Sleep Deprivation and Energy Balance

NCT ID: NCT00935402

Last Updated: 2011-02-23

Basic Information

• Recruitment Status: COMPLETED
• Clinical Phase: NA
• Total Enrollment: 30 participants
• Study Classification: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Start Date: 2008-11-30
• Study Completion Date: 2010-07-31

Brief Summary

Observational and epidemiological studies have found a link between obesity and short sleep duration with the prevalence of both increasing in the past decades. At this time, it is unknown whether short sleep is a cause of obesity and how short sleep would lead to obesity. Some studies associate short sleep with increased levels of hormone that stimulate appetite. This study will examine how food intake and energy expenditure can be modified by sleep duration as a means of understanding a potential causal pathway.

Detailed Description

Recent epidemiological studies show that short sleep duration (≤5-7 h/night) correlates with overweight and obesity, such that individuals with short sleep periods tend to have a higher body mass index (BMI) than those who sleep 8-9 h/night. The mechanism for this relationship is currently unknown. However, energy balance must be disrupted to produce weight gain. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to examine the impact of short sleep duration, 4 h/night, relative to habitual sleep duration of 8-9 h/night, on energy balance. The major aims of this study are to compare energy expenditure and energy intake during the periods of habitual and short sleep duration and to examine the neural and hormonal pathways involved in eating behavior under periods of habitual and short sleep. Men and women, 30-45 y and BMI 22-25 kg/m2, will be recruited to participate in this randomized, crossover study of short and habitual sleep periods. During each period of 5 nights, subjects will be required to sleep at the laboratory under supervision. During this time, subjects will be total inpatients to ensure compliance with the protocol. Each sleep duration period will be separated by a 2-4-wk washout period. On the first day of each phase, subjects will be given a dose of doubly-labeled water to measure free-living energy expenditure over the 6-d period. During the first 4 days, energy intake will be controlled and meals served at fixed times. The last 2 days will be ad libitum feeding of self-selected meals. Hormones, including leptin, insulin, ghrelin, PYY, adiponectin, and GLP-1 will be assessed daily in the fasted state and, on day 4, over a 24-hour period, while subjects are consuming a controlled diet with fixed meal times. Functional magnetic resonance imaging measurements of brain activity in response to food stimuli will be done on day 5 to examine brain regions associated with motivation to eat. On day 5, subjects will undergo measurements of basal metabolic rate using indirect calorimetry. Ad libitum energy intakes will be assessed on days 5 and 6. Polysomnographic monitoring will be performed nightly to assess sleep duration. Mediation analyses will allow us to determine whether hormone levels are related to and predictive of energy expenditure and energy intake data. The measurements performed in this study will allow us to determine how reduced sleep periods can impact energy balance and potentially lead to changes in body weight. As such, it will provide comprehensive information of the neural, physiological, hormonal, and behavioral networks related to energy balance and which are affected by sleep duration.

Conditions

Obesity

Study Design

• Allocation Method: RANDOMIZED
• Intervention Model: CROSSOVER
• Primary Study Purpose: PREVENTION
• Blinding Strategy: NONE

Study Groups

Short Sleep

Subjects are permitted to spend 4 hours in bed per night for 5 consecutive nights. Subjects are inpatients for a period of 6 days.

Group Type: EXPERIMENTAL

Sleep

Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL

Subjects are randomly assigned to one of 2 arms sequence: short followed by regular or regular followed by short. Each arm is 6 days in length and separated by a 2-4 week washout period.

Regular Sleep

Subjects are permitted to spend 9 hours in bed per night for 5 nights. Subjects are inpatients for a period of 6 days.

Group Type: ACTIVE_COMPARATOR

Sleep

Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL

Subjects are randomly assigned to one of 2 arms sequence: short followed by regular or regular followed by short. Each arm is 6 days in length and separated by a 2-4 week washout period.

Interventions

Sleep

Subjects are randomly assigned to one of 2 arms sequence: short followed by regular or regular followed by short. Each arm is 6 days in length and separated by a 2-4 week washout period.

Intervention Type: BEHAVIORAL

Eligibility Criteria

Inclusion Criteria

• Body mass index 22-25 kg/m2
• Right-handed
• Sleep 7-9 hours/night
• Normal score on Pittsburgh Quality of Sleep questionnaire, Epworth Sleepiness Scale, Berlin Questionnaire, Sleep Disorders Inventory Questionnaire, Beck Depression Inventory, Composite Scale of Morningness/Eveningness

Exclusion Criteria

• Smoker
• Neurological, medical, or psychiatric disorder
• Diabetics
• History of eating disorders
• Sleep disorders
• Travel across time zones within 4 weeks of the study
• History of drug and alcohol abuse
• Shift worker
• Caffeine intake > 300 mg/d
• Excessive daytime sleepiness
• Regular napping
• History of drowsy driving
• Pregnancy or within 1 y post-partum
• Heavy equipment operator or commercial long-distance driver
• Contra-indications for MRI scanning

• Minimum Eligible Age: 30 Years
• Maximum Eligible Age: 45 Years
• Eligible Sex: ALL
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: Yes

Sponsors

National Institutes of Health (NIH)

NIH

Sponsor Role: collaborator

Clinilabs, Inc.

OTHER

Sponsor Role: collaborator

Columbia University

OTHER

Sponsor Role: collaborator

St. Luke's-Roosevelt Hospital Center

OTHER

Sponsor Role: lead

Responsible Party

St. Luke's/Roosevelt Hospital

Principal Investigators

Marie-Pierre St-Onge, Ph.D

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

St. Luke's-Roosevelt Hospital Center

Locations

Clinilabs

New York, New York, United States

St. Luke's/Roosevelt Hospital

New York, New York, United States

Columbia University

New York, New York, United States

Countries

United States

References

Smith I, Salazar I, RoyChoudhury A, St-Onge MP. Sleep restriction and testosterone concentrations in young healthy males: randomized controlled studies of acute and chronic short sleep. Sleep Health. 2019 Dec;5(6):580-586. doi: 10.1016/j.sleh.2019.07.003. Epub 2019 Aug 12.

Reference Type: DERIVED

PMID: 31416797 (View on PubMed)

McNeil J, St-Onge MP. Increased energy intake following sleep restriction in men and women: A one-size-fits-all conclusion? Obesity (Silver Spring). 2017 Jun;25(6):989-992. doi: 10.1002/oby.21831. Epub 2017 Apr 12.

Reference Type: DERIVED

PMID: 28401667 (View on PubMed)

St-Onge MP, Roberts A, Shechter A, Choudhury AR. Fiber and Saturated Fat Are Associated with Sleep Arousals and Slow Wave Sleep. J Clin Sleep Med. 2016 Jan;12(1):19-24. doi: 10.5664/jcsm.5384.

Reference Type: DERIVED

PMID: 26156950 (View on PubMed)

Shechter A, St-Onge MP. Delayed sleep timing is associated with low levels of free-living physical activity in normal sleeping adults. Sleep Med. 2014 Dec;15(12):1586-9. doi: 10.1016/j.sleep.2014.07.010. Epub 2014 Sep 2.

Reference Type: DERIVED

PMID: 25311835 (View on PubMed)

St-Onge MP, Wolfe S, Sy M, Shechter A, Hirsch J. Sleep restriction increases the neuronal response to unhealthy food in normal-weight individuals. Int J Obes (Lond). 2014 Mar;38(3):411-6. doi: 10.1038/ijo.2013.114. Epub 2013 Jun 19.

Reference Type: DERIVED

PMID: 23779051 (View on PubMed)

St-Onge MP, O'Keeffe M, Roberts AL, RoyChoudhury A, Laferrere B. Short sleep duration, glucose dysregulation and hormonal regulation of appetite in men and women. Sleep. 2012 Nov 1;35(11):1503-10. doi: 10.5665/sleep.2198.

Reference Type: DERIVED

PMID: 23115399 (View on PubMed)

St-Onge MP, McReynolds A, Trivedi ZB, Roberts AL, Sy M, Hirsch J. Sleep restriction leads to increased activation of brain regions sensitive to food stimuli. Am J Clin Nutr. 2012 Apr;95(4):818-24. doi: 10.3945/ajcn.111.027383. Epub 2012 Feb 22.

Reference Type: DERIVED

PMID: 22357722 (View on PubMed)

St-Onge MP, Roberts AL, Chen J, Kelleman M, O'Keeffe M, RoyChoudhury A, Jones PJ. Short sleep duration increases energy intakes but does not change energy expenditure in normal-weight individuals. Am J Clin Nutr. 2011 Aug;94(2):410-6. doi: 10.3945/ajcn.111.013904. Epub 2011 Jun 29.

Reference Type: DERIVED

PMID: 21715510 (View on PubMed)

Other Identifiers

R01HL091352-01A1

Identifier Type: NIH

Identifier Source: secondary_id

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R01HL091352-01A1

Identifier Type: NIH

Identifier Source: org_study_id

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