Effects of Mindfulness-Based Cognitive-Behavioral Conjoint Therapy on PTSD and Relationship Function

NCT ID: NCT01035788

Last Updated: 2018-11-01

Basic Information

• Recruitment Status: COMPLETED
• Clinical Phase: NA
• Total Enrollment: 92 participants
• Study Classification: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Start Date: 2010-07-01
• Study Completion Date: 2014-12-31

Brief Summary

The purpose of this study is to first adapt Cognitive Behavioral Conjoint Therapy for PTSD for Operation Enduring Freedom and Operation Iraqi Freedom (OEF-OIF) Veterans diagnosed with PTSD and their intimate partners by (1) reducing the overall length of treatment from 15 weeks to 10 weeks through the use of a weekend couple retreat to deliver the first two of three phases of the three-phase protocol; and (2) by integrating mindfulness interventions as a way to mitigate the short, more condensed treatment. Secondly, this study will examine the effects of this adapted Mindfulness-Based Cognitive-Behavioral Conjoint Therapy on PTSD symptoms and intimate relationship functioning.

Detailed Description

Between 5 and 15 percent of Veterans return from deployment in Iraq and Afghanistan with PTSD and the symptoms adversely affect many aspects of their lives, including intimate relationships. Although research findings consistently suggest that the degree of intimate relationship dysfunction correlates with the severity of Veteran's PTSD symptoms, few couples interventions have been developed and systematically evaluated. Cognitive Behavioral Conjoint Therapy for PTSD (CBCT for PTSD) is an intervention developed to treat both PTSD and relationship dysfunction that has shown promising preliminary results. However, the literature suggests that OEF-OIF Veterans prefer shorter time-limited treatments and CBCT for PTSD requires as many as 15 sessions. CBCT for PTSD lacks specific interventions that train meta-awareness, such as those taught in mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR). Mindfulness practices have an emerging evidence base for improving both PTSD and relationship functioning in several important ways. First, practicing mindfulness promotes the relaxation response which counters hyperarousal and results in a calmer approach to difficulties and challenges. Second, avoidance and numbing are countered by mindfully allowing one's experience to be as it is while suspending judgment, which is associated with increased compassion and empathy. Lastly, mindfulness supports a way of being with all life experiences rather than providing techniques just for coping with specific difficulties, which enables individuals to access inner strengths that are already available to them. Just as many physical conditions require more than one rehabilitation approach, there may be a synergy between CBCT for PTSD and mindfulness interventions. Mindfulness skills may assist individuals in tolerating painful emotional reactions to their experiences which may in turn enhance their awareness of associated feelings and thoughts. With enhanced meta-awareness the beliefs that may maintain PTSD symptoms and relationship dysfunction become more amenable to cognitive restructuring. Therefore, the goal of this study is to examine the effects of a Mindfulness-Based adaptation of CBCT for PTSD. The study involves two phases over the course of four years. In Phase 1, mindfulness interventions will be integrated within the Cognitive Behavioral Conjoint Therapy for PTSD treatment manual and the content of the first 7 sessions of CBCT will be adapted to be delivered during a weekend retreat. The integrated intervention, MB-CBCT for PTSD, will be delivered to 10 OIF-OEF Veterans and each of their intimate partners in order to develop and test procedures to train and monitor therapists. During Phase 2, 40 OEF-OIF Veterans and each of their intimate partners will be consented and a randomized controlled trial with be conducted comparing the MB-CBCT for PTSD with a control condition that teaches communication skills drawn from the first 7 sessions of the CBCT manual. We hypothesize that MB-CBCT for PTSD will lead to greater improvement in: 1) Veterans' PTSD symptoms as measured by the Clinician Administered PTSD Scale (primary outcome) and PTSD Checklist (secondary outcome); 2) Veterans' and partners' relationship functioning (secondary outcome); and 3) anxiety and depression symptoms (secondary outcomes). PTSD constitutes a substantial proportion of the burden of illness among Veterans. The longer term goals of this project are to conduct a fully-powered randomized controlled clinical trial of MB-CBCT to determine its effectiveness and to finalize the treatment manual.

Conditions

PTSD

Study Design

• Allocation Method: RANDOMIZED
• Intervention Model: PARALLEL
• Primary Study Purpose: TREATMENT
• Blinding Strategy: SINGLE

Study Groups

Mindfulness-Based CBCT

Mindfulness Based Cognitive Behavioral Conjoint Therapy for PTSD

Group Type: EXPERIMENTAL

Mindfulness Based Cognitive Behavioral Conjoint Therapy

Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL

This intervention combines Cognitive Behavioral Conjoint Therapy for PTSD and mindfulness skills. Cognitive Behavioral Conjoint Therapy for PTSD includes PTSD psychoeducation, communication skills training and cognitive restructuring. Mindfulness involves teaching individuals skills that improve their ability to attend to their experience in the present moment while suspending judgment and to purposefully shift their attention. Thus mindfulness enhances the ability to monitor and manage emotions and thought processes so that individuals can reflect on, choose, and implement more effective responses.

CBCT Communication Skills

CBCT for PTSD - Communication Skills

Group Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR

CBCT for PTSD - Communication Skills

Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL

This control intervention will provide psychoeducation including the communication skills content from sessions 1-7 of Cognitive Behavioral Conjoint Therapy for PTSD.

Interventions

Mindfulness Based Cognitive Behavioral Conjoint Therapy

This intervention combines Cognitive Behavioral Conjoint Therapy for PTSD and mindfulness skills. Cognitive Behavioral Conjoint Therapy for PTSD includes PTSD psychoeducation, communication skills training and cognitive restructuring. Mindfulness involves teaching individuals skills that improve their ability to attend to their experience in the present moment while suspending judgment and to purposefully shift their attention. Thus mindfulness enhances the ability to monitor and manage emotions and thought processes so that individuals can reflect on, choose, and implement more effective responses.

Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL

CBCT for PTSD - Communication Skills

This control intervention will provide psychoeducation including the communication skills content from sessions 1-7 of Cognitive Behavioral Conjoint Therapy for PTSD.

Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL

Eligibility Criteria

Inclusion Criteria

Veteran must:

• be enrolled in outpatient treatment
• have a confirmed diagnosis of PTSD
• have no major change in psychiatric medication for at least 1 month
• have a partner mutually committed to maintaining the relationship for the duration of the intervention
• willing to forgo initiating psychotherapy for PTSD or other conditions during the study

Exclusion Criteria

• severe physical or sexual relationship aggression in the past year
• current suicidal/homicidal intent (Veteran or partner)
• cognitive impairment that precludes understanding session content (either Veteran or partner)
• current substance dependence of Veteran or partner
• uncontrolled psychotic or bipolar disorder in Veteran or partner
• PTSD diagnosis in the partner
• self-mutilation or self-injury within the previous 6 months by Veteran or partner
• unwilling to have therapy or CAPS sessions video or audio recorded

• Minimum Eligible Age: 18 Years
• Eligible Sex: ALL
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No

Sponsors

VA Office of Research and Development

FED

Sponsor Role: lead

Responsible Party

Responsibility Role: SPONSOR

Principal Investigators

Louanne Whitman Davis, PsyD

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Richard L. Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN

Locations

Richard L. Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN

Indianapolis, Indiana, United States

Countries

United States

Other Identifiers

1001-02B

Identifier Type: OTHER

Identifier Source: secondary_id

B7331-R

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id