Trial Outcomes & Findings for Comparison Study of the Glycemic Effects, Safety, and Tolerability of Exenatide Once Weekly Suspension to Sitagliptin and Placebo in Subjects With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (NCT NCT01652729)

NCT ID: NCT01652729

Last Updated: 2015-08-20

Results Overview

Absolute change in HbA1c from baseline (Day 1, Visit 3) to Week 28/Study Termination (Visit 11). Hypothesis testing on the primary endpoint followed a serial gated procedure with all tests carried out at a 2-sided significance level of 0.05 to protect the family-wise error rate. These tests were conducted sequentially, and are presented in the statistical analysis section below in the order in which they were performed; each test was the gatekeeper of later tests.

Recruitment status

COMPLETED

Study phase

PHASE3

Target enrollment

365 participants

Primary outcome timeframe

Baseline to Week 28

Results posted on

2015-08-20

Participant Flow

Subjects were randomly assigned across 3 treatment groups (exenatide, sitagliptin, and placebo) in a ratio of 3:2:1, with randomization stratified by screening HbA1c stratum (\< 9% or 9%).

Participant milestones

Participant milestones
Measure
Experimental: Exenatide
Exenatide once weekly suspension 2mg subcutaneous injection
Active Comparator: Sitagliptin
Sitagliptin 100mg oral tablet once daily
Placebo Comparator: Placebo
Placebo oral tablet once daily
Overall Study
STARTED
182
122
61
Overall Study
Modified Intent-to-Treat
181
122
61
Overall Study
Treated
181
122
61
Overall Study
Evaluable
143
91
43
Overall Study
Meal Test Subjects
60
41
20
Overall Study
Meal Test Evaluable
44
31
15
Overall Study
COMPLETED
155
109
47
Overall Study
NOT COMPLETED
27
13
14

Reasons for withdrawal

Reasons for withdrawal
Measure
Experimental: Exenatide
Exenatide once weekly suspension 2mg subcutaneous injection
Active Comparator: Sitagliptin
Sitagliptin 100mg oral tablet once daily
Placebo Comparator: Placebo
Placebo oral tablet once daily
Overall Study
Withdrawal by Subject
14
7
7
Overall Study
Adverse Event
4
0
3
Overall Study
Physician Decision
1
0
1
Overall Study
Protocol Violation
1
0
0
Overall Study
Lost to Follow-up
6
6
3
Overall Study
Administrative
1
0
0

Baseline Characteristics

Comparison Study of the Glycemic Effects, Safety, and Tolerability of Exenatide Once Weekly Suspension to Sitagliptin and Placebo in Subjects With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Baseline characteristics by cohort

Baseline characteristics by cohort
Measure
Experimental: Exenatide
n=181 Participants
Exenatide once weekly suspension 2mg subcutaneous injection
Active Comparator: Sitagliptin
n=122 Participants
Sitagliptin 100mg oral tablet once daily
Placebo Comparator: Placebo
n=61 Participants
Placebo oral tablet once daily
Total
n=364 Participants
Total of all reporting groups
Age, Continuous
53.4 Years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 9.82 • n=5 Participants
54.3 Years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 9.01 • n=7 Participants
53.4 Years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 9.48 • n=5 Participants
53.7 Years
STANDARD_DEVIATION 9.49 • n=4 Participants
Age, Customized
<65 years
154 Participants
n=5 Participants
106 Participants
n=7 Participants
54 Participants
n=5 Participants
314 Participants
n=4 Participants
Age, Customized
>=65 years
27 Participants
n=5 Participants
16 Participants
n=7 Participants
7 Participants
n=5 Participants
50 Participants
n=4 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Female
92 Participants
n=5 Participants
56 Participants
n=7 Participants
24 Participants
n=5 Participants
172 Participants
n=4 Participants
Sex: Female, Male
Male
89 Participants
n=5 Participants
66 Participants
n=7 Participants
37 Participants
n=5 Participants
192 Participants
n=4 Participants
Race/Ethnicity, Customized
White
148 Participants
n=5 Participants
98 Participants
n=7 Participants
50 Participants
n=5 Participants
296 Participants
n=4 Participants
Race/Ethnicity, Customized
Black or African American
24 Participants
n=5 Participants
18 Participants
n=7 Participants
7 Participants
n=5 Participants
49 Participants
n=4 Participants
Race/Ethnicity, Customized
Asian
9 Participants
n=5 Participants
2 Participants
n=7 Participants
3 Participants
n=5 Participants
14 Participants
n=4 Participants
Race/Ethnicity, Customized
American Indian or Alaska Native
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
2 Participants
n=7 Participants
1 Participants
n=5 Participants
3 Participants
n=4 Participants
Race/Ethnicity, Customized
Other
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
1 Participants
n=7 Participants
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
1 Participants
n=4 Participants
Race/Ethnicity, Customized
Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
1 Participants
n=7 Participants
0 Participants
n=5 Participants
1 Participants
n=4 Participants
Race/Ethnicity, Customized
Hispanic or Latino
111 Participants
n=5 Participants
77 Participants
n=7 Participants
32 Participants
n=5 Participants
220 Participants
n=4 Participants
Race/Ethnicity, Customized
Not Hispanic or Latino
70 Participants
n=5 Participants
45 Participants
n=7 Participants
29 Participants
n=5 Participants
144 Participants
n=4 Participants
Weight
89.15 kg
STANDARD_DEVIATION 21.413 • n=5 Participants
88.09 kg
STANDARD_DEVIATION 20.282 • n=7 Participants
88.95 kg
STANDARD_DEVIATION 20.136 • n=5 Participants
88.76 kg
STANDARD_DEVIATION 20.778 • n=4 Participants
Baseline HbA1c
8.42 percentage of total hemoglobin
STANDARD_DEVIATION 0.997 • n=5 Participants
8.50 percentage of total hemoglobin
STANDARD_DEVIATION 1.043 • n=7 Participants
8.50 percentage of total hemoglobin
STANDARD_DEVIATION 1.043 • n=5 Participants
8.46 percentage of total hemoglobin
STANDARD_DEVIATION 1.018 • n=4 Participants
HbA1c Stratum
< 9.0%
125 participants
n=5 Participants
83 participants
n=7 Participants
42 participants
n=5 Participants
250 participants
n=4 Participants
HbA1c Stratum
>= 9.0%
56 participants
n=5 Participants
39 participants
n=7 Participants
19 participants
n=5 Participants
114 participants
n=4 Participants
Fasting Plasma Glucose
178.0 mg/dL
STANDARD_DEVIATION 46.64 • n=5 Participants
176.9 mg/dL
STANDARD_DEVIATION 42.50 • n=7 Participants
172.8 mg/dL
STANDARD_DEVIATION 44.31 • n=5 Participants
176.8 mg/dL
STANDARD_DEVIATION 44.82 • n=4 Participants

PRIMARY outcome

Timeframe: Baseline to Week 28

Population: Modified Intent-to-Treat: Subjects who were randomized and received at least one dose of study drug.

Absolute change in HbA1c from baseline (Day 1, Visit 3) to Week 28/Study Termination (Visit 11). Hypothesis testing on the primary endpoint followed a serial gated procedure with all tests carried out at a 2-sided significance level of 0.05 to protect the family-wise error rate. These tests were conducted sequentially, and are presented in the statistical analysis section below in the order in which they were performed; each test was the gatekeeper of later tests.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Experimental: Exenatide
n=181 Participants
Exenatide once weekly suspension 2mg subcutaneous injection
Active Comparator: Sitagliptin
n=122 Participants
Sitagliptin 100mg oral tablet once daily
Placebo Comparator: Placebo
n=61 Participants
Placebo oral tablet once daily
Change in HbA1c (Glycosylated Hemoglobin) From Baseline to Week 28
-1.13 percentage of total hemoglobin
Standard Error 0.1093
-0.75 percentage of total hemoglobin
Standard Error 0.1324
-0.40 percentage of total hemoglobin
Standard Error 0.1945

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Baseline to Week 28

Population: Modified Intent-to-Treat: Subjects who were randomized and received at least one dose of study drug.

Percentage of subjects achieving HbA1c target values of \< 7.0% at Week 28/Study Termination.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Experimental: Exenatide
n=181 Participants
Exenatide once weekly suspension 2mg subcutaneous injection
Active Comparator: Sitagliptin
n=122 Participants
Sitagliptin 100mg oral tablet once daily
Placebo Comparator: Placebo
n=61 Participants
Placebo oral tablet once daily
Percentage of Subjects Achieving HbA1c <7% at Week 28
Baseline Yes
3.3 percentage of subjects
1.6 percentage of subjects
3.3 percentage of subjects
Percentage of Subjects Achieving HbA1c <7% at Week 28
Baseline No
96.7 percentage of subjects
98.4 percentage of subjects
96.7 percentage of subjects
Percentage of Subjects Achieving HbA1c <7% at Week 28
Week 28 Yes
43.1 percentage of subjects
32.0 percentage of subjects
24.6 percentage of subjects
Percentage of Subjects Achieving HbA1c <7% at Week 28
Week 28 No
56.9 percentage of subjects
68.0 percentage of subjects
75.4 percentage of subjects

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Baseline to Week 28

Population: Modified Intent-to-Treat: Subjects who were randomized and received at least one dose of study drug.

The change in fasting plasma glucose concentrations from baseline (Day 1) to Week 28/Study Termination.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Experimental: Exenatide
n=181 Participants
Exenatide once weekly suspension 2mg subcutaneous injection
Active Comparator: Sitagliptin
n=122 Participants
Sitagliptin 100mg oral tablet once daily
Placebo Comparator: Placebo
n=61 Participants
Placebo oral tablet once daily
Change in Fasting Plasma Glucose Concentrations From Baseline to Week 28
-21.3 mg/dL
Standard Error 3.864
-11.3 mg/dL
Standard Error 4.617
9.6 mg/dL
Standard Error 7.097

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Baseline to Week 28

Population: Modified Intent-to-Treat: Subjects who were randomized and received at least one dose of study drug.

The change in body weight (kg) from baseline (Day 1) to Week 28/Study Termination.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Experimental: Exenatide
n=181 Participants
Exenatide once weekly suspension 2mg subcutaneous injection
Active Comparator: Sitagliptin
n=122 Participants
Sitagliptin 100mg oral tablet once daily
Placebo Comparator: Placebo
n=61 Participants
Placebo oral tablet once daily
Change in Body Weight (kg) From Baseline to Week 28
-1.12 kg
Standard Error 0.2592
-1.19 kg
Standard Error 0.3134
0.15 kg
Standard Error 0.4767

SECONDARY outcome

Timeframe: Baseline to Week 16

Population: Meal Test Evaluable Population: The Meal Test Evaluable Population consists of all modified ITT subjects who participated in the meal test, consumed at least 75% of the standardized meal and had no missing 2-hour postprandial glucose measurements at both Visit 3 (Day 1) and Visit 8 (Week 16), and have adequate study drug exposure.

The change in 2-hour postprandial plasma glucose from baseline (Day 1) to Visit 8 (Week 16) was analyzed using a general linear model including treatment, and baseline HbA1c stratum (\< 9% or ≥ 9%) as fixed factors, and the baseline 2-hour postprandial plasma glucose concentrations as a covariate.

Outcome measures

Outcome measures
Measure
Experimental: Exenatide
n=44 Participants
Exenatide once weekly suspension 2mg subcutaneous injection
Active Comparator: Sitagliptin
n=31 Participants
Sitagliptin 100mg oral tablet once daily
Placebo Comparator: Placebo
n=15 Participants
Placebo oral tablet once daily
Change in 2-hour Postprandial Glucose Concentrations From Baseline to Week 16 (Visit 8)
-59.57 mg/dL
Standard Error 10.48
-23.61 mg/dL
Standard Error 13.04
-38.68 mg/dL
Standard Error 16.98

Adverse Events

Experimental: Exenatide

Serious events: 5 serious events
Other events: 31 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths

Active Comparator: Sitagliptin

Serious events: 0 serious events
Other events: 2 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths

Placebo Comparator: Placebo

Serious events: 2 serious events
Other events: 4 other events
Deaths: 0 deaths

Serious adverse events

Serious adverse events
Measure
Experimental: Exenatide
n=181 participants at risk
Exenatide once weekly suspension 2mg subcutaneous injection
Active Comparator: Sitagliptin
n=122 participants at risk
Sitagliptin 100mg oral tablet once daily
Placebo Comparator: Placebo
n=61 participants at risk
Placebo oral tablet once daily
Gastrointestinal disorders
Abdominal Hernia Obstructive
0.55%
1/181 • Number of events 1
0.00%
0/122
0.00%
0/61
Gastrointestinal disorders
Diarrhoea
0.55%
1/181 • Number of events 1
0.00%
0/122
0.00%
0/61
Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders
Rheumatoid Arthritis
0.55%
1/181 • Number of events 1
0.00%
0/122
0.00%
0/61
Neoplasms benign, malignant and unspecified (incl cysts and polyps)
Breast Cancer
0.55%
1/181 • Number of events 1
0.00%
0/122
0.00%
0/61
Nervous system disorders
Brain Stem Infarction
0.55%
1/181 • Number of events 1
0.00%
0/122
0.00%
0/61
Cardiac disorders
Acute Myocardial Infarction
0.00%
0/181
0.00%
0/122
1.6%
1/61 • Number of events 1
Cardiac disorders
Coronary Artery Disease
0.00%
0/181
0.00%
0/122
1.6%
1/61 • Number of events 1
Injury, poisoning and procedural complications
Fall
0.00%
0/181
0.00%
0/122
1.6%
1/61 • Number of events 1

Other adverse events

Other adverse events
Measure
Experimental: Exenatide
n=181 participants at risk
Exenatide once weekly suspension 2mg subcutaneous injection
Active Comparator: Sitagliptin
n=122 participants at risk
Sitagliptin 100mg oral tablet once daily
Placebo Comparator: Placebo
n=61 participants at risk
Placebo oral tablet once daily
Gastrointestinal disorders
Nausea
8.8%
16/181 • Number of events 18
1.6%
2/122 • Number of events 2
0.00%
0/61
General disorders
Injection Site Nodule
7.7%
14/181 • Number of events 19
0.00%
0/122
0.00%
0/61
Infections and infestations
Nasopharyngitis
0.55%
1/181 • Number of events 1
0.00%
0/122
6.6%
4/61 • Number of events 4

Additional Information

Results disclosure agreements

  • Principal investigator is a sponsor employee
  • Publication restrictions are in place

Restriction type: LTE60