Using Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy With MRI to Non-invasively Determine Breast Cancer Extent of Disease

NCT ID: NCT00312637

Last Updated: 2012-05-01

Basic Information

• Recruitment Status: WITHDRAWN
• Clinical Phase: NA
• Study Classification: INTERVENTIONAL
• Study Start Date: 2005-03-31
• Study Completion Date: 2008-03-31

Brief Summary

The purpose of this study is to evaluate whether high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging of the axilla with spectroscopy can identify nodal features suggestive of metastatic involvement in patients diagnosed with invasive breast cancer. This may enable us to define a select group of patients for whom axillary lymph node dissection could be avoided.

Detailed Description

Breast cancer is the second leading cause of death in women. The spread of cancer from the breast to the lymph nodes is a significant factor in determining breast cancer survival. Currently, surgical procedures are performed to determine lymph node involvement. Full axillary lymph node dissection has a high morbidity associated with the procedure. While sentinel lymphadenectomy avoids a full axillary dissection in clinically negative axilla in untreated patients, it has been reported to have a false negative rate of less than 10%. Others have reported higher false negative rates after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. For those reasons, there is considerable interest in non-invasive methods that may allow staging of the axilla.

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the breast with contrast-enhancement is increasingly being used in breast cancer patients to determine the size of the tumor and its extent. A few reports from Europe have been published regarding its use in evaluating axillary lymph node metastases preoperatively, and the results appear promising. Kvistad et al. demonstrated lymph node metastases using dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI, in which the study had a sensitivity of 83%, a specificity of 90%, and an accuracy of 88%. Luciani et al, suggest that lymph nodes with a large size, irregular contours, round hila, high-signal intensity on T2 sequences, and those with marked enhancement are associated with malignancy.

Magnetic resonance imaging with spectroscopy (MRS) has been used in clinical practice for evaluation of brain tumors as a method for noninvasive detection of tumor metabolism. More recently, it has been used on other soft-tissue tumors, including breast. Like other soft-tissue tumors, breast cancers have increased levels of the amino acid choline. In several studies, the sensitivity and specificity of MRS for detecting breast cancer ranged from 73%-92% and 71%-93%, respectively. No known MRS data has been published regarding axillary lymph node involvement in patients with breast cancer. It is postulated that the choline peak should be elevated in lymph nodes with metastatic breast cancer.

This is an observational study. All eligible patients who give informed consent will complete a MRI/MRS screening questionnaire and if there are no contraindications will undergo MRI/MRS imaging prior to their clinically indicated sentinel lymphadenectomy which may be followed by axillary dissection to be determined by surgeon during the course of surgery.

Conditions

Breast Cancer

Study Design

• Allocation Method: NA
• Intervention Model: SINGLE_GROUP
• Primary Study Purpose: DIAGNOSTIC
• Blinding Strategy: NONE

Interventions

Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy

Intervention Type: PROCEDURE

Eligibility Criteria

Inclusion Criteria

• Patients diagnosed with recent (within 60 days) invasive breast cancer.
• No previous ipsilateral axillary surgery.

Exclusion Criteria

• Patients diagnosed with in situ disease.
• Patients with previous ipsilateral axillary surgery.
• Patients with MRI/MRA contraindications such as a cardiac pacemaker, an aneurysm clip, cochlear implants, and metal in the eyes.
• Patients who have had a moderate or severe contrast reaction to intravenous gadolinium-DTPA.
• Patients who are clinically not stable.
• Patients who cannot give consent.

• Minimum Eligible Age: 25 Years
• Eligible Sex: FEMALE
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No

Sponsors

UNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center

OTHER

Sponsor Role: lead

Responsible Party

Responsibility Role: SPONSOR

Principal Investigators

Cherie M Kuzmiak, D.O.

Role: PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Department of Radiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill

Locations

Mammography Clinic - UNC Hospitals

Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States

Countries

United States

Other Identifiers

LCCC0426

Identifier Type: -

Identifier Source: org_study_id