Exercise and Phytoestrogens: Effect on Factors Predisposing to Cardiovascular Disease(CVD) in Postmenopausal Women
NCT ID: NCT01048606
Last Updated: 2014-02-12
Study Results
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View full resultsBasic Information
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COMPLETED
PHASE4
45 participants
INTERVENTIONAL
2009-01-31
2012-11-30
Brief Summary
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Physical activity and hormone-replacement therapy (HRT) have been shown to act in synergy to improve total fat mass in postmenopausal (PM) women. Because the progesterone component of HRT has been associated with an increased CVD risk in older women with a family history of CVD, the use of HRT has become controversial. As a result, a large decrease of the use of HRT in the community has been observed and postmenopausal women (PM) have developed interest in alternative therapies. Among the possibilities, phytoestrogens have shown beneficial effects on menopausal symptoms and plasma lipids. Phytoestrogens are structurally and functionally similar to estradiol (the major estrogen in humans) but found only in plants such as soybean isoflavones. They do not exert any effect on breast cancer or/and endometrial tissue.
AIMS To examine the effects of phytoestrogens, exercise and the combination of both on lean body mass, total fat mass, visceral fat, blood lipid profile, oxidative stress markers, antioxidant system, glucose metabolism, and sex-hormone levels in obese PM women.
HYPOTHESES Women undergoing a combination of phytoestrogen treatment and an exercise program will display a greater increase in lean body mass, decrease in total and visceral fat mass, improvements in blood lipid profile, decrease in oxidative stress markers, increase in antioxidant system, improvement in glucose metabolism, and increase in sex-hormone levels than those submitted to any or one of the treatments.
A total of 120 women will be recruited. There will be 4 groups (30 women/group) undergoing exercise or not and supplemented with phytoestrogens or a placebo. The intervention is planned to last 12 mo. Key variables will be measured at baseline, and after 6 and 12 mo of intervention.
Three weekly 1h-sessions of exercise will be held on 3 non-consecutive days. The phytoestrogen supplements will consist of 70 mg/d of soy isoflavones taken as 4 caps/day.
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Detailed Description
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Conditions
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Study Design
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RANDOMIZED
FACTORIAL
TREATMENT
DOUBLE
Study Groups
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Placeco + exercise
Placebo (no phytoestrogen): Non-active capsules of the same size and appearance than phytoestrogens capsules will be used as a placebo (same posology, i.e. 4 caps/day) Exercise (three 1h-sessions/week)
Placebo + exercise
Placebo: Non-active capsules of the same size and appearance than phytoestrogens capsules will be used as a placebo (same posology, i.e. 4 caps/day)
Exercise intervention: Three weekly 1h-sessions will be held on 3 non-consecutive days. Each session comprises a total of 60 min of aerobic exercise (on an ergometer device) and resistance exercise (with elastic bands, free weights, exercise ball, etc.), and a 5-min cool down. Cues regarding exercise intensity will be offered to maintain intensity in a range of 60 to 80% of maximal heart rate (with the use of a target pulse, etc.). The exercise sessions will be led by a physical activity specialist.
Phytoestrogens without exercise
Phytoestrogens (70mg/day of soy isoflavone) Without exercise (no structured exercise session)
Phytoestrogens without exercise
Phytoestrogens: The phytoestrogen supplements will consist of 70 mg/day of soy isoflavones taken as 4 caps/day. More specifically, the daily dose of isoflavones contains 44 mg of diadzein, 16 mg of glycitein and 10 mg of genestein extracted from natural soy.
Without exercise: participants will be asked to do only their usual activities without being involved in any kind of structured exercise sessions.
Phytoestrogens + exercise
Phytoestrogens (70 mg/day soy isoflavone) Exercise (1h-sessions 3 times/week)
Phytoestrogens + exercise
Phytoestrogens: The phytoestrogen supplements will consist of 70 mg/day of soy isoflavones taken as 4 caps/day. More specifically, the daily dose of isoflavones contains 44 mg of diadzein, 16 mg of glycitein and 10 mg of genestein extracted from natural soy.
Exercise intervention: Three weekly 1h-sessions will be held on 3 non-consecutive days. Each session comprises a total of 60 min of aerobic exercise (on an ergometer device) and resistance exercise (with elastic bands, free weights, exercise ball, etc.), and a 5-min cool down. Cues regarding exercise intensity will be offered to maintain intensity in a range of 60 to 80% of maximal heart rate (with the use of a target pulse, etc.). The exercise sessions will be led by a physical activity specialist.
Placebo without exercise
Placebo: Non-active capsules of the same size and appearance than phytoestrogens capsules will be used as a placebo (same posology, i.e. 4 caps/day) No exercise
No interventions assigned to this group
Interventions
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Placebo + exercise
Placebo: Non-active capsules of the same size and appearance than phytoestrogens capsules will be used as a placebo (same posology, i.e. 4 caps/day)
Exercise intervention: Three weekly 1h-sessions will be held on 3 non-consecutive days. Each session comprises a total of 60 min of aerobic exercise (on an ergometer device) and resistance exercise (with elastic bands, free weights, exercise ball, etc.), and a 5-min cool down. Cues regarding exercise intensity will be offered to maintain intensity in a range of 60 to 80% of maximal heart rate (with the use of a target pulse, etc.). The exercise sessions will be led by a physical activity specialist.
Phytoestrogens without exercise
Phytoestrogens: The phytoestrogen supplements will consist of 70 mg/day of soy isoflavones taken as 4 caps/day. More specifically, the daily dose of isoflavones contains 44 mg of diadzein, 16 mg of glycitein and 10 mg of genestein extracted from natural soy.
Without exercise: participants will be asked to do only their usual activities without being involved in any kind of structured exercise sessions.
Phytoestrogens + exercise
Phytoestrogens: The phytoestrogen supplements will consist of 70 mg/day of soy isoflavones taken as 4 caps/day. More specifically, the daily dose of isoflavones contains 44 mg of diadzein, 16 mg of glycitein and 10 mg of genestein extracted from natural soy.
Exercise intervention: Three weekly 1h-sessions will be held on 3 non-consecutive days. Each session comprises a total of 60 min of aerobic exercise (on an ergometer device) and resistance exercise (with elastic bands, free weights, exercise ball, etc.), and a 5-min cool down. Cues regarding exercise intensity will be offered to maintain intensity in a range of 60 to 80% of maximal heart rate (with the use of a target pulse, etc.). The exercise sessions will be led by a physical activity specialist.
Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria
* francophone or understanding French
* body mass index \> 27kg/m²
* without physical disability
* without medical treatment influencing metabolism
* non smoker
* light drinker (\<15 g ethanol/day = 1 alcoholic beverage)
* weight stable (\< 2 kg) for 6 mo
* no participation in a supervised exercise program for 6 mo
* without HRT for at least 3 yrs
* and without menses for at least 12 mo
Exclusion Criteria
* known hepatic diseases
* asthma
* family history of accident cerebro-vascular
* personal history of a feminine cancer
50 Years
70 Years
FEMALE
No
Sponsors
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Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR)
OTHER_GOV
Université de Sherbrooke
OTHER
Responsible Party
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Isabelle J Dionne
PhD
Principal Investigators
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Isabelle J Dionne, Ph.D.
Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
Université de Sherbrooke
Locations
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Centre de recherche sur le vieillissement du CSSS-IUGS
Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
Countries
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References
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Aubertin-Leheudre M, Lord C, Khalil A, Dionne IJ. Isoflavones and clinical cardiovascular risk factors in obese postmenopausal women: a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial. J Womens Health (Larchmt). 2008 Oct;17(8):1363-9. doi: 10.1089/jwh.2008.0836.
Choquette, S., D.-A. Lalancette, et al. (2009). Soy Isoflavones and Exercise: Possible Benefits for Postmenopausal Women's Cardiovascular Health. Current Women's Health Reviews 5(2): 56-62.
Aubertin-Leheudre M, Lord C, Khalil A, Dionne IJ. Six months of isoflavone supplement increases fat-free mass in obese-sarcopenic postmenopausal women: a randomized double-blind controlled trial. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2007 Dec;61(12):1442-4. doi: 10.1038/sj.ejcn.1602695. Epub 2007 Feb 21.
Aubertin-Leheudre M, Lord C, Khalil A, Dionne IJ. Effect of 6 months of exercise and isoflavone supplementation on clinical cardiovascular risk factors in obese postmenopausal women: a randomized, double-blind study. Menopause. 2007 Jul-Aug;14(4):624-9. doi: 10.1097/gme.0b013e31802e426b.
Lebon J, Aubertin-Leheudre M, Bobeuf F, Lord C, Labonte M, Dionne IJ. Is a small muscle mass index really detrimental for insulin sensitivity in postmenopausal women of various body composition status? J Musculoskelet Neuronal Interact. 2012 Sep;12(3):116-26.
Barsalani R, Riesco E, Lavoie JM, Dionne IJ. Effect of exercise training and isoflavones on hepatic steatosis in overweight postmenopausal women. Climacteric. 2013 Feb;16(1):88-95. doi: 10.3109/13697137.2012.662251. Epub 2012 Apr 24.
Choquette S, Dion T, Brochu M, Dionne IJ. Soy isoflavones and exercise to improve physical capacity in postmenopausal women. Climacteric. 2013 Feb;16(1):70-7. doi: 10.3109/13697137.2011.643515. Epub 2012 Feb 16.
Riesco E, Choquette S, Audet M, Lebon J, Tessier D, Dionne IJ. Effect of exercise training combined with phytoestrogens on adipokines and C-reactive protein in postmenopausal women: a randomized trial. Metabolism. 2012 Feb;61(2):273-80. doi: 10.1016/j.metabol.2011.06.025. Epub 2011 Aug 23.
Riesco E, Choquette S, Audet M, Tessier D, Dionne IJ. Effect of exercise combined with phytoestrogens on quality of life in postmenopausal women. Climacteric. 2011 Oct;14(5):573-80. doi: 10.3109/13697137.2011.566652. Epub 2011 Aug 24.
Riesco E, Aubertin-Leheudre M, Maltais ML, Audet M, Dionne IJ. Synergic effect of phytoestrogens and exercise training on cardiovascular risk profile in exercise-responder postmenopausal women: a pilot study. Menopause. 2010 Sep-Oct;17(5):1035-9. doi: 10.1097/gme.0b013e3181da7915.
Ghachem A, Marcotte-Chenard A, Tremblay D, Prud'homme D, Rabasa-Lhoret R, Riesco E, Brochu M, Dionne IJ. Obesity among postmenopausal women: what is the best anthropometric index to assess adiposity and success of weight-loss intervention? Menopause. 2021 Mar 1;28(6):678-685. doi: 10.1097/GME.0000000000001754.
Myette-Cote E, Archambault-Therrien C, Brochu M, Dionne IJ, Riesco E. Physical fitness improvement in overweight postmenopausal women who do not lose fat mass in response to exercise training. Menopause. 2016 Oct;23(10):1122-9. doi: 10.1097/GME.0000000000000677.
Choquette S, Riesco E, Cormier E, Dion T, Aubertin-Leheudre M, Dionne IJ. Effects of soya isoflavones and exercise on body composition and clinical risk factors of cardiovascular diseases in overweight postmenopausal women: a 6-month double-blind controlled trial. Br J Nutr. 2011 Apr;105(8):1199-209. doi: 10.1017/S0007114510004897. Epub 2010 Dec 17.
Other Identifiers
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IDionne_phyto_2008-2011
Identifier Type: -
Identifier Source: org_study_id
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