Effectiveness of Picture Exchange Communication System on Gingival Health of Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders

Study Results

Results pending

The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.

Basic Information

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Recruitment Status

COMPLETED

Clinical Phase

NA

Total Enrollment

37 participants

Study Classification

INTERVENTIONAL

Study Start Date

2011-04-30

Study Completion Date

2011-10-31

Brief Summary

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The Picture Exchange Communication System (PECS) is a communication system for children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). The aim of this study was to assess the effect of a PECS-based tooth-brushing program on gingival health in children with ASD and assess parents' perception of PECS. This was a prospective interventional study. Using PECS as a pictures/cards series showing a structured tooth-brushing method, 37 children with ASD (31 males, 6 females) (average age 9.49±4.10, 4-16 years) and their parents/caregivers were trained on tooth-brushing twice, two weeks apart. Data collected after examinations (baseline, 3, 6-months) included gingival and plaque indices (GI, PI) and two questionnaires (baseline, 6-months) for demographic data and parents' perception of PECS including: difficulty rating (easy, hard, very hard) and PECS usefulness.

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Detailed Description

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The need for improved oral hygiene routines in individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) has been documented in many reports. The Picture Exchange Communication System (PECS), which is a series of pictures that show a structured method and technique for teeth brushing, was chosen for this study since it is a proven communication system for children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD).

The aim of the study was to assess the effect of a PECS-based tooth-brushing program on gingival health in children with ASD and assess parents' perception of PECS.

This was a prospective interventional study. Using PECS as a pictures/cards series showing a structured tooth-brushing method, 37 children with ASD (31 males, 6 females) (average age 9.49±4.10, 4-16 years) and their parents/caregivers were trained on tooth-brushing twice, two weeks apart. The pictures were placed in the bathroom, at home and/or at the autism center. Data collected after examinations (baseline, 3, 6-months) included gingival and plaque indices (GI, PI) and two questionnaires (baseline, 6-months) for demographic data and parents' perception of PECS including: difficulty rating (easy, hard, very hard) and whether they found PECS useful in teaching their children how to brush their teeth (yes or no).

Conditions

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Autism Spectrum Disorder

Study Design

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Allocation Method

NA

Intervention Model

SINGLE_GROUP

Children with ASD ages 4-16 years

Primary Study Purpose

SUPPORTIVE_CARE

Blinding Strategy

NONE

Study Groups

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Study subjects

Children with ASD and their parents/caregivers were trained on tooth-brushing twice, two weeks apart using Picture Exchange Communication System (PECS) PECS as a pictures/cards series showing a structured tooth-brushing method.

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

Picture Exchange Communication System (PECS)

Intervention Type BEHAVIORAL

A communication system frequently used with non-verbal children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) that uses a series of pictures that describe how a certain activity is done, in our case showing a structured method and technique for teeth brushing.

Interventions

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Picture Exchange Communication System (PECS)

A communication system frequently used with non-verbal children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) that uses a series of pictures that describe how a certain activity is done, in our case showing a structured method and technique for teeth brushing.

Intervention Type BEHAVIORAL