A Randomized Trial of Internet Access to Nicotine Patches
NCT ID: NCT00534404
Last Updated: 2015-02-03
Study Results
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View full resultsBasic Information
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COMPLETED
NA
2485 participants
INTERVENTIONAL
2011-03-31
2014-03-31
Brief Summary
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Detailed Description
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This investigation has three specific aims and one exploratory aim:
* Specific Aim 1: To determine the efficacy of providing access to free nicotine patches as an addition to online smoking cessation services.
* Specific Aim 2: To determine the efficacy of providing access to free nicotine patches linked with proactive telephone counseling as an addition to online smoking cessation services.
* Specific Aim 3: To determine the cost-effectiveness of providing access to free nicotine patches, with or without linkage to proactive phone counseling, as additions to online cessation services.
* Exploratory Aim 1: To examine potential mediators and moderators of intervention effects. An examination of potential mediators will identify key psychological and behavioral processes (e.g. medication adherence, self-efficacy, etc.) that underlie how the interventions affect the process of quitting and offer guidance regarding key targets for future research. An examination of potential moderators (e.g. level of dependence, income, gender) will identify candidate subgroups for which the proposed interventions may be more effective and cost- effective.
Smokers searching online for help quitting (N=2,475) will be recruited and randomized to receive one of three treatments:
1. online smoking cessation services (i.e. web),
2. online cessation services plus access to free nicotine patches (i.e.web+patch),
3. online cessation services with access to free patches contingent upon participation in proactive telephone counseling (i.e. web+patch+phone).
The Center for Health Communications Research at the University of Michigan will serve as the smoking cessation website for this research project. Developed by Vic Strecher and colleagues, Project Quit is a web-based program designed to help individuals who would like to quit smoking in the next 30 days. The program is grounded in cognitive-behavioral methods of smoking cessation and relapse prevention. The web-based smoking cessation intervention features highly tailored email messages. Once enrolled in the project and the baseline assessment is completed, participants receive six tailored web sessions namely:
* Action plan (1 week before quit date);
* Barriers 1 (2 days before quit date);
* Supportive message (on quit date);
* Barriers 2 (2 days after quit date);
* Motivation (1 week after quit date);
* Testimonial (2 weeks after quit date).
Evaluations will occur at baseline and at 1-, 3-, and 9-months post-enrollment. The primary outcome measure will be self-reported 6-month prolonged abstinence measured at the 9-month evaluation.
This proposal addresses a critical need for evidence-based cessation treatments for smokers. At the completion of this project, it is our expectation that we will have identified an effective online intervention package (or packages) for dissemination of internet-assisted tobacco treatment.
This study will enroll people recruited via online sources. Participants will complete a baseline survey about their smoking habits and quit history. Participants will then be randomly assigned to one of the following three treatment groups:
* Group 1 participants will receive access to an online tailored stop smoking program.
* Group 2 participants will receive free access to nicotine patches and an online tailored stop smoking program.
* Group 3 participants will receive telephone counseling, free access to nicotine patches and an online tailored stop smoking program.
Participants receiving telephone counseling will receive 5 phone calls over a 2-month period to discuss their personal smoking cessation plan; they must complete the pre-quit and 7-10 day calls in order to receive the nicotine patches. At 1, 3, and 9 months post-enrollment, all participants will complete online surveys about their smoking cessation experience. Participants will be contacted by phone to complete the surveys if they do not complete them online.
Conditions
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Study Design
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RANDOMIZED
PARALLEL
TREATMENT
NONE
Study Groups
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NRT Patch, Phone Counseling, Internet
As adjuncts to internet-assisted tobacco treatment (iQuit Smoking website), research participants in this arm will have access to free 8-week supply of nicotine patches, contingent upon participation in proactive telephone counseling. Patch therapy will begin with the 21 mg patch for 4 weeks, followed by 14 mg patch for 2 weeks, then 7 mg patch for 2 weeks.
Nicotine patches
Participants will wear nicotine patches.
Telephone counseling
Participants receiving telephone counseling will receive five phone calls over a 2-month period to discuss their personal smoking cessation plan.
iQuit Smoking website
Participants will access the Project Quit (iQuit Smoking) website.
Nicotine Patches and Internet
As adjuncts to internet-assisted tobacco treatment (iQuit Smoking website), research participants in this arm will have access to free 8-week supply of nicotine patches. Patch therapy will begin with the 21 mg patch for 4 weeks, followed by 14 mg patch for 2 weeks, then 7 mg patch for 2 weeks.
Nicotine patches
Participants will wear nicotine patches.
iQuit Smoking website
Participants will access the Project Quit (iQuit Smoking) website.
Internet
Research participants in this arm will have free access to internet-assisted tobacco treatment (iQuit Smoking website).
iQuit Smoking website
Participants will access the Project Quit (iQuit Smoking) website.
Interventions
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Nicotine patches
Participants will wear nicotine patches.
Telephone counseling
Participants receiving telephone counseling will receive five phone calls over a 2-month period to discuss their personal smoking cessation plan.
iQuit Smoking website
Participants will access the Project Quit (iQuit Smoking) website.
Other Intervention Names
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Eligibility Criteria
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Inclusion Criteria
* Does not use any tobacco products other than cigarettes
* Willing to set a quit date within 2 to 4 weeks following study entry
* Willing to use a nicotine patch
* Able to speak English
* Access to Internet, email, and telephone at work or home
* Resident of the United States
* Only one person per household is eligible to enroll
Exclusion Criteria
* Currently uses nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) products
* Currently uses or plans to use Bupropion SR, Wellbutrin, or Zyban
18 Years
ALL
Yes
Sponsors
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National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
NIH
University of Michigan
OTHER
Responsible Party
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Lawrence C. An
Associate Professor of Internal Medicine, Medical School
Principal Investigators
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Lawrence C An, MD
Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR
University of Michigan
Locations
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University of Michigan
Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States
Countries
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Other Identifiers
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511
Identifier Type: -
Identifier Source: org_study_id
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