Pharmacology of Cognition in Schizotypal Personality Disorder

NCT ID: NCT00353379

Last Updated: 2017-02-10

Basic Information

• Recruitment Status: TERMINATED
• Clinical Phase: PHASE4
• Total Enrollment: 29 participants
• Study Classification: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Start Date: 1995-09-30
• Study Completion Date: 1997-05-31

Brief Summary

This study will determine the effectiveness of guanfacine in improving cognitive and functional impairments in schizotypal personality disorder.

Detailed Description

Schizotypal personality disorder is a psychiatric condition that is characterized by deficiencies in interpersonal relationships and disturbances in thought patterns, appearance, and behavior. This disorder is different from schizophrenia. While some of the symptoms of the two disorders are similar, such as the tendency to have unusual beliefs and behaviors, people with schizotypal personality disorder do not experience hallucinations and are not significantly disconnected from reality, both of which are signature symptoms of schizophrenia. Guanfacine is a drug that is often used to treat high blood pressure and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. There is evidence that guanfacine enhances cognition and diminishes impulsivity. This study will determine the effectiveness of guanfacine in improving symptoms of schizotypal personality disorder.

Participants in this 6-week, double-blind study will be randomly assigned to receive either guanfacine or placebo. Participants receiving guanfacine will remain on the drug for the duration of the study. The other participants will receive placebo for the duration of the study. Guanfacine dosages will not exceed 2 mg per day. All participants will report to the study site weekly for assessments of vital signs, study compliance, medication side effects, and psychological symptoms. Additional cognitive testing will be performed at week 6. Upon study completion, patients will return for a follow-up assessment.

Conditions

Schizotypal Personality Disorder; Personality Disorders

Study Design

• Allocation Method: RANDOMIZED
• Intervention Model: CROSSOVER
• Primary Study Purpose: TREATMENT
• Blinding Strategy: DOUBLE

Study Groups

guanfacine

Participants will take guanfacine.

Group Type: EXPERIMENTAL

Guanfacine

Intervention Type: DRUG

Participants will take guanfacine for 6 weeks. Guanfacine dosages will not exceed 2 mg per day.

placebo

Participants will take placebo.

Group Type: PLACEBO_COMPARATOR

Placebo

Intervention Type: DRUG

Participants will take placebo for 6 weeks.

Interventions

Guanfacine

Participants will take guanfacine for 6 weeks. Guanfacine dosages will not exceed 2 mg per day.

Intervention Type: DRUG

Placebo

Participants will take placebo for 6 weeks.

Intervention Type: DRUG

Eligibility Criteria

Inclusion Criteria

• Subjects must be male or female
• Medically and neurologically healthy (Medically healthy means that the patient does not have a major or partially treated medical condition that based on the judgment of the research clinician would either put the patient at increased risk and/or affect our findings. Common conditions include: high blood pressure, diabetes, uncontrolled asthma or COPD, abnormal heart rhythm, chronic viral infections. Neurologically healthy means that the patient has not experienced brain injury or head trauma associated with prolonged (e.g., > 10 minutes) loss of consciousness, seizures or other conditions based on the research clinician's judgment would either put the patient at increased risk and/or affect our findings.)
• Between 18 and 60 years of age
• Patients must also be medication free (at least 2 weeks) while participating in guanfacine, except for the following medications: NSAIDS (eg, Advil), Tylenol, Levothyroxine (if on stable dose for 1 month, no symptoms of hypothyroidism and normal thyroid labs), Non-centrally acting antihistamines, H2 blockers (eg, Zantac), PPIs (eg, Prilosec, Prevacid). Research physician will make judgment on case-by-case basis based on risk to subject, and potential confounding effect on data validity.
• Subjects in the SPD group must meet DSM-IV criteria for Schizotypal Personality Disorder.
• Subjects in the AvPD group must meet DSM-IV criteria for Avoidant Personality Disorder and not meet criteria for schizotypal, paranoid, and schizoid personality disorder. In addition, the AvPD group must have fewer than 2 schizotypal traits.

• Healthy control subjects will be selected according to criteria noted in methods, and in age distribution comparable to our patients.
• Healthy controls will be matched to patients on gender and parental socioeconomic status.
• Healthy controls must be male or female between the ages of 18 and 60.

Exclusion Criteria

• Subjects may not have a significant medical illness (ie, insulin dependent diabetes, gastric/duodenal ulcer), or significant neurological illness (ie epilepsy, CMS, CVA, focal neurological lesion).
• Participants are also excluded if they are more than 40% above ideal body weight. The weight limit helps insure that standard doses of guanfacine will not be given to patients who are extremely overweight who might then receive a lower concentration of these drugs in their central nervous system.
• Subjects must also have a corrected or uncorrected visual acuity of 20/40 or better.
• All participants meeting DSM IV criteria for any current or past history of sustained IV-substance dependence are excluded from the study.
• Participants must be free of substance abuse for at least six months.

Healthy Controls:

• for medical illness are identical to those of patients
• must not meet criteria for a current or lifetime DSM-IV diagnosis of bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, or any Axis II disorder.
• a current Axis I or II diagnosis or a family history of psychotic disorder will also be excluded. However, to avoid a group of HC's too highly groomed and unrepresentative of the general population we will not exclude HC subjects meeting criteria for a past Axis I diagnosis, such as adjustment disorder, dysthymic disorder, depressive disorder not otherwise specified, specific phobia, and sleep disorders. In addition subjects meeting criteria for a non-IV substance abuse disorder more than 6 months prior to enrollment will not be excluded.

• Minimum Eligible Age: 18 Years
• Maximum Eligible Age: 60 Years
• Eligible Sex: ALL
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: Yes

Sponsors

National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH)

NIH

Sponsor Role: collaborator

Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai

OTHER

Sponsor Role: lead

Responsible Party

Responsibility Role: SPONSOR

Principal Investigators

Larry J. Siever, MD

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Bronx VA Medical Center/Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai

Locations

Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai

New York, New York, United States

Countries

United States

References

McClure MM, Barch DM, Romero MJ, Minzenberg MJ, Triebwasser J, Harvey PD, Siever LJ. The effects of guanfacine on context processing abnormalities in schizotypal personality disorder. Biol Psychiatry. 2007 May 15;61(10):1157-60. doi: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2006.06.034. Epub 2006 Sep 1.

Reference Type: RESULT

PMID: 16950221 (View on PubMed)

Other Identifiers

R01MH056140

Identifier Type: NIH

Identifier Source: secondary_id

View Link

DATR A3-NSS

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: secondary_id

GCO 95-0650

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id