Dexmedetomidine for Prolonged Sedation in PICUs

NCT ID: NCT03760978

Last Updated: 2019-01-23

Study Results

Results pending

The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.

Basic Information

Get a concise snapshot of the trial, including recruitment status, study phase, enrollment targets, and key timeline milestones.

Recruitment Status

COMPLETED

Total Enrollment

163 participants

Study Classification

OBSERVATIONAL

Study Start Date

2016-01-01

Study Completion Date

2018-12-31

Brief Summary

Review the sponsor-provided synopsis that highlights what the study is about and why it is being conducted.

Sedation management of the critically ill patients is still a challenge for the pediatric intensivists. Worldwide the most common sedation approach includes the concomitant use of opioids and benzodiazepines. The use of these drugs is associated with adverse events contributing with morbidity, such as decreased spontaneous ventilation, withdrawal syndrome and delirium onset. Moreover, benzodiazepine demonstrated a neurotoxic apoptotic effect that could potentially impact neurocognitive outcome.

Dexmedetomidine (DEX) is a selective alpha-2-adrenergic agonist with sedative, analgesic and anxiolytic effects. Its unique pharmacological profile allows reaching a conscious sedation state with minimal respiratory depression, promoting faster ventilation weaning and better collaboration with the medical staff. Moreover, DEX seems to present adjuvant properties towards withdrawal syndrome and delirium. Finally, some studies in animals suggested that Dexmedetomidine might have a role of neuro-protection, especially in a contest of cerebral ischemia.

Currently, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the European Medicines Agency (EMA) approved DEX only for the adult population and for sedation lasting not more than 24 hours. The Italian Medicines Agency (AIFA), in January 2016, approve DEX in children for specific indications including difficult sedation in mechanically ventilated critically ill patients. Up to now, few data are still available regarding its efficacy and safety for prolonged sedation in Pediatric Intensive Care Units (PICUs) and no studies have reported the use of DEX after AIFA's approval so far.

Aims of the study are:

to evaluate the characteristics of DEX use for prolonged sedation ≥24 hours in critically ill children (indication, dosages, time of infusion, time of infusion weaning, association with other drugs); to evaluate its efficacy in terms of comfort and conventional drug sparing, using standardized and validate measures; further, to evaluate its efficacy in terms of reduction of incidence of withdrawal syndrome and delirium; to evaluate its safety profile collecting any adverse event potentially correlated with its administration; to define if efficacy and safety could differ among approved indications versus not-approved ones.

Design: Multicenter observational prospective study, involving tertiary-care PICUs.

Study period: From January 2016 up to reaching of the calculated sample size (N patients =163).

Population: All critically ill patients \<18 years who received prolonged sedation including DEX for ≥24 hours. In case of multiple infusions, only data regarding the first infusion will be included. Exclusion criteria: extreme prematurity (\<28 weeks of gestational age), hypersensitivity to the active substance, incomplete data form. .

Collecting data strategy: Data will be prospectively collected from each Institution by means of a anonymous standardized form completed by two different investigators per center. For each patient, the following variables will be collected:

demographics characteristics (age, gender, race, weight) and clinical features (main diagnosis, associated morbidities, PIM3 score ad admission, number of high intensity interventions during PICU-stay, mechanical ventilation features, inotropic drugs use, length of stay, survival at discharge); DEX administration characteristics (indication, loading dose, minimum and maximum dosages, duration of DEX infusion, duration of DEX infusion weaning) and information on concomitant use of analgesics or sedative drugs (name of drugs and respective dosages at DEX starting time and 24 hours later); clinical scores of analgesia and sedation (Comfort Behavior Scale, CBS), withdrawal syndrome (Withdrawal Assessment Toll-1, WAT-1) and delirium (Cornell Assessment of Pediatric Delirium, CAPD) depending on the respective indication, registered immediate pre-DEX and 24 hours later; any adverse event potentially related to DEX administration and any related intervention, if present. In particular, we the investigators evaluate if bradycardia, hypotension (with or without poor perfusion), hypertension, agitations or other events are registered during the infusion. Further, investigators will register if any sign of DEX withdrawal (tachycardia, hypertension, agitation, other) are present immediately after the infusion.

Statistical analysis: Descriptive and analytic statistics will be performed according with the variable characteristics. A causal multivariate model will be developed to identify any significant risk or protective factors towards adverse outcomes (ineffective sedation, onset of adverse events).

Detailed Description

Dive into the extended narrative that explains the scientific background, objectives, and procedures in greater depth.

Conditions

See the medical conditions and disease areas that this research is targeting or investigating.

Prolonged Sedation

Study Design

Understand how the trial is structured, including allocation methods, masking strategies, primary purpose, and other design elements.

Observational Model Type

COHORT

Study Time Perspective

PROSPECTIVE

Study Groups

Review each arm or cohort in the study, along with the interventions and objectives associated with them.

dex group

Critically ill patients \<18 year-old receiving prolonged sedation with endovenous dexmedetomidine (dosage 0.2 mcg/Kg/hour to 1.8 mcg/Kg/hour) more than 24 hours

Dexmedetomidine

Intervention Type DRUG

Interventions

Learn about the drugs, procedures, or behavioral strategies being tested and how they are applied within this trial.

Dexmedetomidine

Intervention Type DRUG

Other Intervention Names

Discover alternative or legacy names that may be used to describe the listed interventions across different sources.

dexdor precedex

Eligibility Criteria

Check the participation requirements, including inclusion and exclusion rules, age limits, and whether healthy volunteers are accepted.

Inclusion Criteria

* age \<18 years
* admission to PICU
* sedation with dexmedetomidine lasted more than 24 hours
* written informed consent

Exclusion Criteria

* extreme prematurity (\<28 weeks of gestational age)
* hypersensitivity to the active substance
* incomplete data regarding outcome measures
Maximum Eligible Age

18 Years

Eligible Sex

ALL

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Sponsors

Meet the organizations funding or collaborating on the study and learn about their roles.

IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna

OTHER

Sponsor Role collaborator

Azienda Ospedaliera di Padova

OTHER

Sponsor Role lead

Responsible Party

Identify the individual or organization who holds primary responsibility for the study information submitted to regulators.

angela amigoni

Principal Investigator

Responsibility Role PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Principal Investigators

Learn about the lead researchers overseeing the trial and their institutional affiliations.

angela amigoni, MD

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Azienda Ospedaliera di Padova

Locations

Explore where the study is taking place and check the recruitment status at each participating site.

Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Children's Hospital C.Arrigo, Alessandria, Italy

Alessandria, , Italy

Site Status

Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, ASST John XXIII Pope Hospital, Bergamo, Italy

Bergamo, , Italy

Site Status

Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, S.Orsola Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Italy

Bologna, , Italy

Site Status

Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Children's Hospital V.Buzzi, Milan, Italy

Milan, , Italy

Site Status

Pediatric and Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Maggiore della Carità Hospital, Novara, Italy

Novara, , Italy

Site Status

Terapia Intensiva Pediatrica Azienda Ospedaliera di Padova

Padua, , Italy

Site Status

Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy

Roma, , Italy

Site Status

Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, A.Gemelli Hospital, Sacro Cuore Catholic University, Rome Italy

Rome, , Italy

Site Status

Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Burlo Garofalo Hospital, University of Trieste, Italy

Trieste, , Italy

Site Status

Countries

Review the countries where the study has at least one active or historical site.

Italy

References

Explore related publications, articles, or registry entries linked to this study.

Mondardini MC, Astuto M, Amigoni A. Inclusion of dexmedetomidine for pediatric indications in the list of medicinal products issued by the National Law 648/96. Minerva Anestesiol. 2017 Aug;83(8):891-892. doi: 10.23736/S0375-9393.17.11975-9. Epub 2017 Mar 3. No abstract available.

Reference Type RESULT
PMID: 28256816 (View on PubMed)

Romagnoli S, Amigoni A, Blangetti I, Casella G, Chelazzi C, Forfori F, Garisto C, Mondardini MC, Moltrasio M, Pasero D, Principi T, Ricci Z, Tarantino F, Conti G. Light sedation with dexmedetomidine: a practical approach for the intensivist in different ICU patients. Minerva Anestesiol. 2018 Jun;84(6):731-746. doi: 10.23736/S0375-9393.18.12350-9. Epub 2018 Feb 5.

Reference Type RESULT
PMID: 29405671 (View on PubMed)

Sperotto F, Mondardini MC, Vitale F, Daverio M, Campagnano E, Ferrero F, Rossetti E, Vasile B, Dusio MP, Ferrario S, Savron F, Brugnaro L, Amigoni A; Pediatric Neurological Protection and Drugs (PeNPAD) Study Group. Prolonged sedation in critically ill children: is dexmedetomidine a safe option for younger age? An off-label experience. Minerva Anestesiol. 2019 Feb;85(2):164-172. doi: 10.23736/S0375-9393.18.13062-8. Epub 2018 Oct 30.

Reference Type RESULT
PMID: 30394067 (View on PubMed)

Grant MJ, Schneider JB, Asaro LA, Dodson BL, Hall BA, Simone SL, Cowl AS, Munkwitz MM, Wypij D, Curley MA; Randomized Evaluation of Sedation Titration for Respiratory Failure Study Investigators. Dexmedetomidine Use in Critically Ill Children With Acute Respiratory Failure. Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2016 Dec;17(12):1131-1141. doi: 10.1097/PCC.0000000000000941.

Reference Type RESULT
PMID: 27654816 (View on PubMed)

Tabacco B, Tacconi C, Amigoni A. Survey on monitoring analgesia and sedation in the Italian Pediatric Intensive Care Units. Minerva Anestesiol. 2017 Oct;83(10):1010-1016. doi: 10.23736/S0375-9393.17.11707-4. Epub 2017 Mar 28.

Reference Type RESULT
PMID: 28358177 (View on PubMed)

Mason KP, Lerman J. Review article: Dexmedetomidine in children: current knowledge and future applications. Anesth Analg. 2011 Nov;113(5):1129-42. doi: 10.1213/ANE.0b013e31822b8629. Epub 2011 Aug 4.

Reference Type RESULT
PMID: 21821507 (View on PubMed)

Related Links

Access external resources that provide additional context or updates about the study.

http://www.sarnepi.it

see Group of Study PeNPAD (Italian Research Group on Pediatric Neurological Protection and Drugs)

Other Identifiers

Review additional registry numbers or institutional identifiers associated with this trial.

4466/AO/18; AOP1403

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id

More Related Trials

Additional clinical trials that may be relevant based on similarity analysis.