Dexmedetomidine and Long-term Outcomes in Elderly Patients After Cardiac Surgery

NCT ID: NCT03289325

Last Updated: 2024-10-01

Study Results

Results pending

The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.

Basic Information

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Recruitment Status

COMPLETED

Clinical Phase

NA

Total Enrollment

285 participants

Study Classification

INTERVENTIONAL

Study Start Date

2021-10-21

Study Completion Date

2022-05-03

Brief Summary

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A retrospective study showed that intraoperative dexmedetomidine administration was associated with decreased risk of 1-year mortality after cardiac surgery. In a previous randomized controlled trial, 285 elderly patients undergoing cardiac surgery were randomized to receive either perioperative dexmedetomidine or placebo (normal saline) administration. The purpose of this 6-year follow-up study is to investigate whether perioperative dexmedetomidine can improve long-term outcomes in those recruited elderly patients after cardiac surgery.

Detailed Description

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Dexmedetomidine is a highly selective alpha 2-adrenergic receptor agonist that provides anti-anxiety, sedation, and modest analgesic effects. In a retrospective cohort study of patients undergoing cardiac surgery, perioperative dexmedetomidine administration was associated with decreased risk of 1-year mortality. Theoretically, perioperative dexmedetomidine may exert the following favorable for cardiac surgery patients: (1) reduces perioperative opioid consumption and thereby mitigates opioid-induced immunosuppression, (2) dampens hyper-inflammatory response induced by surgery, and (3) improves postoperative sleep quality. However, prospective studies investigating the long-term effects of perioperative dexmedetomidine in cardiac surgery patients are still lacking.

In a previous randomized controlled trial, 285 patients of 60 years or older who were scheduled to undergo coronary artery bypass graft surgery and/or valve replacement surgery were randomized to receive either perioperative dexmedetomidine administration (0.6 microgram/kg in 10 minutes before anesthesia induction, followed by a continuous infusion at a rate of 0.4 microgram/kg/h until the end of surgery, then a continuous infusion at a rate of 0.1 microgram/kg/h until the end of mechanical ventilation) or placebo (normal saline, administered in the same rate or volume for the same duration as in the dexmedetomidine group). The results showed that perioperative dexmedetomidine reduced the incidence of pulmonary complications and shortened the duration of mechanical ventilation after surgery.

The purpose of this 6-year follow-up study is to investigate the effects of perioperative dexmedetomidine on the long-term outcomes in elderly patients after cardiac surgery.

Conditions

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Cardiac Surgery Dexmedetomidine Long-term Outcome Mortality Quality of Life

Study Design

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Allocation Method

RANDOMIZED

Intervention Model

PARALLEL

Primary Study Purpose

PREVENTION

Blinding Strategy

QUADRUPLE

Participants Caregivers Investigators Outcome Assessors

Study Groups

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DEX group

The active drug (dexmedetomidine hydrochloride for injection) will be administered during a period from before anesthesia induction until the end of mechanical ventilation after surgery.

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

dexmedetomidine hydrochloride for injection

Intervention Type DRUG

Before anesthesia, dexmedetomidine hydrochloride for injection (200 ug/2 ml) will be diluted with normal saline to 50 ml (final dexmedetomidine concentration 4 ug/ml).

Before anesthesia induction, a loading dose will be administered by intravenous infusion at a rate of \[0.9\*kg\] ml/h for 10 minutes (i.e., dexmedetomidine 0.6 ug/kg in 10 minutes), followed by continuous infusion at a rate of \[0.1\*kg\] ml/h (i.e., dexmedetomidine at a rate of 0.4 ug/kg/h) until the end of surgery.

After surgery, the infusion rate will be decreased to \[0.025\*kg\] ml/h (i.e., dexmedetomidine at a rate of 0.1 ug/kg/h) and continued until the end of mechanical ventilation.

CTRL group

The placebo drug (normal saline, or 0.9% sodium chloride for injection) will be administered in the same rate and volume for a same duration as that in the DEX group.

Group Type PLACEBO_COMPARATOR

0.9% sodium chloride for injection

Intervention Type DRUG

Before anesthesia, 0.9% sodium chloride for injection 50 ml will be prepared.

Before anesthesia induction, a loading dose will be administered by intravenous infusion at a rate of \[0.9\*kg\] ml/h for 10 minutes, followed by continuous infusion at a rate of \[0.1\*kg\] ml/h until the end of surgery.

After surgery, the infusion rate will be decreased to \[0.025\*kg\] ml/h and continued until the end of mechanical ventilation.

Interventions

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dexmedetomidine hydrochloride for injection

Before anesthesia, dexmedetomidine hydrochloride for injection (200 ug/2 ml) will be diluted with normal saline to 50 ml (final dexmedetomidine concentration 4 ug/ml).

Before anesthesia induction, a loading dose will be administered by intravenous infusion at a rate of \[0.9\*kg\] ml/h for 10 minutes (i.e., dexmedetomidine 0.6 ug/kg in 10 minutes), followed by continuous infusion at a rate of \[0.1\*kg\] ml/h (i.e., dexmedetomidine at a rate of 0.4 ug/kg/h) until the end of surgery.

After surgery, the infusion rate will be decreased to \[0.025\*kg\] ml/h (i.e., dexmedetomidine at a rate of 0.1 ug/kg/h) and continued until the end of mechanical ventilation.

Intervention Type DRUG

0.9% sodium chloride for injection

Before anesthesia, 0.9% sodium chloride for injection 50 ml will be prepared.

Before anesthesia induction, a loading dose will be administered by intravenous infusion at a rate of \[0.9\*kg\] ml/h for 10 minutes, followed by continuous infusion at a rate of \[0.1\*kg\] ml/h until the end of surgery.

After surgery, the infusion rate will be decreased to \[0.025\*kg\] ml/h and continued until the end of mechanical ventilation.

Intervention Type DRUG

Other Intervention Names

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Aibeining (trade name) Normal saline

Eligibility Criteria

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Inclusion Criteria

1. Age of 60 years or older;
2. Scheduled to undergo cardiac surgery (coronary artery bypass graft and/or valve replacement surgery);
3. Provide written informed consents.

Exclusion Criteria

1. Preoperative history of schizophrenia, epilepsia, Parkinson syndrome, or severe dementia;
2. Inability to communicate in the preoperative period because of severe visual/auditory dysfunction or language barrier;
3. History of brain injury or neurosurgery;
4. Preoperative sick sinus syndrome, severe bradycardia (HR \< 50 bpm), second-degree or above atrioventricular block without pacemaker;
5. Severe hepatic dysfunction (Child-Pugh class C);
6. Severe renal dysfunction (requirement of renal replacement therapy);
7. Other conditions that are considered unsuitable for participation.
Minimum Eligible Age

60 Years

Eligible Sex

ALL

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Sponsors

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Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Fuwai Hospital

OTHER

Sponsor Role collaborator

Peking University First Hospital

OTHER

Sponsor Role lead

Responsible Party

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Dong-Xin Wang

Professor and Chairman, Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine

Responsibility Role PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Principal Investigators

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Dong-Xin Wang, MD, PhD

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Peking University First Hospital

Locations

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Peking University First Hospital

Beijing, Beijing Municipality, China

Site Status

Beijing Fuwai Hospital

Beijing, Beijing Municipality, China

Site Status

Countries

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China

References

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Other Identifiers

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2016-1188

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id

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