Trial Outcomes & Findings for Combined Resistance and Aerobic Exercise Training on Obesity in Adolescent Girls (NCT NCT03096873)

NCT ID: NCT03096873

Last Updated: 2020-11-03

Results Overview

Height was measured before and after 12 weeks.

• Recruitment status: COMPLETED
• Study phase: NA
• Target enrollment: 40 participants
• Primary outcome timeframe: 12 weeks
• Results posted on: 2020-11-03

Participant Flow

Participant milestones

Measure	No Exercise (CON) Twenty obese adolescent girls. This arm did not perform any exercise training for 12 weeks. Caloric intake: 1921.7 kcal/day (n = 20)	Exercise (EX) Twenty obese adolescent girls. This arm performed combined exercise training 5 times a week for 12 weeks. Caloric intake: 1921.7 kcal/day (n = 20) Combined Exercise Training: The combined exercise training were consisted with 5 minutes of warm-up, 20 minutes of resistant band exercises (Upper: seated rows, biceps curl, shoulder flexion, elbow flexion, pushup; Lower: hip flexion, hip extension, calf raise, leg press, squat), 30 minutes of treadmill walking, and 5 minutes of cool-down. Intensity of the training was gradually increased from 40-50% heart rate reserve in 1-4 weeks to 60-70% HRR in 9-12 weeks.
Overall Study STARTED	20	20
Overall Study COMPLETED	20	20
Overall Study NOT COMPLETED	0	0

Reasons for withdrawal

Withdrawal data not reported

Baseline Characteristics

Combined Resistance and Aerobic Exercise Training on Obesity in Adolescent Girls

Baseline characteristics by cohort

Measure	No Exercise (CON) n=20 Participants Twenty obese adolescent girls. This arm did not perform any exercise training for 12 weeks. Caloric intake: 1921.7 kcal/day	Exercise (EX) n=20 Participants Twenty obese adolescent girls. This arm performed combined exercise training 5 times a week for 12 weeks. Caloric intake: 1921.7 kcal/day Combined Exercise Training: The combined exercise training were consisted with 5 minutes of warm-up, 20 minutes of resistant band exercises (Upper: seated rows, biceps curl, shoulder flexion, elbow flexion, pushup; Lower: hip flexion, hip extension, calf raise, leg press, squat), 30 minutes of treadmill walking, and 5 minutes of cool-down. Intensity of the training was gradually increased from 40-50% heart rate reserve in 1-4 weeks to 60-70% HRR in 9-12 weeks.	Total n=40 Participants Total of all reporting groups
Age, Categorical <=18 years	20 Participants n=5 Participants	20 Participants n=7 Participants	40 Participants n=5 Participants
Age, Categorical Between 18 and 65 years	0 Participants n=5 Participants	0 Participants n=7 Participants	0 Participants n=5 Participants
Age, Categorical >=65 years	0 Participants n=5 Participants	0 Participants n=7 Participants	0 Participants n=5 Participants
Age, Continuous	14 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 1 • n=5 Participants	14 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 1 • n=7 Participants	14 years STANDARD_DEVIATION 1 • n=5 Participants
Sex: Female, Male Female	20 Participants n=5 Participants	20 Participants n=7 Participants	40 Participants n=5 Participants
Sex: Female, Male Male	0 Participants n=5 Participants	0 Participants n=7 Participants	0 Participants n=5 Participants
Region of Enrollment South Korea	20 participants n=5 Participants	20 participants n=7 Participants	40 participants n=5 Participants
Weight	75.6 kilograms STANDARD_DEVIATION 2.8 • n=5 Participants	76.4 kilograms STANDARD_DEVIATION 2.8 • n=7 Participants	76 kilograms STANDARD_DEVIATION 2.8 • n=5 Participants
Waist circumference	87.3 centimeters STANDARD_DEVIATION 1.5 • n=5 Participants	87.6 centimeters STANDARD_DEVIATION 0.7 • n=7 Participants	87.5 centimeters STANDARD_DEVIATION 1.1 • n=5 Participants
Percentage of body fat	43.4 percent STANDARD_DEVIATION 2.2 • n=5 Participants	43 percent STANDARD_DEVIATION 2.3 • n=7 Participants	43.2 percent STANDARD_DEVIATION 2.2 • n=5 Participants
Glucose	5.6 mmol/L STANDARD_DEVIATION 0.2 • n=5 Participants	5.5 mmol/L STANDARD_DEVIATION 0.1 • n=7 Participants	5.6 mmol/L STANDARD_DEVIATION 0.2 • n=5 Participants
Insulin	26.2 uU/mL STANDARD_DEVIATION 3.2 • n=5 Participants	27.4 uU/mL STANDARD_DEVIATION 2.2 • n=7 Participants	26.8 uU/mL STANDARD_DEVIATION 2.7 • n=5 Participants
Resting heart rate	68 beats per minute STANDARD_DEVIATION 3 • n=5 Participants	68 beats per minute STANDARD_DEVIATION 2 • n=7 Participants	68 beats per minute STANDARD_DEVIATION 3 • n=5 Participants
Arterial stiffness	8.3 meters per second (m/s) STANDARD_DEVIATION 1.4 • n=5 Participants	8.5 meters per second (m/s) STANDARD_DEVIATION 1.2 • n=7 Participants	8.4 meters per second (m/s) STANDARD_DEVIATION 1.3 • n=5 Participants
Height	1.58 meters STANDARD_DEVIATION 0.13 • n=5 Participants	1.6 meters STANDARD_DEVIATION 0.01 • n=7 Participants	1.59 meters STANDARD_DEVIATION .07 • n=5 Participants
Body mass index	30 kg/m^2 STANDARD_DEVIATION 1.2 • n=5 Participants	30 kg/m^2 STANDARD_DEVIATION 2.2 • n=7 Participants	30 kg/m^2 STANDARD_DEVIATION 1.7 • n=5 Participants
Blood pressure	122 mmHg STANDARD_DEVIATION 1.2 • n=5 Participants	121 mmHg STANDARD_DEVIATION 1.4 • n=7 Participants	122 mmHg STANDARD_DEVIATION 1.3 • n=5 Participants
Lean body mass	43.7 percent STANDARD_DEVIATION 1.7 • n=5 Participants	41.7 percent STANDARD_DEVIATION 1.4 • n=7 Participants	42.7 percent STANDARD_DEVIATION 1.6 • n=5 Participants
Leptin	21.2 ng/mL STANDARD_DEVIATION 2.4 • n=5 Participants	20.8 ng/mL STANDARD_DEVIATION 2.1 • n=7 Participants	21.0 ng/mL STANDARD_DEVIATION 2.3 • n=5 Participants
Adiponectin	5.3 ug/mL STANDARD_DEVIATION 0.8 • n=5 Participants	5.7 ug/mL STANDARD_DEVIATION 0.5 • n=7 Participants	5.5 ug/mL STANDARD_DEVIATION 0.7 • n=5 Participants
Homeostasis Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR)	6.4 HOMA-IR Score STANDARD_DEVIATION 0.4 • n=5 Participants	6.7 HOMA-IR Score STANDARD_DEVIATION 0.5 • n=7 Participants	6.6 HOMA-IR Score STANDARD_DEVIATION 0.5 • n=5 Participants
Systolic Blood Pressure	122 mmHg STANDARD_DEVIATION 1.3 • n=5 Participants	121 mmHg STANDARD_DEVIATION 1.4 • n=7 Participants	121.2 mmHg STANDARD_DEVIATION 1.3 • n=5 Participants
Diastolic Blood Pressure	80 mmHg STANDARD_DEVIATION 2.2 • n=5 Participants	80 mmHg STANDARD_DEVIATION 1.6 • n=7 Participants	80 mmHg STANDARD_DEVIATION 1.8 • n=5 Participants
Volume of maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max)	25 mL/kg/min of oxygen STANDARD_DEVIATION 2.4 • n=5 Participants	25 mL/kg/min of oxygen STANDARD_DEVIATION 1.7 • n=7 Participants	25 mL/kg/min of oxygen STANDARD_DEVIATION 2.2 • n=5 Participants
Maximal Heart Rate	202 beats per minute STANDARD_DEVIATION 3 • n=5 Participants	203 beats per minute STANDARD_DEVIATION 4 • n=7 Participants	203 beats per minute STANDARD_DEVIATION 3 • n=5 Participants

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: 12 weeks

Height was measured before and after 12 weeks.

Outcome measures

Measure	No Exercise (CON) n=20 Participants Twenty obese adolescent girls. This arm did not perform any exercise training for 12 weeks. Caloric intake: 1921.7 kcal/day	Exercise (EX) n=20 Participants Twenty obese adolescent girls. This arm performed combined exercise training 5 times a week for 12 weeks. Caloric intake: 1921.7 kcal/day Combined Exercise Training: The combined exercise training were consisted with 5 minutes of warm-up, 20 minutes of resistant band exercises (Upper: seated rows, biceps curl, shoulder flexion, elbow flexion, pushup; Lower: hip flexion, hip extension, calf raise, leg press, squat), 30 minutes of treadmill walking, and 5 minutes of cool-down. Intensity of the training was gradually increased from 40-50% heart rate reserve in 1-4 weeks to 60-70% HRR in 9-12 weeks.
Height in Meters	1.58 meters Standard Deviation 0.15	1.60 meters Standard Deviation 0.11

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: 12 weeks

Weight was measured before and after 12 weeks.

Outcome measures

Measure	No Exercise (CON) n=20 Participants Twenty obese adolescent girls. This arm did not perform any exercise training for 12 weeks. Caloric intake: 1921.7 kcal/day	Exercise (EX) n=20 Participants Twenty obese adolescent girls. This arm performed combined exercise training 5 times a week for 12 weeks. Caloric intake: 1921.7 kcal/day Combined Exercise Training: The combined exercise training were consisted with 5 minutes of warm-up, 20 minutes of resistant band exercises (Upper: seated rows, biceps curl, shoulder flexion, elbow flexion, pushup; Lower: hip flexion, hip extension, calf raise, leg press, squat), 30 minutes of treadmill walking, and 5 minutes of cool-down. Intensity of the training was gradually increased from 40-50% heart rate reserve in 1-4 weeks to 60-70% HRR in 9-12 weeks.
Weight in Kilograms	75.8 kilograms (kg) Standard Deviation 1.5	70.2 kilograms (kg) Standard Deviation 2.9

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: 12 weeks

BMI was calculated with weight and height before and after 12 weeks.

Outcome measures

Measure	No Exercise (CON) n=20 Participants Twenty obese adolescent girls. This arm did not perform any exercise training for 12 weeks. Caloric intake: 1921.7 kcal/day	Exercise (EX) n=20 Participants Twenty obese adolescent girls. This arm performed combined exercise training 5 times a week for 12 weeks. Caloric intake: 1921.7 kcal/day Combined Exercise Training: The combined exercise training were consisted with 5 minutes of warm-up, 20 minutes of resistant band exercises (Upper: seated rows, biceps curl, shoulder flexion, elbow flexion, pushup; Lower: hip flexion, hip extension, calf raise, leg press, squat), 30 minutes of treadmill walking, and 5 minutes of cool-down. Intensity of the training was gradually increased from 40-50% heart rate reserve in 1-4 weeks to 60-70% HRR in 9-12 weeks.
BMI in Weight (Kilograms)/Height (Meters)^2	30 kilograms per meter squared (kg/m^2) Standard Deviation 1.4	27 kilograms per meter squared (kg/m^2) Standard Deviation 2.1

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: 12 weeks

Body fat was measured before and after 12 weeks.

Outcome measures

Measure	No Exercise (CON) n=20 Participants Twenty obese adolescent girls. This arm did not perform any exercise training for 12 weeks. Caloric intake: 1921.7 kcal/day	Exercise (EX) n=20 Participants Twenty obese adolescent girls. This arm performed combined exercise training 5 times a week for 12 weeks. Caloric intake: 1921.7 kcal/day Combined Exercise Training: The combined exercise training were consisted with 5 minutes of warm-up, 20 minutes of resistant band exercises (Upper: seated rows, biceps curl, shoulder flexion, elbow flexion, pushup; Lower: hip flexion, hip extension, calf raise, leg press, squat), 30 minutes of treadmill walking, and 5 minutes of cool-down. Intensity of the training was gradually increased from 40-50% heart rate reserve in 1-4 weeks to 60-70% HRR in 9-12 weeks.
Body Fat in Percents	43 percent Standard Deviation 2.2	39.6 percent Standard Deviation 2.1

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: 12 weeks

Lean body mass was measured before and after 12 weeks.

Outcome measures

Measure	No Exercise (CON) n=20 Participants Twenty obese adolescent girls. This arm did not perform any exercise training for 12 weeks. Caloric intake: 1921.7 kcal/day	Exercise (EX) n=20 Participants Twenty obese adolescent girls. This arm performed combined exercise training 5 times a week for 12 weeks. Caloric intake: 1921.7 kcal/day Combined Exercise Training: The combined exercise training were consisted with 5 minutes of warm-up, 20 minutes of resistant band exercises (Upper: seated rows, biceps curl, shoulder flexion, elbow flexion, pushup; Lower: hip flexion, hip extension, calf raise, leg press, squat), 30 minutes of treadmill walking, and 5 minutes of cool-down. Intensity of the training was gradually increased from 40-50% heart rate reserve in 1-4 weeks to 60-70% HRR in 9-12 weeks.
Lean Body Mass in Percents	43 percent Standard Deviation 2.2	39.6 percent Standard Deviation 2.1

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: 12 weeks

Waist circumference was measured before and after 12 weeks.

Outcome measures

Measure	No Exercise (CON) n=20 Participants Twenty obese adolescent girls. This arm did not perform any exercise training for 12 weeks. Caloric intake: 1921.7 kcal/day	Exercise (EX) n=20 Participants Twenty obese adolescent girls. This arm performed combined exercise training 5 times a week for 12 weeks. Caloric intake: 1921.7 kcal/day Combined Exercise Training: The combined exercise training were consisted with 5 minutes of warm-up, 20 minutes of resistant band exercises (Upper: seated rows, biceps curl, shoulder flexion, elbow flexion, pushup; Lower: hip flexion, hip extension, calf raise, leg press, squat), 30 minutes of treadmill walking, and 5 minutes of cool-down. Intensity of the training was gradually increased from 40-50% heart rate reserve in 1-4 weeks to 60-70% HRR in 9-12 weeks.
Waist Circumference in Centimeters	88.2 centimeters (cm) Standard Deviation 1.0	83.5 centimeters (cm) Standard Deviation 0.5

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: 12 weeks

Glucose levels were measured before and after 12 weeks.

Outcome measures

Measure	No Exercise (CON) n=20 Participants Twenty obese adolescent girls. This arm did not perform any exercise training for 12 weeks. Caloric intake: 1921.7 kcal/day	Exercise (EX) n=20 Participants Twenty obese adolescent girls. This arm performed combined exercise training 5 times a week for 12 weeks. Caloric intake: 1921.7 kcal/day Combined Exercise Training: The combined exercise training were consisted with 5 minutes of warm-up, 20 minutes of resistant band exercises (Upper: seated rows, biceps curl, shoulder flexion, elbow flexion, pushup; Lower: hip flexion, hip extension, calf raise, leg press, squat), 30 minutes of treadmill walking, and 5 minutes of cool-down. Intensity of the training was gradually increased from 40-50% heart rate reserve in 1-4 weeks to 60-70% HRR in 9-12 weeks.
Glucose Levels in Millimole Per Liter	5.4 mmol/L Standard Deviation 0.1	4.3 mmol/L Standard Deviation 0.2

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: 12 weeks

Insulin levels were measured before and after 12 weeks.

Outcome measures

Measure	No Exercise (CON) n=20 Participants Twenty obese adolescent girls. This arm did not perform any exercise training for 12 weeks. Caloric intake: 1921.7 kcal/day	Exercise (EX) n=20 Participants Twenty obese adolescent girls. This arm performed combined exercise training 5 times a week for 12 weeks. Caloric intake: 1921.7 kcal/day Combined Exercise Training: The combined exercise training were consisted with 5 minutes of warm-up, 20 minutes of resistant band exercises (Upper: seated rows, biceps curl, shoulder flexion, elbow flexion, pushup; Lower: hip flexion, hip extension, calf raise, leg press, squat), 30 minutes of treadmill walking, and 5 minutes of cool-down. Intensity of the training was gradually increased from 40-50% heart rate reserve in 1-4 weeks to 60-70% HRR in 9-12 weeks.
Insulin Levels in Micro Unit Per Milliliter	27 uU/mL Standard Deviation 2.4	10.3 uU/mL Standard Deviation 2.1

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: 12 weeks

Homeostasis model assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) was calculated before and after 12 weeks

Outcome measures

Measure	No Exercise (CON) n=20 Participants Twenty obese adolescent girls. This arm did not perform any exercise training for 12 weeks. Caloric intake: 1921.7 kcal/day	Exercise (EX) n=20 Participants Twenty obese adolescent girls. This arm performed combined exercise training 5 times a week for 12 weeks. Caloric intake: 1921.7 kcal/day Combined Exercise Training: The combined exercise training were consisted with 5 minutes of warm-up, 20 minutes of resistant band exercises (Upper: seated rows, biceps curl, shoulder flexion, elbow flexion, pushup; Lower: hip flexion, hip extension, calf raise, leg press, squat), 30 minutes of treadmill walking, and 5 minutes of cool-down. Intensity of the training was gradually increased from 40-50% heart rate reserve in 1-4 weeks to 60-70% HRR in 9-12 weeks.
Homeostasis Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR)	6.5 HOMA-IR Score Standard Deviation 0.6	1.9 HOMA-IR Score Standard Deviation 0.7

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: 12 weeks

Leptin levels were measured before and after 12 weeks.

Outcome measures

Measure	No Exercise (CON) n=20 Participants Twenty obese adolescent girls. This arm did not perform any exercise training for 12 weeks. Caloric intake: 1921.7 kcal/day	Exercise (EX) n=20 Participants Twenty obese adolescent girls. This arm performed combined exercise training 5 times a week for 12 weeks. Caloric intake: 1921.7 kcal/day Combined Exercise Training: The combined exercise training were consisted with 5 minutes of warm-up, 20 minutes of resistant band exercises (Upper: seated rows, biceps curl, shoulder flexion, elbow flexion, pushup; Lower: hip flexion, hip extension, calf raise, leg press, squat), 30 minutes of treadmill walking, and 5 minutes of cool-down. Intensity of the training was gradually increased from 40-50% heart rate reserve in 1-4 weeks to 60-70% HRR in 9-12 weeks.
Leptin Levels in Nano Grams Per Milliliter	22.5 ng/mL Standard Deviation 2.3	12.8 ng/mL Standard Deviation 1.4

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: 12 weeks

Adiponectin levels were measured before and after the training.

Outcome measures

Measure	No Exercise (CON) n=20 Participants Twenty obese adolescent girls. This arm did not perform any exercise training for 12 weeks. Caloric intake: 1921.7 kcal/day	Exercise (EX) n=20 Participants Twenty obese adolescent girls. This arm performed combined exercise training 5 times a week for 12 weeks. Caloric intake: 1921.7 kcal/day Combined Exercise Training: The combined exercise training were consisted with 5 minutes of warm-up, 20 minutes of resistant band exercises (Upper: seated rows, biceps curl, shoulder flexion, elbow flexion, pushup; Lower: hip flexion, hip extension, calf raise, leg press, squat), 30 minutes of treadmill walking, and 5 minutes of cool-down. Intensity of the training was gradually increased from 40-50% heart rate reserve in 1-4 weeks to 60-70% HRR in 9-12 weeks.
Adiponectin Levels in Micro Grams Per Milliliter	5.7 ug/mL Standard Deviation 0.5	8.5 ug/mL Standard Deviation 0.1

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: 12 weeks

Volume of maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max) was determined using a maximal treadmill test before and after 12 weeks.

Outcome measures

Measure	No Exercise (CON) n=20 Participants Twenty obese adolescent girls. This arm did not perform any exercise training for 12 weeks. Caloric intake: 1921.7 kcal/day	Exercise (EX) n=20 Participants Twenty obese adolescent girls. This arm performed combined exercise training 5 times a week for 12 weeks. Caloric intake: 1921.7 kcal/day Combined Exercise Training: The combined exercise training were consisted with 5 minutes of warm-up, 20 minutes of resistant band exercises (Upper: seated rows, biceps curl, shoulder flexion, elbow flexion, pushup; Lower: hip flexion, hip extension, calf raise, leg press, squat), 30 minutes of treadmill walking, and 5 minutes of cool-down. Intensity of the training was gradually increased from 40-50% heart rate reserve in 1-4 weeks to 60-70% HRR in 9-12 weeks.
Volume of Maximal Oxygen Consumption (VO2max)	26 mL/kg/min of oxygen Standard Deviation 2.1	27 mL/kg/min of oxygen Standard Deviation 1.2

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: 12 weeks

Brachial-ankle Pulse Wave Velocity (m/s) was measured using applanation tonometry before and after 12 weeks.

Outcome measures

Measure	No Exercise (CON) n=20 Participants Twenty obese adolescent girls. This arm did not perform any exercise training for 12 weeks. Caloric intake: 1921.7 kcal/day	Exercise (EX) n=20 Participants Twenty obese adolescent girls. This arm performed combined exercise training 5 times a week for 12 weeks. Caloric intake: 1921.7 kcal/day Combined Exercise Training: The combined exercise training were consisted with 5 minutes of warm-up, 20 minutes of resistant band exercises (Upper: seated rows, biceps curl, shoulder flexion, elbow flexion, pushup; Lower: hip flexion, hip extension, calf raise, leg press, squat), 30 minutes of treadmill walking, and 5 minutes of cool-down. Intensity of the training was gradually increased from 40-50% heart rate reserve in 1-4 weeks to 60-70% HRR in 9-12 weeks.
Arterial Stiffness	8.4 meters per second (m/s) Standard Deviation 1	8.4 meters per second (m/s) Standard Deviation 1

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: 12 weeks

Systolic blood pressure was measured before and after 12 weeks.

Outcome measures

Measure	No Exercise (CON) n=20 Participants Twenty obese adolescent girls. This arm did not perform any exercise training for 12 weeks. Caloric intake: 1921.7 kcal/day	Exercise (EX) n=20 Participants Twenty obese adolescent girls. This arm performed combined exercise training 5 times a week for 12 weeks. Caloric intake: 1921.7 kcal/day Combined Exercise Training: The combined exercise training were consisted with 5 minutes of warm-up, 20 minutes of resistant band exercises (Upper: seated rows, biceps curl, shoulder flexion, elbow flexion, pushup; Lower: hip flexion, hip extension, calf raise, leg press, squat), 30 minutes of treadmill walking, and 5 minutes of cool-down. Intensity of the training was gradually increased from 40-50% heart rate reserve in 1-4 weeks to 60-70% HRR in 9-12 weeks.
Systolic Blood Pressure	124 mmHg Standard Deviation 1.4	120 mmHg Standard Deviation 0.4

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: 12 weeks

Diastolic blood pressure was measured before and after 12 weeks.

Outcome measures

Measure	No Exercise (CON) n=20 Participants Twenty obese adolescent girls. This arm did not perform any exercise training for 12 weeks. Caloric intake: 1921.7 kcal/day	Exercise (EX) n=20 Participants Twenty obese adolescent girls. This arm performed combined exercise training 5 times a week for 12 weeks. Caloric intake: 1921.7 kcal/day Combined Exercise Training: The combined exercise training were consisted with 5 minutes of warm-up, 20 minutes of resistant band exercises (Upper: seated rows, biceps curl, shoulder flexion, elbow flexion, pushup; Lower: hip flexion, hip extension, calf raise, leg press, squat), 30 minutes of treadmill walking, and 5 minutes of cool-down. Intensity of the training was gradually increased from 40-50% heart rate reserve in 1-4 weeks to 60-70% HRR in 9-12 weeks.
Diastolic Blood Pressure	80 mmHg Standard Deviation 2.4	78 mmHg Standard Deviation 1.55

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: 12 weeks

Outcome measures

Measure	No Exercise (CON) n=20 Participants Twenty obese adolescent girls. This arm did not perform any exercise training for 12 weeks. Caloric intake: 1921.7 kcal/day	Exercise (EX) n=20 Participants Twenty obese adolescent girls. This arm performed combined exercise training 5 times a week for 12 weeks. Caloric intake: 1921.7 kcal/day Combined Exercise Training: The combined exercise training were consisted with 5 minutes of warm-up, 20 minutes of resistant band exercises (Upper: seated rows, biceps curl, shoulder flexion, elbow flexion, pushup; Lower: hip flexion, hip extension, calf raise, leg press, squat), 30 minutes of treadmill walking, and 5 minutes of cool-down. Intensity of the training was gradually increased from 40-50% heart rate reserve in 1-4 weeks to 60-70% HRR in 9-12 weeks.
Maximal Heart Rate	202 beats per minute Standard Deviation 4	202 beats per minute Standard Deviation 3

Adverse Events

No Exercise (CON)

Serious events: 0 serious events

Other events: 0 other events

Deaths: 0 deaths

Exercise (EX)

Serious events: 0 serious events

Other events: 0 other events

Deaths: 0 deaths

Serious adverse events

Adverse event data not reported

Other adverse events

Adverse event data not reported

Additional Information

Dr. Song-Young Park

The University of Nebraska at Omaha

Phone: 402-554-3374

Email: song-youngpark@unomaha.edu

Results disclosure agreements

• Principal investigator is a sponsor employee
• Publication restrictions are in place