Bridges to the Future: Economic Empowerment for AIDS-Orphaned Children in Uganda

NCT ID: NCT01447615

Last Updated: 2018-10-12

Study Results

Results pending

The study team has not published outcome measurements, participant flow, or safety data for this trial yet. Check back later for updates.

Basic Information

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Recruitment Status

COMPLETED

Clinical Phase

NA

Total Enrollment

1410 participants

Study Classification

INTERVENTIONAL

Study Start Date

2012-02-29

Study Completion Date

2018-01-15

Brief Summary

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Bridges to the Future: Economic Empowerment for AIDS-Orphaned Children in Uganda, represents the first study that measures medium-term efficacy and cost-effectiveness of a family economic empowerment intervention for AIDS-orphaned children. The usual care provided to AIDS orphans in sub-Saharan Africa consists mainly of informal counseling as well as limited material support (e.g., specifically school lunches, textbooks for the required subjects, and note-books). Given the challenges facing these children and their caregivers, further supports are needed in order to help them successfully make the transition from primary school to secondary school and into adolescence. In the context of resource-poor countries, interventions that improve families' economic capabilities are likely to be particularly consequential. Both theory and prior research indicate that economic instability (including poverty) constitutes one of the primary risk factors for AIDS-orphaned children's risk-taking behaviors (including sexual risk-taking), poor mental health functioning, and poor educational outcomes. Thus, the lack of economic security constitutes an important risk factor for AIDS-orphaned children. Yet, to-date, few interventions aimed at care and support of AIDS-orphaned children have incorporated components to address family-level poverty/economic instability of the children and their caregiving families. Within this context, there is a need for innovative interventions that promote sustainable (more than short-term) economic and behavior change among AIDS-orphaned children and create the supports necessary to sustain these changes.

Detailed Description

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The overall goal of the proposed research is to evaluate the efficacy and cost-effectiveness of an innovative family-based economic empowerment intervention for AIDS-orphaned children. This will be accomplished via a three-group cluster randomized control trial (RCT). The three groups are: Bridges, Bridges PLUS, and usual care for AIDS-orphaned children. There will be five assessment points: baseline (pretest), 12, 24, 36, and 48-months post-intervention initiation.

The intervention, "Bridges to the Future" (Bridges) will be guided by asset-theory and both Bridges and Bridges PLUS will include the following intervention components tested in the two earlier pilot studies, SEED-Uganda and SUUBI-Uganda: 1) workshops focused on asset building, future planning, and protection from risks; 2) mentors to reinforce learning and build optimism; 3) a Child Development Account (CDA) that can be used for secondary education by the AIDS-orphaned child; and 4) a family income generating/micro-enterprise promotion component for children enrolled in Bridges and Bridges PLUS, and their families.

Conditions

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Poverty Orphaned Children AIDS Orphans

Study Design

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Allocation Method

RANDOMIZED

Intervention Model

PARALLEL

Primary Study Purpose

SUPPORTIVE_CARE

Blinding Strategy

NONE

Study Groups

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Bridges

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

Bridges

Intervention Type BEHAVIORAL

Each child participant in the Bridges Arm will receive the usual care in addition to a Child Development Account (CDA) to be used for secondary education by the AIDS-orphaned child. The CDA will be a matched savings account held in the child's name in a financial institution registered by the Central Bank (Bank of Uganda). The account will be matched with money from the program at a match rate of 1:1. Additionally, participants will receive: 1) twelve 1-2 hour workshops focused on asset building, future planning, and protection from risks; 2) mentorship sessions to reinforce learning and build optimism; and 3) a family income-generating /micro-enterprise promotion component for children enrolled in Bridges and their families.

Usual Care

Intervention Type OTHER

Participants in the usual care condition will receive usual care for AIDS-orphaned children in the study area. This includes: counseling, school lunches, and scholastic materials (textbooks and notebooks). Counseling will be provided by priests in the community (as is currently done).

Bridges PLUS

Group Type EXPERIMENTAL

Bridges PLUS

Intervention Type BEHAVIORAL

Each child participant in the Bridges PLUS Arm will receive the usual care in addition to a Child Development Account (CDA) to be used for secondary education by the AIDS-orphaned child. The CDA will be a matched savings account held in the child's name in a financial institution registered by the Central Bank (Bank of Uganda). The account will be matched with money from the program at a match rate of 2:1. Additionally, participants will receive: 1) twelve 1-2 hour workshops focused on asset building, future planning, and protection from risks; 2) mentorship sessions to reinforce learning and build optimism; and 3) a family income-generating /micro-enterprise promotion component for children enrolled in Bridges PLUS and their families.

Usual Care

Intervention Type OTHER

Participants in the usual care condition will receive usual care for AIDS-orphaned children in the study area. This includes: counseling, school lunches, and scholastic materials (textbooks and notebooks). Counseling will be provided by priests in the community (as is currently done).

Usual Care

Group Type OTHER

Usual Care

Intervention Type OTHER

Participants in the usual care condition will receive usual care for AIDS-orphaned children in the study area. This includes: counseling, school lunches, and scholastic materials (textbooks and notebooks). Counseling will be provided by priests in the community (as is currently done).

Interventions

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Bridges

Each child participant in the Bridges Arm will receive the usual care in addition to a Child Development Account (CDA) to be used for secondary education by the AIDS-orphaned child. The CDA will be a matched savings account held in the child's name in a financial institution registered by the Central Bank (Bank of Uganda). The account will be matched with money from the program at a match rate of 1:1. Additionally, participants will receive: 1) twelve 1-2 hour workshops focused on asset building, future planning, and protection from risks; 2) mentorship sessions to reinforce learning and build optimism; and 3) a family income-generating /micro-enterprise promotion component for children enrolled in Bridges and their families.

Intervention Type BEHAVIORAL

Bridges PLUS

Each child participant in the Bridges PLUS Arm will receive the usual care in addition to a Child Development Account (CDA) to be used for secondary education by the AIDS-orphaned child. The CDA will be a matched savings account held in the child's name in a financial institution registered by the Central Bank (Bank of Uganda). The account will be matched with money from the program at a match rate of 2:1. Additionally, participants will receive: 1) twelve 1-2 hour workshops focused on asset building, future planning, and protection from risks; 2) mentorship sessions to reinforce learning and build optimism; and 3) a family income-generating /micro-enterprise promotion component for children enrolled in Bridges PLUS and their families.

Intervention Type BEHAVIORAL

Usual Care

Participants in the usual care condition will receive usual care for AIDS-orphaned children in the study area. This includes: counseling, school lunches, and scholastic materials (textbooks and notebooks). Counseling will be provided by priests in the community (as is currently done).

Intervention Type OTHER

Other Intervention Names

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Child Development Account Child Development Account Usual Services

Eligibility Criteria

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Inclusion Criteria

* An HIV/AIDS-orphaned child (a child who has lost one or both parents to HIV/AIDS)
* Enrolled in grade 5 or 6 of primary school
* Living within a family

Exclusion Criteria

* Any child who does not self-identify as an HIV/AIDS-orphan
* Any child who is not enrolled in grade 5 or 6 of primary school
* Any child who is not living within a family at the time of enrollment
Minimum Eligible Age

11 Years

Maximum Eligible Age

17 Years

Eligible Sex

ALL

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Sponsors

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Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD)

NIH

Sponsor Role collaborator

Columbia University

OTHER

Sponsor Role lead

Responsible Party

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Fred Ssewamala, PhD

Associate Professor

Responsibility Role PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Principal Investigators

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Fred M Ssewamala, PhD

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Columbia University

Locations

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International Center for Child Health and Asset Development

Masaka, Rakai and Masaka Districts, Uganda

Site Status

Countries

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Uganda

References

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Nabayinda J, Kizito S, Nabunya P, Namuyaba OI, Ssentumbwe V, Bahar OS, Torstein N, McKay M, Ssewamala FM. The Impact of an Economic Empowerment Intervention on Economic Security among AIDS-Orphaned Adolescents in Southern Uganda: the Moderating Role of Depression. AIDS Behav. 2025 Aug 14. doi: 10.1007/s10461-025-04862-0. Online ahead of print.

Reference Type DERIVED
PMID: 40810883 (View on PubMed)

Ssewamala FM, Shu-Huah Wang J, Brathwaite R, Sun S, Mayo-Wilson LJ, Neilands TB, Brooks-Gunn J. Impact of a Family Economic Intervention (Bridges) on Health Functioning of Adolescents Orphaned by HIV/AIDS: A 5-Year (2012-2017) Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial in Uganda. Am J Public Health. 2021 Mar;111(3):504-513. doi: 10.2105/AJPH.2020.306044. Epub 2021 Jan 21.

Reference Type DERIVED
PMID: 33476237 (View on PubMed)

Nabunya P, Padgett D, Ssewamala FM, Courtney ME, Neilands T. Examining the nonkin support networks of orphaned adolescents participating in a family-based economic-strengthening intervention in Uganda. J Community Psychol. 2019 Apr;47(3):579-593. doi: 10.1002/jcop.22139. Epub 2018 Nov 5.

Reference Type DERIVED
PMID: 30394541 (View on PubMed)

Other Identifiers

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1R01HD070727-01

Identifier Type: NIH

Identifier Source: secondary_id

View Link

AAA11950

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id

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