Studies of Disorders With Increased Susceptibility to Fungal Infections

NCT ID: NCT01222741

Last Updated: 2025-12-26

Basic Information

• Recruitment Status: RECRUITING
• Total Enrollment: 850 participants
• Study Classification: OBSERVATIONAL
• Study Start Date: 2011-01-07

Brief Summary

Background:

• Researchers are interested in studying disorders that make individuals more susceptible to fungal infections, specifically infections with the Candida yeast. These disorders are often related to problems with the immune system and may have genetic factors, which suggests that researchers should study not only the individual with the disorder, but also his or her first- and second-degree relatives (such as parents, siblings, children, and first cousins). To provide material for future research, individuals with immune disorders and their first- and second-degree relatives will be asked to provide blood and other samples for testing and comparison with samples taken from healthy volunteers with no history of immune disorders.

Objectives:

• To collect blood and other biological samples to study immune disorders that make individuals more susceptible to fungal infections.

Eligibility:

• Individuals of any age who have abnormal immune function characterized by recurrent or unusual fungal infections, recurrent or chronic inflammation, or other types of immune dysfunction.
• First- or second-degree genetically related family members (limited to mother, father, siblings, grandparents, children, aunts, uncles, and first cousins).
• Healthy volunteers at least 18 years of age (for comparison purposes).

Design:

• Participants will provide blood samples and buccal (cells from the inside of the mouth near the cheek) samples.
• Participants with immune disorders will also be asked to provide urine samples, saliva or mucosal samples, or skin tissue biopsies, and may also have imaging studies (such as x-rays) to collect information for research.
• Samples may be collected at the National Institutes of Health or at other clinical locations for the samples to the sent to the National Institutes of Health.
• No treatment will be provided as part of this protocol....

Detailed Description

This study is designed for the evaluation, diagnosis, and long-term follow up of selected patients with primary immune deficiencies and other conditions associated with fungal, and more specifically with Candida spp. infections. The primary immune deficiencies to be studied include, but are not limited to, autoimmune polyendocrinopathy candidiasis ectodermal dystrophy (APECED), chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis (CMC), myeloperoxidase deficiency (MPO), immune dysregulation polyendocrinopathy enteropathy X-linked (IPEX), Job s syndrome, chronic granulomatous disease (CGD), biotinidase deficiency, Ikaros zinc finger 1 (IKAROS)-associated diseases, and Interferon Regulatory Factor 4 (IRF4) deficiency. Diabetic patients and infants also show increased susceptibility to such infections and might be studied. Patient participants will undergo evaluations that include history/physical, blood sampling, genetic testing, and possible tissue sampling. We may use some of the blood cells to investigate the utility of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) for immune cell derivation and targeted gene correction. Relative participants who are first or second degree genetically related family members of patients (limited to mother, father, siblings, grandparents, children, aunts, uncles, and first cousins) might also be screened for clinical, in vitro, and genetic correlates of immune abnormalities. Healthy volunteers will be enrolled as a source of control samples for research testing. Among the aims of this protocol are to better understand the genetic and pathophysiologic factors that lead to defects in host defense, and to use modern and evolving methods in molecular and cellular biology to elucidate the pathogenesis of this particular susceptibility. A better understanding of primary immunodeficiency could allow for the rational development of novel therapies for such diseases and to benefit future patients, but it might not benefit current patient participants directly. Routine follow-up may occur every 6 months with evaluation and blood sampling. Under some circumstances, we may provide medically indicated standard treatments for the immune deficiencies under study, and we will collect information from clinically indicated care for research purposes.

Conditions

Fungal Infections; Primary Immune Deficiencies

Keywords

PID; Primary Immune Deficiencies; Candida; Immune Abnormalities; Diabetic; Natural History

Study Design

• Observational Model Type: FAMILY_BASED
• Study Time Perspective: PROSPECTIVE

Study Groups

Healthy Voluntary

Healthy voluntary

No interventions assigned to this group

Patients

affected patient

No interventions assigned to this group

relatives

family member to patient

No interventions assigned to this group

Eligibility Criteria

Inclusion Criteria

Patients

To be eligible to participate in this study as a patient, an individual must meet the following criteria:

• Be 2 years of age to be seen at the Clinical Center as an outpatient. Children <=3 years of age must not have severe infections, as assessed by the investigator, to be seen at the Clinical Center. Send-in samples may be submitted by participants >30 days of age.
• Have an abnormality of immune function as manifested by recurrent or unusual fungal infections, recurrent or chronic inflammation, or previous laboratory evidence of immune dysfunction. Of particular focus of this study are patients with:

• APECED
• CMC
• MPO
• IPEX
• Hyper-immunoglobulin E syndrome (Job s syndrome)
• CGD
• Biotinidase deficiency
• IKAROS defects
• AIOLOS defects
• IRF4 defects
• Other conditions showing increased susceptibility to such infections as described in infants and type 1 diabetic patients
• Have a primary physician outside of the NIH.
• Agree to have blood stored for future research.
• Ability of subject or Legally Authorized Representative (LAR) to understand and the willingness to sign a written informed consent document.

Relatives

To be eligible to participate in this study as a relative, an individual must meet the following criteria:

• Be 2 years of age to be seen at the Clinical Center as an outpatient. Children <=3 years of age must not have severe infections, as assessed by the investigator, to be seen at the Clinical Center. Send-in samples may be submitted for participants >30 days of age.
• Be a mother, father, sibling, child, grandparent, aunt, uncle, or first cousin to a patient participant.
• Adult relatives must be able to provide informed consent.
• Agree to have blood stored for future research.

Healthy volunteers

To be eligible to participate in this study as a healthy volunteer, an individual must meet the following criteria:

• Be 18 to 85 years old.
• Have a hemoglobin count of >11 g/dL.
• Weigh >=110 pounds.
• Be able to provide informed consent.
• Be willing to have blood stored for future research.

Exclusion Criteria

Patients and Relatives

Healthy volunteers

An individual who meets any of the following criteria will be excluded from participation as a healthy volunteer in this study:

• Is receiving chemotherapeutic agent(s) or has an underlying malignancy.
• Is pregnant.
• Has a history of heart, lung, or kidney disease, or bleeding disorders.
• Has HIV or viral hepatitis (B or C), or history of viral hepatitis B or C since age 11.

• Minimum Eligible Age: 18 Years
• Maximum Eligible Age: 85 Years
• Eligible Sex: ALL
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: Yes

Sponsors

National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)

NIH

Sponsor Role: lead

Responsible Party

Responsibility Role: SPONSOR

Principal Investigators

Sergio D Rosenzweig, M.D.

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)

Locations

National Institutes of Health Clinical Center

Bethesda, Maryland, United States

Site Status: RECRUITING

Countries

United States

Central Contacts

Sergio D Rosenzweig, M.D.

Role: CONTACT

Phone: (301) 451-8971

Email: srosenzweig@mail.nih.gov

Facility Contacts

For more information at the NIH Clinical Center contact Office of Patient Recruitment (OPR)

Role: primary

References

Glocker EO, Hennigs A, Nabavi M, Schaffer AA, Woellner C, Salzer U, Pfeifer D, Veelken H, Warnatz K, Tahami F, Jamal S, Manguiat A, Rezaei N, Amirzargar AA, Plebani A, Hannesschlager N, Gross O, Ruland J, Grimbacher B. A homozygous CARD9 mutation in a family with susceptibility to fungal infections. N Engl J Med. 2009 Oct 29;361(18):1727-35. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa0810719.

Reference Type: BACKGROUND

PMID: 19864672 (View on PubMed)

Plantinga TS, van der Velden WJ, Ferwerda B, van Spriel AB, Adema G, Feuth T, Donnelly JP, Brown GD, Kullberg BJ, Blijlevens NM, Netea MG. Early stop polymorphism in human DECTIN-1 is associated with increased candida colonization in hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients. Clin Infect Dis. 2009 Sep 1;49(5):724-32. doi: 10.1086/604714.

Reference Type: BACKGROUND

PMID: 19614557 (View on PubMed)

Perheentupa J. Autoimmune polyendocrinopathy-candidiasis-ectodermal dystrophy. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2006 Aug;91(8):2843-50. doi: 10.1210/jc.2005-2611. Epub 2006 May 9.

Reference Type: BACKGROUND

PMID: 16684821 (View on PubMed)

Related Links

https://clinicalstudies.info.nih.gov/cgi/detail.cgi?A_2010-I-0216.html

NIH Clinical Center Detailed Web Page

Other Identifiers

10-I-0216

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: secondary_id

100216

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id