL is generally expected. Clinical experiences have confirmed that HNL develops 2-6 months after cancer treatment and regresses in some patients over time.
A variety of physiotherapy approaches have been shown to prevent and minimize physical, functional, emotional, and social disorders resulting from HNL. However, complex decongestive physiotherapy (CDP) is considered a gold standard treatment method for lymphedema. This method consists of manual lymph drainage (MLD), skin care, compression therapy, and therapeutic exercises. Although there are many studies about the effects of CDP on upper and lower limbs, there is only a limited number of studies about HNL and CDP in the literature.
Conditions
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Study Design
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RANDOMIZED
CROSSOVER
TREATMENT
NONE
Study Groups
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Complex decongestive physiotherapy program group
Manuel lymph drainage, compression mask, exercises and skin care
Complex decongestive physiotherapy
MLD was administered 5 days a week for 4 weeks, with each session lasting 30 minutes \[25\]. Compression therapy was applied to the patients by wearing a compression mask (FM Velcro Fastener, LIPOELASTIC), made of polyamide, cotton, viscose, and elastane, that covered the submandibular region, the masseter region, and the neck. The compression mask is specifically designed for the healing and recovery of tissues after plastic and aesthetic surgeries. The patients were advised to wear the compression masks for at least 4-6 hours per day for 4 weeks and gradually increase wearing time according to their tolerance. The patients were asked to perform skin care by themselves. Skin care was applied using a low pH skin lotion to moisturize the skin. Neck, face/mimic, tongue, and posture exercises were performed by patients while the compression mask was worn and under the supervision of a physiotherapist, with 10 repetitions 5 times a week for 4 weeks.
Home program group
Self-manuel lymph drainage and home exercises
Home program
Self-MLD and exercises (neck, face/mimic, tongue, and posture exercises) were shown to the patients in this group. Self-MLD included self-administered lymph drainage of the axillary, posterior, lateral, and anterior neck areas; the pre- and retro-auricular regions; the lateral and anterior regions of the face; and the lower jaw region. Then the order is reversed back to the starting point \[3\]. A video of self-MLD and a text including exercise descriptions were shared with patients and their relatives to ensure that the self-MLD and exercises were performed accurately and regularly at home. Self-MLD was recommended to be applied once a day, and the exercises were advised to be performed for 10 repetitions each, 10 times a day for 4 weeks. The patients were called by phone during the second week after their first evaluation as a control and to motivate the patient for performing self-MLD and home exercises properly.
Control group
No intervention
No interventions assigned to this group
Interventions
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Complex decongestive physiotherapy
MLD was administered 5 days a week for 4 weeks, with each session lasting 30 minutes \[25\]. Compression therapy was applied to the patients by wearing a compression mask (FM Velcro Fastener, LIPOELASTIC), made of polyamide, cotton, viscose, and elastane, that covered the submandibular region, the masseter region, and the neck. The compression mask is specifically designed for the healing and recovery of tissues after plastic and aesthetic surgeries. The patients were advised to wear the compression masks for at least 4-6 hours per day for 4 weeks and gradually increase wearing time according to their tolerance. The patients were asked to perform skin care by themselves. Skin care was applied using a low pH skin lotion to moisturize the skin. Neck, face/mimic, tongue, and posture exercises were performed by patients while the compression mask was worn and under the supervision of a physiotherapist, with 10 repetitions 5 times a week for 4 weeks.
Home program
Self-MLD and exercises (neck, face/mimic, tongue, and posture exercises) were shown to the patients in this group. Self-MLD included self-administered lymph drainage of the axillary, posterior, lateral, and anterior neck areas; the pre- and retro-auricular regions; the lateral and anterior regions of the face; and the lower jaw region. Then the order is reversed back to the starting point \[3\]. A video of self-MLD and a text including exercise descriptions were shared with patients and their relatives to ensure that the self-MLD and exercises were performed accurately and regularly at home. Self-MLD was recommended to be applied once a day, and the exercises were advised to be performed for 10 repetitions each, 10 times a day for 4 weeks. The patients were called by phone during the second week after their first evaluation as a control and to motivate the patient for performing self-MLD and home exercises properly.
Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria
* had unilateral/bilateral neck dissection
* had received radiotherapy and/or chemotherapy
* elapsed time of 3 or more months since cancer treatments
* had secondary HNL
Exclusion Criteria
* receiving/having received treatment to regulate the lymph flow
* having the diagnosis of neurological, orthopedic, or rheumatologic diseases that may cause circulation and movement in the head and neck region.
22 Years
73 Years
ALL
No
Sponsors
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Gazi University
OTHER
Izmir Bakircay University
OTHER
Responsible Party
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Kadirhan Ozdemir, PT, PhD.
Head of Geriatric Rehabilitation Department
Locations
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Kadirhan Ozdemir
Ankara, , Turkey (Türkiye)
Countries
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References
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Smith BG, Hutcheson KA, Little LG, Skoracki RJ, Rosenthal DI, Lai SY, Lewin JS. Lymphedema outcomes in patients with head and neck cancer. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2015 Feb;152(2):284-291. doi: 10.1177/0194599814558402. Epub 2014 Nov 11.
Deng J, Ridner SH, Dietrich MS, Wells N, Wallston KA, Sinard RJ, Cmelak AJ, Murphy BA. Prevalence of secondary lymphedema in patients with head and neck cancer. J Pain Symptom Manage. 2012 Feb;43(2):244-52. doi: 10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2011.03.019. Epub 2011 Jul 30.
Ridner SH. Pathophysiology of lymphedema. Semin Oncol Nurs. 2013 Feb;29(1):4-11. doi: 10.1016/j.soncn.2012.11.002.
Deng J, Ridner SH, Murphy BA. Lymphedema in patients with head and neck cancer. Oncol Nurs Forum. 2011 Jan;38(1):E1-E10. doi: 10.1188/11.ONF.E1-E10.
Della Justina, L.B. and M. Dias, Head and neck lymphedema: what is the physical therapy approach? A literature review. Fisioterapia em Movimento, 2016. 29(2): p. 411-419.
Smile TD, Tendulkar R, Schwarz G, Arthur D, Grobmyer S, Valente S, Vicini F, Shah C. A Review of Treatment for Breast Cancer-Related Lymphedema: Paradigms for Clinical Practice. Am J Clin Oncol. 2018 Feb;41(2):178-190. doi: 10.1097/COC.0000000000000355.
Watanabe Y, Koshiyama M, Seki K, Nakagawa M, Ikuta E, Oowaki M, Sakamoto SI. Development and Themes of Diagnostic and Treatment Procedures for Secondary Leg Lymphedema in Patients with Gynecologic Cancers. Healthcare (Basel). 2019 Aug 27;7(3):101. doi: 10.3390/healthcare7030101.
Crane P, Feinberg L, Morris J. A multimodal physical therapy approach to the management of a patient with temporomandibular dysfunction and head and neck lymphedema: a case report. J Man Manip Ther. 2015 Feb;23(1):37-42. doi: 10.1179/2042618612Y.0000000021.
Piso DU, Eckardt A, Liebermann A, Gutenbrunner C, Schafer P, Gehrke A. Early rehabilitation of head-neck edema after curative surgery for orofacial tumors. Am J Phys Med Rehabil. 2001 Apr;80(4):261-9. doi: 10.1097/00002060-200104000-00006.
Doke KN, Bowman L, Shnayder Y, Shen X, TenNapel M, Thomas SM, Neupane P, Yeh HW, Lominska CE. Quantitative clinical outcomes of therapy for head and neck lymphedema. Adv Radiat Oncol. 2018 Apr 27;3(3):366-371. doi: 10.1016/j.adro.2018.04.007. eCollection 2018 Jul-Sep.
Ozdemir K, Keser I, Duzlu M, Erpolat OP, Saranli U, Tutar H. The Effects of Clinical and Home-based Physiotherapy Programs in Secondary Head and Neck Lymphedema. Laryngoscope. 2021 May;131(5):E1550-E1557. doi: 10.1002/lary.29205. Epub 2020 Oct 28.
Other Identifiers
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2018-112
Identifier Type: -
Identifier Source: org_study_id
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