Gastroschisis Outcomes of Delivery (GOOD) Study

NCT ID: NCT02774746

Last Updated: 2025-11-13

Study Results

Results pending

The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.

Basic Information

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Recruitment Status

RECRUITING

Clinical Phase

NA

Total Enrollment

300 participants

Study Classification

INTERVENTIONAL

Study Start Date

2018-02-23

Study Completion Date

2029-03-31

Brief Summary

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The objective of this study is to investigate the hypothesis that delivery at 35 0/7- 35 6/7 weeks in stable patients with gastroschisis is superior to observation and expectant management with a goal of delivery at 38 0/7 - 38 6/7 weeks. To test this hypothesis, we will complete a randomized, prospective, multi-institutional trial across NAFTNet-affiliated institutions. Patients may be enrolled in the study any time prior to 33 weeks, but will be randomized at 33 weeks to delivery at 35 weeks or observation with a goal of 38 weeks. The primary composite outcome will include stillbirth, neonatal death prior to discharge, respiratory morbidity, and need for parenteral nutrition at 30 days.

Detailed Description

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Gastroschisis is the most common congenital abdominal wall abnormality in which the intestines are outside of body floating in the amniotic fluid. This is diagnosed by prenatal ultrasound at 18-20 weeks gestation. Gastroschisis occurs in 1 out of every 4000 births and the incidence is increasing. The majority of patients with gastroschisis have an uncomplicated neonatal course and recover well after surgical repair. However, subsets of gastroschisis patients have more complicated courses due to loss of intestine or blockages of the intestine These infants have a higher risk of death and long-term morbidity. Additionally, gastroschisis patients have an increased risk of in-utero fetal demise or stillbirth.

The potential risk of pregnancy loss late in the third trimester has prompted some physicians to deliver gastroschisis patients prior to term. This results in an increased chance of additional prematurity-related complications. There is no consensus about the ideal time to deliver a baby with gastroschisis and practice patterns vary widely. It is unclear which offers the fetus a chance at a better outcome: early delivery to mitigate risk of stillbirth and intestinal injury versus delivery closer to term.

Retrospective data published show inconsistent results on outcomes with early delivery or later gestational age delivery in gastroschisis. There have been two randomized, prospective trials with delivery early versus awaiting spontaneous labor. The first included 42 patients rendering the study largely underpowered. There was a trend towards decreased length of hospital stay and earlier time to full enteral feeding in the early delivery group, but this did not reach statistical significance. The latest study was stopped early because of futility and an increased risk of sepsis in the early group. There was no increase in sepsis in the early group in the first trial, and the study design of this trial varies greatly from both studies.

Standard delivery times for uncomplicated gastroschisis are between 34 and 39 weeks gestation. As the current available literature does not adequately answer the question of optimal gestational age of delivery in patients with gastroschisis, the objective of this study is to investigate the hypothesis that delivery at 35 0/7 - 35 6/7 weeks in stable patients with gastroschisis is superior to observation and expectant management with a goal of delivery at 38 0/7 - 38 6/7 weeks. To test this hypothesis, we will complete a randomized, prospective, multi-institutional trial. Patients may be enrolled in the study any time prior to 33 weeks but will be randomized at 33 weeks to delivery at 35 weeks or observation with a goal of 38 weeks. The primary outcome will be based on a weighted composite comprised of intrauterine fetal demise, neonatal/infant death prior to discharge, respiratory morbidity, gastrointestinal morbidity, and sepsis. We will compare the rates of the composite outcome as well as the individual components to determine whether a significant difference between the two strategies can be detected. Secondary maternal outcomes include need for labor induction, need for cesarean section, and complications of delivery including infection, blood transfusions, and thromboembolic events. We will also evaluate antenatal test values, such as amniotic fluid index, estimated fetal weight, and intra- and extra-abdominal bowel dilation. Secondary neonatal outcomes include birth and discharge weight, central venous catheter days, sepsis, intestinal atresia, necrotizing enterocolitis, time to enteral autonomy, individual components of respiratory morbidity, need for caffeine, and length of stay.

Given the unprecedented patient data being collected for the randomized trial, we plan to leverage the infrastructure built for this study to generate the largest prospective, multicenter database of gastroschisis-related (maternal, fetal, and neonatal) outcomes in the United States. The database will provide data for future development of both hypotheses and study design regarding gastroschisis-related outcomes. The associated biobank will collect blood from the neonatal participants to be stored and analyzed in future research.

Conditions

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Gastroschisis

Study Design

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Allocation Method

RANDOMIZED

Intervention Model

PARALLEL

Primary Study Purpose

TREATMENT

Blinding Strategy

NONE

Study Groups

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35-week delivery group

Subjects to be delivered at 35 0/7 weeks through 35 6/7 weeks.

Group Type ACTIVE_COMPARATOR

35-week delivery

Intervention Type OTHER

Induction at 35 weeks gestational age

38-week delivery group

Subjects to be expectantly managed to spontaneous delivery, delivered by 38 0/7 weeks through 38 6/7 weeks.

Group Type ACTIVE_COMPARATOR

38-week delivery

Intervention Type OTHER

Observation to spontaneous delivery or induction at 38 weeks gestational age

Interventions

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35-week delivery

Induction at 35 weeks gestational age

Intervention Type OTHER

38-week delivery

Observation to spontaneous delivery or induction at 38 weeks gestational age

Intervention Type OTHER

Eligibility Criteria

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Inclusion Criteria

To be eligible for study inclusion, subjects are required to meet the following criteria:

1. Speak English or Spanish
2. Age of ≥18 years old
3. Have a diagnosis of an isolated fetal gastroschisis confirmed via sonogram at ≤33 weeks gestation
4. Have a singleton pregnancy
5. Capable of providing written informed consent for study participation
6. Established Estimated Date of Confinement (EDC) prior to 22 0/7 weeks GA by last menstrual period (LMP) with ultrasound confirmation or ultrasound dating when LMP is unknown.

Exclusion Criteria

Subjects will be excluded from enrollment for any of the following criteria

1. Fetal anomaly unrelated to gastroschisis, such as a chromosomal abnormality or another congenital structural abnormality (if known; no additional testing required for research participation)
2. Severe intrauterine growth restriction / fetal growth restriction (defined as growth below the 5th percentile for gestational age)
3. Maternal history of previous stillbirth (intrauterine fetal demise)
4. Maternal history of spontaneous preterm (\<36 weeks) delivery
5. Maternal cervical length \< 25 mm prior to 24 weeks of gestation if documented
6. Maternal hypertension
7. Maternal insulin-dependent diabetes
8. Prenatal care initiated after 24 weeks of gestation
9. An active case of COVID-19 (confirmed by a positive test for COVID-19) that is not recovered (confirmed by a negative test for COVID-19) by the date of randomization
10. Unstable pregnancy defined as meeting any of the following criteria

1. Abnormal amniotic fluid volume defined as oligohydramnios or polyhydramnios where the maximal vertical pocket (MVP) is \< 2 cm or \> 8 cm in the third trimester, respectively
2. Umbilical artery Dopplers with S/D ratio or resistive index (RI) \> 97th percentile for age with or without absent or reversed end diastolic flow
3. Non-stress test (NST) or biophysical profile (BPP) deemed non-reassuring by treating clinician
11. Concurrent enrollment in another study that requires either a treatment or intervention which would either alter the delivery plan or potentially influence the maternal, fetal, and neonatal outcomes of this study
12. Traditional surrogacy, gestational surrogacy, gestational carrier, or gestational surrogate
13. Incapable of providing informed consent
14. Are not their own legally authorized representative.
Minimum Eligible Age

18 Years

Eligible Sex

FEMALE

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Sponsors

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Medical College of Wisconsin

OTHER

Sponsor Role lead

Responsible Party

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Amy Wagner

Professor, Pediatric Surgery

Responsibility Role PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Principal Investigators

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Amy Wagner, MD

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Medical College of Wisconsin

Locations

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Phoenix Children's Hospital

Phoenix, Arizona, United States

Site Status ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING

Loma Linda University Children's Hospital

Loma Linda, California, United States

Site Status RECRUITING

Lucile Packard Children's Hospital Stanford

Stanford, California, United States

Site Status RECRUITING

Children's Hospital of Colorado

Aurora, Colorado, United States

Site Status RECRUITING

Connecticut Children's Medical Center

Hartford, Connecticut, United States

Site Status RECRUITING

Nemours Children's Hospital, Delaware

Wilmington, Delaware, United States

Site Status RECRUITING

University of South Florida & Tampa General Hospital

Tampa, Florida, United States

Site Status RECRUITING

Emory University

Atlanta, Georgia, United States

Site Status RECRUITING

Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago

Chicago, Illinois, United States

Site Status RECRUITING

OSF St. Francis Medical Center

Peoria, Illinois, United States

Site Status RECRUITING

Riley Children's Hospital

Indianapolis, Indiana, United States

Site Status RECRUITING

Norton Healthcare, Inc.

Lousiville, Kentucky, United States

Site Status RECRUITING

University of Maryland, Baltimore

Baltimore, Maryland, United States

Site Status RECRUITING

Johns Hopkins Hospital

Baltimore, Maryland, United States

Site Status RECRUITING

Brigham and Women's Hospital & Boston Children's Hospital

Boston, Massachusetts, United States

Site Status RECRUITING

Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center

Boston, Massachusetts, United States

Site Status RECRUITING

CS Mott Children's & Von Voigtlander Women's Hospital, Michigan Medicine

Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States

Site Status RECRUITING

Children's MN, Midwest Fetal Care Center

Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States

Site Status RECRUITING

Children's Mercy Hospital

Kansas City, Missouri, United States

Site Status RECRUITING

St. Louis University, SSM Health Cardinal Glennon Children's Hospital & SSM Health St. Mary's Hospital

St Louis, Missouri, United States

Site Status RECRUITING

Washington University in St. Louis & St. Louis Children's Hospital

St Louis, Missouri, United States

Site Status RECRUITING

Columbia University Irving Medical Center

New York, New York, United States

Site Status RECRUITING

New York Presbyterian - Weill Cornell Medicine

New York, New York, United States

Site Status RECRUITING

University of Rochester Medical Center

Rochester, New York, United States

Site Status RECRUITING

University of North Carolina Hospitals

Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States

Site Status RECRUITING

Cleveland Clinic

Cleveland, Ohio, United States

Site Status RECRUITING

Oregon Health and Science University

Portland, Oregon, United States

Site Status RECRUITING

Women & Infants Hospital/Rhode Island Hospital (Hasbro Children's)

Providence, Rhode Island, United States

Site Status RECRUITING

Vanderbilt University Medical Center

Nashville, Tennessee, United States

Site Status RECRUITING

Cook Children's Medical Center

Fort Worth, Texas, United States

Site Status RECRUITING

University of Texas Medical Branch Galveston

Galveston, Texas, United States

Site Status RECRUITING

The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston

Houston, Texas, United States

Site Status RECRUITING

The Woman's Hospital of Texas / Obstetrix Maternal-Fetal Medicine Specialists of Houston

Houston, Texas, United States

Site Status RECRUITING

Christus Children's / Baylor College of Medicine

San Antonio, Texas, United States

Site Status RECRUITING

University of Utah & Primary Children's Hospital

Salt Lake City, Utah, United States

Site Status RECRUITING

University of Virginia

Charlottesville, Virginia, United States

Site Status RECRUITING

University of Wisconsin - Madison

Madison, Wisconsin, United States

Site Status RECRUITING

Medical College of Wisconsin & Children's Wisconsin

Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States

Site Status RECRUITING

Countries

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United States

Central Contacts

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Rachel Bailey, BS

Role: CONTACT

Phone: 414-337-7348

Email: [email protected]

Sam Oswald, MS

Role: CONTACT

Phone: 414-337-6725

Email: [email protected]

Facility Contacts

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Ciprian P Georghe, MD

Role: primary

Nikia M Gray-Hutto, RN

Role: backup

Yair J Blumenfeld, MD

Role: primary

Janet Hurtado, BA

Role: backup

Nick Behrendt, MD

Role: primary

Deion Pena, MS

Role: backup

Timothy Chrombleholme, MD

Role: primary

Katie Boyle, MPH

Role: backup

Matthew Boelig, MD

Role: primary

Alexa Turpin

Role: backup

Sarah Običan, MD

Role: primary

Maha S Al Jumaily, MBBS

Role: backup

Heidi Karpen, M.D.

Role: primary

Beatrice Connor, BSN, MScA

Role: backup

Aimen Shaaban, MD

Role: primary

Joy Ito, BSN, RN

Role: backup

Paul M Jeziorczak, MD

Role: primary

Anthony Dwyer, PhD, MS, AHFP

Role: backup

Hiba J Mustafa, MD

Role: primary

Alison Modesitt

Role: backup

Helen How, MD

Role: primary

Christina Waldon, RN

Role: backup

Ozhan Turan, MD, PhD

Role: primary

Suleyman Bozkurt

Role: backup

Angie C Jelin, MD

Role: primary

Laurie Smith

Role: backup

Stephanie H Guseh, MD

Role: primary

Louise E Wilkins-Haug, MD, PhD

Role: backup

Cassandra Duffy, MD

Role: primary

Michele Hacker

Role: backup

Erin E Perrone, MD

Role: primary

Ashly Chimner, BA

Role: backup

Joseph B Lillegard, MD, PhD

Role: primary

Eric A Dion, BA

Role: backup

Inna Lobeck, MD

Role: primary

Ashley Johnson

Role: backup

Chris Buchanan, MD

Role: primary

Amanda Criebaum, MSN, RN

Role: backup

Jesse Vrecenak, MD

Role: primary

Jessica Conway, BSN, RN

Role: backup

Vincent Duron, MD

Role: primary

Jooyoung Paul Park

Role: backup

Jessica Scholl, MD

Role: primary

Ananya Sen

Role: backup

Kathryn J Drennan, MD

Role: primary

Sarah J Caveglia, MPH

Role: backup

William Goodnight, MD, MSCR

Role: primary

Amber Ivins

Role: backup

Amanda Kalan, M.D.

Role: primary

Susan Grendzynski, R.N.

Role: backup

Raphael Sun, MD

Role: primary

Monica Rincon, MD

Role: backup

Francois I Luks, MD, PhD

Role: primary

Debra Watson-Smith, RN

Role: backup

J Newton, MD, PhD

Role: primary

Emily Taylor, NP

Role: backup

David Riley, MD

Role: primary

Alexis Gossett, BSN, RN

Role: backup

Ravi Radhakrishnan, MD, MBA

Role: primary

Allison Speer, MD

Role: primary

Elisa I Garcia, BSN, RN

Role: backup

Kaashif Ahmad, MD

Role: primary

Rebekah Freeman

Role: backup

Reinaldo Acosta, MD

Role: primary

Donna Rodney

Role: backup

Stephen J Fenton, MD

Role: primary

Kezlyn Larsen, BS

Role: backup

Christopher Ennen, MD

Role: primary

Amanda Urban

Role: backup

Michael Beninati, MD

Role: primary

Amy Wagner, MD

Role: primary

Rachel Bailey

Role: backup

Other Identifiers

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898740-1

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id