Absorption, Metabolism and Excretion of Apigenin and Apigenin Glycosides

Study Results

Results pending

The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.

Basic Information

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Recruitment Status

COMPLETED

Clinical Phase

NA

Total Enrollment

17 participants

Study Classification

INTERVENTIONAL

Study Start Date

2015-01-20

Study Completion Date

2016-07-30

Brief Summary

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Probe dietary intervention study in healthy young adult males to evaluate the concentration of apigenin derived metabolites in plasma and urine after single acute intakes of different apigenin-containing test materials.

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Detailed Description

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Flavonoids, including the sub groups of Flavones (FO) are plant-derived compounds commonly present in the human diet. Examples of FO-containing foods and beverages are parsley, celery, and chamomile. The study described below will provide initial information of apigenin derived metabolites in humans. The investigators suggest the information that will be obtained from the outlined work will be particularly timely given increasing interest in the putative health effects of FO intake in humans.

This study consisted of two parts. The first part consisted of a probe study in which the investigators investigated the absorption and metabolism from four flavone-containing test products. The second phase investigated absorption and metabolism after the intake of a flavone-containing parsley drink.

Conditions

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Healthy

Study Design

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Allocation Method

NON_RANDOMIZED

Intervention Model

CROSSOVER

Cross-over dietary intervention study in healthy young adult males

Primary Study Purpose

BASIC_SCIENCE

Blinding Strategy

SINGLE

Investigators

Investigator doing data analysis and statistical analyses

Study Groups

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Chamomile Tea

Chamomile Tea in 300mL hot water

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

Chamomile Tea

Intervention Type OTHER

Chamomile Tea in 300mL hot water

Parsley based drink

3.2 g dried parsley in 300mL hot water

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

Parsley based drink

Intervention Type OTHER

3.2 g dried parsley in 300mL hot water

Parsley Yogurt

3.2 g dried parsley in 100g plain yogurt

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

Parsley Yogurt

Intervention Type OTHER

3.2 g dried parsley in 100g plain yogurt

Apigenin

Apigenin capsule mixed with 300mL hot water

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

Apigenin

Intervention Type OTHER

Apigenin capsule mixed with 300mL hot water

Parsley-based drink (II)

3.2 g of dried parsley in 300 ml of hot water

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

Parsley-based drink (II)

Intervention Type OTHER

3.2 g dried parsley in 300mL hot water

Interventions

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Chamomile Tea

Chamomile Tea in 300mL hot water

Intervention Type OTHER

Parsley based drink

3.2 g dried parsley in 300mL hot water

Intervention Type OTHER

Parsley Yogurt

3.2 g dried parsley in 100g plain yogurt

Intervention Type OTHER

Apigenin

Apigenin capsule mixed with 300mL hot water

Intervention Type OTHER

Parsley-based drink (II)

3.2 g dried parsley in 300mL hot water

Intervention Type OTHER

Eligibility Criteria

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Inclusion Criteria

* No prescription medications
* BMI 18.5 - 29.9 kg/m2
* Weight ≥ 110 pounds
* previously consumed cocoa, peanut, parsley, celery and chamomile products with no adverse reactions

Exclusion Criteria

* Adults unable to consent
* Prisoners
* Non-English speaking
* BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2
* Performing vigorous physical activity (i.e. more than 6 metabolic equivalence of task (MET) as defined by Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM) guidelines) for more than 3 days a week
* Dietary allergies including those to nuts, cocoa and chocolate products, parsley, celery and chamomile.
* Active avoidance of coffee and caffeinated soft drinks
* Under current medical supervision
* A history of cardiovascular disease, stroke, renal, hepatic, or thyroid disease
* History of clinically significant depression, anxiety or other psychiatric condition
* History of Raynaud's disease
* History of difficult blood draws
* Indications of substance or alcohol abuse within the last 3 years
* Current use of herbal, plant or botanical supplements (multi-vitamin/mineral supplements are allowed)
* Blood Pressure \> 140/90 mm Hg
* GI tract disorders, previous GI surgery (except appendectomy)
* Self-reported malabsorption (e.g. difficulty digesting or absorbing nutrients from food, potentially leading to bloating, cramping or gas)
* Diarrhea within the last 3 months, or antibiotic intake within the last 3 months
* Vegetarian, Vegan, food faddists, individuals using non-traditional diets, on a weight loss diet or individuals following diets with significant deviations from the average diet
* Metabolic panel and cholesterol results or complete blood counts that are outside of the normal reference range and are considered clinically relevant by the study physician
* Cold, flu, or upper respiratory condition at screening
* Currently participating in a clinical or dietary intervention study

Minimum Eligible Age

25 Years

Maximum Eligible Age

60 Years

Eligible Sex

MALE

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes