A Noval Tau Tracer in Young Onset Dementia

NCT ID: NCT04248270

Last Updated: 2020-01-30

Basic Information

• Recruitment Status: UNKNOWN
• Clinical Phase: PHASE1/PHASE2
• Total Enrollment: 100 participants
• Study Classification: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Start Date: 2020-02-20
• Study Completion Date: 2023-11-30

Brief Summary

Dementia is a clinical syndrome which characterized by progressive cognitive impairment, behavior disturbance and dysfunction of daily activity. In aging population, Alzheimer's dementia (AD) is the most common late onset dementia which occupied about 50-75%, the vascular dementia, frontotemporal lobardegeneration (FTLD) and corticobasal syndrome is followed. On the other hand, the young onset dementia (YOD), which represents the onset of dementia before65 years old, is only about 1/10 to 1/100 proportion of late onset dementia. The YOD is different from late onset dementia in the proportion of degenerative subtype (e.g. the FTLD is more frequent than AD). Besides, frequent atypical presentation of clinical syndrome in the YOD which characterize the different variant of AD made the early accurate diagnosis of AD is more difficult. Currently, there is no available data to describe the proportion of subtype in YOD in Taiwan. In AD dementia, two important biomarkers are amylod plaque made by ß-amyloid protein and neurofibrillary tangle made by phosphorylation tau protein. In the past, they only can be seen under the microscope findings at autopsy study. Recently, the new amyloid tracer and tau tracer had been developed and could evaluate the deposition of amyloid and tau protein in human brain. These progresses had substantially improved the accurate diagnosis of degenerative dementia. A noval tau tracer [ 18F]PM-PBB3, which had substantially improved the off-target binding and more clear background in human brain than previous tau tracer. In current project, investigator will aim to consecutive collect 50 YOD due to the neurodegeneration in 3 years using the NIA-AA research framework system(ATN system) to achieve accurate diagnosis of the dementia subtype by the detail clinical neurology study, neuropsychological examination, amyloid positron emission tomography (PET) and tau PET study. In the first year, investigator will perform feasibility study to explore the topographical tau distribution in different subtype of YOD. In the next 2 years, investigator will perform a large scale study in a group of YOD to understand the amyloid and tau deposition and their association with clinical parameters. From current project, investigator could understand the tau deposition in different YOD subtype. Investigator also could understand the correlation between clinical phenotype and molecular pathology. Investigator will use a mathematic model to construct the model of diffusion kurtosis imaging from brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and relate the white matter integrity with amyloid and tau PET imaging.

Conditions

Alzheimer's Disease; Vascular Dementia; Dementia

Study Design

• Allocation Method: NA
• Intervention Model: SINGLE_GROUP
• Primary Study Purpose: DIAGNOSTIC
• Blinding Strategy: NONE

Study Groups

The relationship between image and AD disease

To evaluate the relationship between F-18-PMPBB3 PET image uptake pattern and AD disease classifications.

Group Type: OTHER

18F-PM-PBB3

Intervention Type: DRUG

All scans will be acquired in pairs of 18F-florbetapir(18F-AV45) and/or18F-PM-PBB3 PET scans (if patient select), performed on separate days, and at least 2 days apart, with either scan performed first. The 18F-florbetapir and 18F-PM-PBB3 protocol will entail the inon of 5±2mCi of tracer followed by an uptake phase of 50 min during which time the state of the subject is not important. After 40 minutes, subjects will be positioned and 4 x 5 min frames of emission data will be collected right at 50 min after tracer injection. PET/MRI scans will precede this acquisition with a MRI scan for attenuation correction; PET-only scanners will perform a transmission scan following the emission scan.

Interventions

18F-PM-PBB3

All scans will be acquired in pairs of 18F-florbetapir(18F-AV45) and/or18F-PM-PBB3 PET scans (if patient select), performed on separate days, and at least 2 days apart, with either scan performed first. The 18F-florbetapir and 18F-PM-PBB3 protocol will entail the inon of 5±2mCi of tracer followed by an uptake phase of 50 min during which time the state of the subject is not important. After 40 minutes, subjects will be positioned and 4 x 5 min frames of emission data will be collected right at 50 min after tracer injection. PET/MRI scans will precede this acquisition with a MRI scan for attenuation correction; PET-only scanners will perform a transmission scan following the emission scan.

Intervention Type: DRUG

Eligibility Criteria

Inclusion Criteria

Age between 20-75 years old.

YOD is defined by the dementia onset before age 65 years old. The dementia syndrome is based on the NIA-AA criteria of all-cause of dementia . Briefly it required:

1. Interfere with the ability to function at work or at usual activities.

2. Represent a decline from previous levels of functioning and performing.

3. Cognitive impairment is detected and diagnosed through a combination of a). history-taking form the patient and a knowledgeable informant b). an objective cognitive assessment, either a 'bedside' mental status examination or neuropsychological testing.

4. The cognitive or behavioral impairment involves a minimum of two of the below domains: impaired ability to acquire and remember new information, impaired reasoning and handling of complex tasks poor judgment, impaired visuospatial abilities, impaired language functions, changes in personality, behavior or comportment symptoms.

Exclusion Criteria

1. Implantation of metal devices including cardiac pacemaker, intravascular metal devices.

2. Major systemic diseases including coronary arterial disease, heart failure, uremia, hepatic failure, prominent strokes, acute myocardial infarction, poorly controlled diabetes, previous severe head injury, intracranial operation, hypoxia, sepsis or severe infectious diseases.

3. Major psychiatric disorders, drug or alcohol abuse and major depression

4. Pregnant women or breast- feeding women.

5. Patients in whom MRI was contraindicated or patient had claustrophobia.

6. History of severe allergic or anaphylactic reactions particularly to the tested drugs.

7. History of positive test for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).

8. Indication of impaired liver function as shown by an abnormal liver function profile at screening (eg. repeated values of aspartate aminotransferase [AST] and alanine aminotransferase [ALT] ≧ 3X the upper limit of normal values).

• Minimum Eligible Age: 20 Years
• Maximum Eligible Age: 75 Years
• Eligible Sex: ALL
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No

Sponsors

Chang Gung Memorial Hospital

OTHER

Sponsor Role: lead

Responsible Party

Hsu, Jung-Lung, MD

Associate Professor

Responsibility Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Other Identifiers

201802151A0

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id