Adaptive Interventions for Minimally Verbal Children With ASD in the Community
NCT ID: NCT01751698
Last Updated: 2024-06-14
Study Results
The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.
Basic Information
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COMPLETED
NA
192 participants
INTERVENTIONAL
2013-01-31
2017-12-31
Brief Summary
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Detailed Description
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* CORE-DTT is based on behavioral learning theory in which communication and related skills are taught through systematic direct instruction. The goal of CORE-DTT is to help children be successful in learning communication skills by breaking these skills down into small steps, providing systematic direct instruction on each step, and reinforcing children (e.g., with praise or access to preferred items) for demonstrating skills. Imitation and attention skills are a main focus early in intervention. DTT is the most common evidence-based approach for teaching children with ASD, and is often considered the closest to a 'standard of practice' for the field. The participants in the proposed study will have had at least 1 year of previous intervention, likely in an ABA program with DTT as a main strategy. While many children will have been exposed to DTT prior to entering this trial, it is important to insure that children (a) receive quality DTT, and (b) have exposure to CORE elements related to language learning, specifically joint attention and requesting gestures, in order to make the comparison with JASP-EMT.
* JASP-EMT is a developmentally anchored behavioral intervention that assumes that communication develops from social interactions in which specific social engagement strategies, symbolic representations, and early communication forms are modeled and naturally reinforced by adult partner responses to the child. The goal of JASP-EMT is to increase (a) joint engagement, (b) initiating joint attention gestures, (c) social play involving objects and persons, and (d) verbal and nonverbal communication by facilitating meaningful social interactions. The social interaction foundation of JASP-EMT is critical. Modeling and expansions of communicative behaviors and play are used strategically within meaningful social interactions with therapists and caregivers. For minimally verbal children with autism, meaningful social interaction is essential for establishing the platform on which language input and development will be built.
Conditions
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Study Design
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RANDOMIZED
PARALLEL
TREATMENT
SINGLE
Study Groups
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JASP-EMT
JASP-EMT (Joint Attention, Symbolic Play and Enhanced Milieu Teaching) focuses on creating a context for joint engagement within naturally occurring child-led play routines. There is evidence of the effects of these interventions with children with ASD, and pilot data showing effects with minimally verbal children.
JASP-EMT
JASP-EMT is a developmentally anchored behavioral intervention that assumes that communication develops from social interactions in which specific social engagement strategies, symbolic representations, and early communication forms are modeled and naturally reinforced by adult partner responses to the child. The goal of JASP-EMT is to increase (a) joint engagement, (b) initiating joint attention gestures, (c) social play involving objects and persons, and (d) verbal and nonverbal communication by facilitating meaningful social interactions. The social interaction foundation of JASP-EMT is critical. Modeling and expansions of communicative behaviors and play are used strategically within meaningful social interactions with therapists and caregivers.
DTT
CORE-DTT (discrete trial training for core features of ASD) emphasizes didactic adult-led instruction and is considered the current evidenced-based 'standard of care' for children with autism (NRC, 2001).
DTT
CORE-DTT is based on behavioral learning theory in which communication and related skills are taught through systematic direct instruction. The goal of CORE-DTT is to help children be successful in learning communication skills by breaking these skills down into small steps, providing systematic direct instruction on each step, and reinforcing children (e.g., with praise or access to preferred items) for demonstrating skills. Imitation and attention skills are a main focus early in intervention. DTT is the most common evidence-based approach for teaching children with ASD, and is often considered the closest to a 'standard of practice' for the field.
Interventions
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JASP-EMT
JASP-EMT is a developmentally anchored behavioral intervention that assumes that communication develops from social interactions in which specific social engagement strategies, symbolic representations, and early communication forms are modeled and naturally reinforced by adult partner responses to the child. The goal of JASP-EMT is to increase (a) joint engagement, (b) initiating joint attention gestures, (c) social play involving objects and persons, and (d) verbal and nonverbal communication by facilitating meaningful social interactions. The social interaction foundation of JASP-EMT is critical. Modeling and expansions of communicative behaviors and play are used strategically within meaningful social interactions with therapists and caregivers.
DTT
CORE-DTT is based on behavioral learning theory in which communication and related skills are taught through systematic direct instruction. The goal of CORE-DTT is to help children be successful in learning communication skills by breaking these skills down into small steps, providing systematic direct instruction on each step, and reinforcing children (e.g., with praise or access to preferred items) for demonstrating skills. Imitation and attention skills are a main focus early in intervention. DTT is the most common evidence-based approach for teaching children with ASD, and is often considered the closest to a 'standard of practice' for the field.
Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria
* At least 4 years, 6 months old, and not older than 8 years, 0 months
* Displays less than 20 spontaneous, unique, and socially communicative words during screening assessments
* At least 18 months developmental age
* Currently in school
Exclusion Criteria
* Poorly controlled seizures
54 Months
96 Months
ALL
No
Sponsors
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Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD)
NIH
University of California, Los Angeles
OTHER
Responsible Party
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Connie Kasari, Ph.D.
Principal Investigator
Principal Investigators
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Connie Kasari, PhD
Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
University of California, Los Angeles
Ann Kaiser, PhD
Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
Vanderbilt University
Tristram Smith, PhD
Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
University of Rochester
Catherine Lord, PhD
Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
Weill Medical College of Cornell University
Locations
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University of California, Los Angeles
Los Angeles, California, United States
University of Rochester
Rochester, New York, United States
Weill Cornell Medical College
White Plains, New York, United States
Vanderbilt University
Nashville, Tennessee, United States
Countries
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References
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Kasari C, Paparella T, Freeman S, Jahromi LB. Language outcome in autism: randomized comparison of joint attention and play interventions. J Consult Clin Psychol. 2008 Feb;76(1):125-37. doi: 10.1037/0022-006X.76.1.125.
Kasari C, Freeman S, Paparella T. Joint attention and symbolic play in young children with autism: a randomized controlled intervention study. J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 2006 Jun;47(6):611-20. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-7610.2005.01567.x.
Kaiser AP, Roberts MY. Parent-implemented enhanced milieu teaching with preschool children who have intellectual disabilities. J Speech Lang Hear Res. 2013 Feb;56(1):295-309. doi: 10.1044/1092-4388(2012/11-0231). Epub 2012 Jun 28.
Roberts MY, Kaiser AP. Assessing the effects of a parent-implemented language intervention for children with language impairments using empirical benchmarks: a pilot study. J Speech Lang Hear Res. 2012 Dec;55(6):1655-70. doi: 10.1044/1092-4388(2012/11-0236). Epub 2012 Apr 5.
Smith T, Scahill L, Dawson G, Guthrie D, Lord C, Odom S, Rogers S, Wagner A. Designing research studies on psychosocial interventions in autism. J Autism Dev Disord. 2007 Feb;37(2):354-66. doi: 10.1007/s10803-006-0173-3.
Lord C, Wagner A, Rogers S, Szatmari P, Aman M, Charman T, Dawson G, Durand VM, Grossman L, Guthrie D, Harris S, Kasari C, Marcus L, Murphy S, Odom S, Pickles A, Scahill L, Shaw E, Siegel B, Sigman M, Stone W, Smith T, Yoder P. Challenges in evaluating psychosocial interventions for Autistic Spectrum Disorders. J Autism Dev Disord. 2005 Dec;35(6):695-708; discussion 709-11. doi: 10.1007/s10803-005-0017-6.
Pickett E, Pullara O, O'Grady J, Gordon B. Speech acquisition in older nonverbal individuals with autism: a review of features, methods, and prognosis. Cogn Behav Neurol. 2009 Mar;22(1):1-21. doi: 10.1097/WNN.0b013e318190d185.
Kidwell KM, Seewald NJ, Tran Q, Kasari C, Almirall D. Design and Analysis Considerations for Comparing Dynamic Treatment Regimens with Binary Outcomes from Sequential Multiple Assignment Randomized Trials. J Appl Stat. 2018;45:1628-1651. doi: 10.1080/02664763.2017.1386773. Epub 2017 Oct 12.
Almirall D, Kasari C, McCaffrey DF, Nahum-Shani I. Developing Optimized Adaptive Interventions in Education. J Res Educ Eff. 2018;11(1):27-34. doi: 10.1080/19345747.2017.1407136. Epub 2017 Nov 29.
Lu X, Nahum-Shani I, Kasari C, Lynch KG, Oslin DW, Pelham WE, Fabiano G, Almirall D. Comparing dynamic treatment regimes using repeated-measures outcomes: modeling considerations in SMART studies. Stat Med. 2016 May 10;35(10):1595-615. doi: 10.1002/sim.6819. Epub 2015 Dec 6.
Kasari C. Update on behavioral interventions for autism and developmental disabilities. Curr Opin Neurol. 2015 Apr;28(2):124-9. doi: 10.1097/WCO.0000000000000185.
Kasari C, Shire S, Shih W, Landa R, Levato L, Smith T. Spoken language outcomes in limited language preschoolers with autism and global developmental delay: RCT of early intervention approaches. Autism Res. 2023 Jun;16(6):1236-1246. doi: 10.1002/aur.2932. Epub 2023 Apr 18.
Sterrett K, Holbrook A, Landa R, Kaiser A, Kasari C. The effect of responsiveness to speech-generating device input on spoken language in children with autism spectrum disorder who are minimally verbaldagger. Augment Altern Commun. 2023 Mar;39(1):23-32. doi: 10.1080/07434618.2022.2120070. Epub 2022 Oct 20.
Toolan C, Holbrook A, Schlink A, Shire S, Brady N, Kasari C. Using the Clinical Global Impression scale to assess social communication change in minimally verbal children with autism spectrum disorder. Autism Res. 2022 Feb;15(2):284-295. doi: 10.1002/aur.2638. Epub 2021 Nov 19.
Harrop C, Sterrett K, Shih W, Landa R, Kaiser A, Kasari C. Short-term trajectories of restricted and repetitive behaviors in minimally verbal children with autism spectrum disorder. Autism Res. 2021 Aug;14(8):1789-1799. doi: 10.1002/aur.2528. Epub 2021 May 7.
Harrop C, Tu N, Landa R, Kasier A, Kasari C. Sensory Behaviors in Minimally Verbal Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder: How and When Do Caregivers Respond? Am J Intellect Dev Disabil. 2018 Jan;123(1):1-16. doi: 10.1352/1944-7558-123.1.1.
Kasari C, Sturm A, Shih W. SMARTer Approach to Personalizing Intervention for Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder. J Speech Lang Hear Res. 2018 Nov 8;61(11):2629-2640. doi: 10.1044/2018_JSLHR-L-RSAUT-18-0029.
Chang YC, Shih W, Landa R, Kaiser A, Kasari C. Symbolic Play in School-Aged Minimally Verbal Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder. J Autism Dev Disord. 2018 May;48(5):1436-1445. doi: 10.1007/s10803-017-3388-6.
Almirall D, DiStefano C, Chang YC, Shire S, Kaiser A, Lu X, Nahum-Shani I, Landa R, Mathy P, Kasari C. Longitudinal Effects of Adaptive Interventions With a Speech-Generating Device in Minimally Verbal Children With ASD. J Clin Child Adolesc Psychol. 2016 Jul-Aug;45(4):442-56. doi: 10.1080/15374416.2016.1138407. Epub 2016 Mar 8.
Kasari C, Kaiser A, Goods K, Nietfeld J, Mathy P, Landa R, Murphy S, Almirall D. Communication interventions for minimally verbal children with autism: a sequential multiple assignment randomized trial. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2014 Jun;53(6):635-46. doi: 10.1016/j.jaac.2014.01.019. Epub 2014 Mar 12.
Pizzano M, Shire S, Shih W, Levato L, Landa R, Lord C, Smith T, Kasari C. Profiles of minimally verbal autistic children: Illuminating the neglected end of the spectrum. Autism Res. 2024 Jun;17(6):1218-1229. doi: 10.1002/aur.3151. Epub 2024 May 27.
Kasari C, Shire S, Shih W, Kaiser A, Lord C, Levato L, Smith T, Almirall D. Adaptive Intervention for School-Age, Minimally Verbal Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder in the Community: Primary Aim Results. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2025 Jun;64(6):674-685. doi: 10.1016/j.jaac.2024.10.020. Epub 2025 Jan 24.
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