Utility of a Novel Dd-cfDNA Test to Detect Injury in Renal Post-Transplant Patients

Study Results

Results pending

The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.

Basic Information

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Recruitment Status

COMPLETED

Clinical Phase

NA

Total Enrollment

175 participants

Study Classification

INTERVENTIONAL

Study Start Date

2018-11-05

Study Completion Date

2019-01-07

Brief Summary

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Detecting allograft injury and rejection is critical to preventing graft loss. The current standard of care (SoC) relies on serum creatinine (SC) and biopsy to monitor for and identify kidney injury earlier. SC has poor specificity and sensitivity and response to rejection is often delayed. Protocol biopsy is more accurate but involves the risk of complications. A more definitive, less invasive method for monitoring injury and early rejection is needed.

We report on the clinical utility of donor-derived cell-free DNA (dd-cfDNA) in transplant recipients' blood, measured using a novel SNP-based mmPCR NGS methodology, to diagnose allograft injury/rejection. In this study, investigators will measure how use of dd-cfDNA changes clinical practice.

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Detailed Description

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Five-year kidney allograft survival rates are estimated to be as low as 71.6%. A leading cause for the high prevalence of graft loss is the delay in detecting allograft injury from active rejection, when early diagnosis and intervention presents the greatest chance of preserving kidney function. Despite the frequent testing called for by care protocols, low levels of injury can go undetected due to the low specificity and sensitivity of current, standard testing methods: checking creatinine and immunosuppressive drug levels. More definitive graft biopsies are an option, but they are invasive, expensive and can even put the patient at risk for graft loss and other complications, making it undesirable as a frequent monitoring test.

Donor-derived cell-free DNA (dd-cfDNA) detected in the blood of transplant recipients has been shown to be a non-invasive diagnostic marker for allograft injury/rejection. Natera, Inc. has recently developed a novel single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)-based mmPCR NGS methodology to measure dd-cfDNA in kidney transplant recipients for the detection of allograft injury and rejection. As a growing leader in the diagnostic space, Natera has commissioned a randomized controlled trial to determine the clinical utility of its dd-cfDNA detection methodology for practicing nephrologists treating kidney allograft patients. This study is expected to fill a gap in the evidence base on the clinical utility of dd-cfDNA testing for allograft rejection.

The study is a pre-post, two round controlled trial of care practices in a nationally representative sample of practicing nephrologists randomly assigned to a control or an intervention arm. All participants will be asked to propose care for a total of 6 CPV simulated patients who are adults aged 30-75; three or more months post-transplant; and presenting with signs, symptoms and laboratory findings suggestive of allograft rejection. Each assessment round will consist of 3 simulated patients. In between assessment rounds, participants randomized into the intervention arm will receive educational materials on the new allograft rejection test.

Investigators will assess whether practicing nephrologists more effectively identify and manage patients with possible kidney allograft rejection when given access to Natera's novel SNP-based mmPCR-NGS test that measures dd-cfDNA, and, whether those behavioral changes improves patient management and optimizes resource utilization.

Conditions

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Transplant;Failure,Kidney

Study Design

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Allocation Method

RANDOMIZED

Intervention Model

PARALLEL

The study is a pre-post, two round controlled trial of care practices in a nationally representative sample of practicing nephrologists randomly assigned to a control or an intervention arm. All providers will be asked to propose care for a total of 6 CPV simulated patients who are adults aged 30-75; three or more months post-transplant; and presenting with signs, symptoms and laboratory findings suggestive of allograft rejection. Each assessment round will consist of 3 simulated patients. In between assessment rounds, physicians randomized into the intervention arm will receive educational materials on the new allograft rejection test.

Primary Study Purpose

OTHER

Blinding Strategy

NONE

Study Groups

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Control

Control participants will care for the same set of CPV patients as the intervention arm, but will not have knowledge of or access to Natera's dd-cfDNA test results. Investigators will compare control participants' clinical recommendations to those in the intervention arm.

Group Type ACTIVE_COMPARATOR

Clinical Performance and Value Vignettes

Intervention Type OTHER

Online renal allograft simulated patients

Intervention

Intervention participants will care for the same set of CPV patients as the control arm, but will be educated on and given access to Natera's dd-cfDNA test results. Investigators will compare intervention participants' clinical recommendations to those in the control arm.

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

Natera KidneyScan

Intervention Type DIAGNOSTIC_TEST

Online educational materials on Natera Kidneyscan (dd-cfDNA) and sample test results for simulated patients

Clinical Performance and Value Vignettes

Intervention Type OTHER

Online renal allograft simulated patients

Interventions

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Natera KidneyScan

Online educational materials on Natera Kidneyscan (dd-cfDNA) and sample test results for simulated patients

Intervention Type DIAGNOSTIC_TEST

Clinical Performance and Value Vignettes

Online renal allograft simulated patients

Intervention Type OTHER

Other Intervention Names

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CPVs

Eligibility Criteria

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Inclusion Criteria

* A minimum of 2 years post-residency but no more than 40 years in practice
* Board-certified in internal medicine
* Completion of a nephrology fellowship
* In a private solo or multi-group practice
* Minimum threshold of 5 post-kidney transplant (KT) patients currently seen monthly
* Informed, signed and voluntarily consented to be in the study

Exclusion Criteria

* Not board certified in internal medicine
* Have practiced as a board-certified physician for less than 2 or greater than 40 years
* See \<5 post-transplant patients monthly
* Non-English speaking
* Unable to access the internet

Eligible Sex

ALL

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes