Intravenous Amino Acid Therapy for Kidney Protection in Cardiac Surgery.
NCT ID: NCT03709264
Last Updated: 2025-08-07
Study Results
The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.
Basic Information
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COMPLETED
PHASE3
3511 participants
INTERVENTIONAL
2019-10-07
2025-01-17
Brief Summary
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The primary aim of the study is to determine whether providing continuous infusion of a balanced mixture of amino acids, compared to placebo (balanced crystalloid solution), reduces the incidence of acute kidney injury (AKI) in patients scheduled for cardiac surgery defined as KDIGO stage 1 or greater during hospital stay.
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Detailed Description
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Conditions
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Study Design
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RANDOMIZED
PARALLEL
TREATMENT
TRIPLE
Study Groups
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Amino Acids infusion
Amino Acids
Patients randomized to experimental arm receive a continuous infusion of a balanced mixture of amino acids in a dose of 2 g/kg ideal body weight/day (to a maximum 100 g/day) from the operating room admission up to either death, start of RRT, ICU discharge or 72 hours after treatment initiation, trough a central venous line
Placebo
Placebos
Placebo: standard treatment
Interventions
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Amino Acids
Patients randomized to experimental arm receive a continuous infusion of a balanced mixture of amino acids in a dose of 2 g/kg ideal body weight/day (to a maximum 100 g/day) from the operating room admission up to either death, start of RRT, ICU discharge or 72 hours after treatment initiation, trough a central venous line
Placebos
Placebo: standard treatment
Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria
* scheduled cardiac surgery
* expected to stay in ICU at least 1 night after surgery
* signed informed consent
Exclusion Criteria
* Patient currently receiving or scheduled for intermittent or continuous renal replacement therapy
* Patients with CKD of equal or more than CKD stage IV (GFR\<30 ml/min/1.73 m2)
* Patient with a kidney transplant
* Patient is not expected to survive ICU or hospital discharge
* Patient previously been enrolled and randomized into this study
* Patient has severe liver disease (Child-Pugh score \>7 points)
* Patient has a hypersensitivity (known allergy) to one or more of the included amino acids
* Patient has a congenital alteration of amino acid metabolism
* Pregnant or currently breastfeeding patients
* Patients with any of the contraindications reported in the summary product characteristics.
18 Years
ALL
No
Sponsors
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Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele
OTHER
Responsible Party
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Giovanni Landoni
MD, Associate Professor
Locations
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University Hospital Dubrava
Dubrava, , Croatia
Magdalena Clinic for Cardiovascular Diseases
Zagreb, , Croatia
Ospedale San Carlo
Potenza, Basilicate, Italy
Ospedale Mater Domini
Catanzaro, Calabria, Italy
Ospedale Monaldi
Napoli, Campania, Italy
Pineta Grande Hospital
Castel Volturno, Caserta, Italy
Azienda Ospedaliera Sant'Andrea
Rome, Lazio, Italy
Ospedale San Camillo
Rome, Lazio, Italy
IRCCS San Martino Istitute
Genoa, Liguria, Italy
IRCCS Cardiologico Monzino
Milan, Lombardy, Italy
Istituto Clinico Humanitas
Rozzano, Lombardy, Italy
IRCCS Ospedale San Donato
Miano, Milano, Italy
Città della Salute
Turin, Piedmont, Italy
Ospedale Ordine Mauriziano
Turin, Piedmont, Italy
Maria Cecilia Hospital
Cotignola, Ravenna, Italy
Ospedale del cuore - Fondazione Toscana Gabriele Monasterio
Massa, Tuscany, Italy
Ospedale San Raffaele
Milan, , Italy
AOU Policlinico Paolo Giaccone
Palermo, , Italy
Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Pisana
Pisa, , Italy
Grande Ospedale Metropolitano
Reggio Calabria, , Italy
Ospedale Santa Maria della Misericordia
Udine, , Italy
National University Hospital
Singapore, , Singapore
Countries
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References
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Losiggio R, Redaelli MB, Landoni G, Bellomo R. Intravenous Amino-acid Infusion to Prevent Acute Kidney Injury after Cardiac Surgery: A Review of the Evidence. Ann Thorac Surg. 2025 Aug;120(2):256-266. doi: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2024.11.020. Epub 2024 Dec 4.
Baiardo Redaelli M, Landoni G, Monti G, Bellomo R. Amino acids and the kidney; friends or foes? Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care. 2025 Mar 1;28(2):156-159. doi: 10.1097/MCO.0000000000001083. Epub 2024 Oct 21.
Pruna A, Losiggio R, Landoni G, Kotani Y, Redaelli MB, Veneziano M, Lee TC, Zangrillo A, Gaudino MFL, Bellomo R; for Protection Study group. Amino Acid Infusion for Perioperative Functional Renal Protection: A Meta-analysis. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth. 2024 Dec;38(12):3076-3085. doi: 10.1053/j.jvca.2024.08.033. Epub 2024 Aug 22.
Landoni G, Brambillasca C, Baiardo Redaelli M, Bradic N, Ti LK, Povsic-Cevra Z, Nepomniashchikh VA, Zoccai GB, D'Ascenzo F, Romagnoli E, Scandroglio AM, Ballotta A, Rondello N, Franco A, Massaro C, Viscido C, Calabro MG, Garofalo E, Canichella F, Monaco F, Severi L, Pisano A, Barucco G, Venditto M, Federici F, Licheri M, Paternoster G, Trompeo A, Belletti A, Mantovani LF, Perone R, Dalessandro G, Kroeller D, Haxhiademi D, Galbiati C, Tripodi VF, Giardina G, Lembo R, Nakhnoukh C, Guarracino F, Longhini F, Bove T, Zangrillo A, Bellomo R, Fominskiy E. Intravenous amino acid therapy for kidney protection in cardiac surgery a protocol for a multi-centre randomized blinded placebo controlled clinical trial. The PROTECTION trial. Contemp Clin Trials. 2022 Oct;121:106898. doi: 10.1016/j.cct.2022.106898. Epub 2022 Aug 28.
Rosario Losiggio, Martina Baiardo Redaelli, Alessandro Pruna, Giovanni Landoni, Rinaldo Bellomo. The renal effects of amino acids infusion. Signa Vitae. 2024. 20(7);1-4.
Bellomo R, Monaco F, Paternoster G. Intravenous Amino Acids and Kidney Protection. Reply. N Engl J Med. 2024 Nov 21;391(20):1965-1966. doi: 10.1056/NEJMc2412012. No abstract available.
Kotani Y, Baiardo Redaelli M, Pruna A, Losiggio R, Cocozza S, Ti LK, Bradic N, Comis M, Landoni G, Bellomo R. Intravenous amino acid for kidney protection: current understanding and future perspectives. Clin Kidney J. 2024 Dec 26;18(2):sfae409. doi: 10.1093/ckj/sfae409. eCollection 2025 Feb.
Pruna A, Monaco F, Asiller OO, Delrio S, Yavorovskiy A, Bellomo R, Landoni G. How Would We Prevent Our Own Acute Kidney Injury After Cardiac Surgery? J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth. 2025 May;39(5):1123-1134. doi: 10.1053/j.jvca.2025.01.019. Epub 2025 Jan 13.
Bottussi A, D'Andria Ursoleo J, Agosta VT, De Luca M, Monaco F. The role of amino acids and protein administration in preventing cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury. Future Cardiol. 2025 Mar;21(3):191-202. doi: 10.1080/14796678.2025.2463271. Epub 2025 Feb 8.
Landoni G, Monaco F, Ti LK, Baiardo Redaelli M, Bradic N, Comis M, Kotani Y, Brambillasca C, Garofalo E, Scandroglio AM, Viscido C, Paternoster G, Franco A, Porta S, Ferrod F, Calabro MG, Pisano A, Vendramin I, Barucco G, Federici F, Severi L, Belletti A, Cortegiani A, Bruni A, Galbiati C, Covino A, Baryshnikova E, Giardina G, Venditto M, Kroeller D, Nakhnoukh C, Mantovani L, Silvetti S, Licheri M, Guarracino F, Lobreglio R, Di Prima AL, Fresilli S, Labanca R, Mucchetti M, Lembo R, Losiggio R, Bove T, Ranucci M, Fominskiy E, Longhini F, Zangrillo A, Bellomo R; PROTECTION Study Group. A Randomized Trial of Intravenous Amino Acids for Kidney Protection. N Engl J Med. 2024 Aug 22;391(8):687-698. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa2403769. Epub 2024 Jun 12.
Baiardo Redaelli M, Monaco F, Bradic N, Scandroglio AM, Ti LK, Belletti A, Viscido C, Licheri M, Guarracino F, Pruna A, Pisano A, Pontillo D, Federici F, Losiggio R, Serena G, Tomasi E, Silvetti S, Ranucci M, Brazzi L, Cortegiani A, Landoni G, Mastroroberto P, Paternoster G, Gaudino MFL, Zangrillo A, Bellomo R; for the PROTECTION Study Group Collaborators. Amino Acid Infusion for Kidney Protection in Cardiac Surgery Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease: A Secondary Analysis of the PROTECTION Trial. Anesthesiology. 2025 May 1;142(5):818-828. doi: 10.1097/ALN.0000000000005336. Epub 2024 Dec 19.
Belletti A, Pisano A, Scandroglio AM, Garofalo E, Calabro MG, Ferrod F, Monaco F, Brambillasca C, Baiardo Redaelli M, Meroi F, Fominskiy E, Vignale R, Ajello S, Venditto M, Scquizzato T, Porta S, Losiggio R, Suriano P, Pontillo D, Orso D, Tomasi E, Paternoster G, Lomivorotov V, Longhini F, Landoni G, Zangrillo A, Maisano F, Bellomo R, Pieri M; PROTECTION Study Group Collaborators. Intravenous amino acids for renal protection in patients receiving temporary mechanical circulatory support: a secondary subgroup analysis of the PROTECTION study. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 2025 Feb 4;67(2):ezaf035. doi: 10.1093/ejcts/ezaf035.
Pontillo D, Rong LQ, Pruna A, Pisano A, Monaco F, Bruni A, Baiardo Redaelli M, Ti LK, Belletti A, Bradic N, Massaro C, Barucco G, Viscido C, Losiggio R, Federici F, Marmiere M, Silvetti S, Marchetti C, Carmosino M, Manazza M, Oliva FM, Cortegiani A, Guarracino F, Ranucci M, Paternoster G, Landoni G, Zangrillo A, Gaudino MFL, Bellomo R; PROTECTION Study Group Collaborators. Impact of Cardiopulmonary Bypass Duration on the Renal Effects of Amino Acids Infusion in Cardiac Surgery Patients. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth. 2025 Sep;39(9):2296-2306. doi: 10.1053/j.jvca.2025.05.050. Epub 2025 Jun 2.
Other Identifiers
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PROTection/47/OSR
Identifier Type: -
Identifier Source: org_study_id
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